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Expert urges govt. to take urgent and decisive action to safeguard country’s ownership over Afanasy Nikitin Seamount

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YN Jayarathna and Location of the Afanasy Nikitin Seamount.Pic courtesy Eurasia Review

By Rathindra Kuruwita

The International Seabed Authority (ISBA) does not have the authority to permit India to explore the Afanasy Nikitin Seamount, Rear Admiral (retd.) Y. N. Jayarathna, former Chief Hydrographer and former Deputy Chief of Staff of the Navy, says.

According to Jayarathna, Sri Lanka’s claim to this area, established in 2009, should be upheld.

Speaking to The Island, yesterday, Jayaratne urged the Sri Lankan government to take immediate and decisive action to safeguard the nation’s oceanic resources. Pointing out that everything in the country from agricultural to energy was heavily reliant on the sea, he called for greater attention from Sri Lankan political leaders to these vital resources.

Jayarathna made these remarks in response to the controversy surrounding India’s bid to conduct research at the Afanasy Nikitin Seamount, which Sri Lanka claims as part of its continental shelf. The Afanasy Nikitin Seamount is a vast undersea mountain range stretching 400 km long and 150 kilometers wide, situated in the equatorial Indian Ocean. There is speculation that the area may hold deposits of cobalt worth up to USD 80 billion.

“Seamounts are formed when two oceanic plates collide, causing magma to rise from the descending plate and resulting in eruptions that can create seamounts and islands. These seamounts are rich in minerals with significant economic value. Therefore, asserting sovereignty over the seabed is crucial,” Jayaratne explained.

Jayarathna noted that the Afanasy Nikitin Seamount had been discovered by Soviet researchers in 1959 during the International Indian Ocean Expedition. This large-scale, multinational hydrographic survey of the Indian Ocean ran from September 1, 1959, to December 31, 1965, and was aimed at understanding the fundamental features of the ocean.

“If a country discovers something while exploring the ocean floor, it has the right to name it. The Soviets chose to name the seamount after a Russian explorer who was one of the first Europeans to travel to and document his visit to India,” he said.

“No one can conduct explorations or expeditions in the Indian Ocean, particularly in the Northern region, without considering Sri Lanka,” Jayaratne said, adding that Sri Lanka could participate in those explorations.

“Other countries are investing in the exploration of the Indian Ocean floor, which is why research vessels spend months in the region. It would be beneficial for us to be involved in these expeditions, as it would allow our researchers to gain exposure to new technologies, methodologies, and invaluable experience,” Jayaratne added. He said that marine science research and resource identification of the seabed were closely linked, and that exploration in the Indian Ocean is now influenced by geopolitics.

“Sri Lanka ratified the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) in July 1994. Out of the 183 countries that signed the agreement, 169 have ratified it. Sri Lankan top diplomat Shirley Amerasinghe was a key leader in the negotiations to draft UNCLOS,” Jayarathna noted.

While drafting UNCLOS, Amerasinghe recognised that the provisions on the delimitation of the continental shelf in Article 76 of the draft convention could potentially lead to unfair outcomes for Sri Lanka’s continental shelf. To address this, Sri Lanka successfully negotiated a fair solution, which is now reflected in the “Statement of Understanding concerning a specific method to be used in establishing the outer edge of the continental margin” (SoU). This statement was adopted by consensus during the 141st Plenary Meeting of the Conference on August 29, 1980, and is referenced in paragraph 3(1)(a) of Annex II (Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf) of the 1982 UNCLOS.

“Building on this, we submitted our claims for an extended Continental Shelf in 2009, which includes the Afanasy Nikitin Seamount. However, in recent years, regional powers have been attempting to encroach upon these claimed areas,” Jayaratne said, noting that the United Nations Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf (CLCS) and the International Seabed Authority (ISBA) had been established under UNCLOS. The ISBA oversees ocean floor areas that are not recognised as belonging to any specific country.

“Countries with the necessary technology can apply to the ISBA for permission to explore these areas. When submitting an application, a deposit is required. In March 2024, India followed this process by placing a $500,000 deposit with the ISBA and requesting permission to explore the Afanasy Nikitin Seamount for 15 years. However, since Sri Lanka has claimed this area, the ISBA does not have the authority to grant India permission to explore it,” he said.

Jayarathna noted that only a few countries had the capability to excavate minerals from the ocean floor due to the high costs involved. India’s request for exploration was driven by geopolitical motives, he added.

“We are aware that Chinese ships are exploring various parts of the Indian Ocean floor. If they were to discover a new feature and name it after a Chinese explorer, India wouldn’t like this,” he said.

Jayaratne emphasised that Sri Lanka must respond promptly to these developments. Although Sri Lanka may lack the technology and financial resources to compete with major players in the Indian Ocean, it could still serve as a visionary leader in this arena.



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Navy renders assistance to bring injured fisherman ashore

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The Sri Lanka Navy demonstrated its commitment to maritime safety by  assisting  to bring ashore an injured fisherman and rushing him for urgent medical attention on Thursday (28 May 2026)

The fisherman was aboard a local multiday fishing trawler off the south coast and the Maritime Rescue Coordination Centre (MRCC) Colombo coordinated the retrieval of the fisherman.

Reportedly, the multi-day fishing trawler had departed from the Kudawella Fisheries  Harbour on 05th  May with 06 fishermen. While engaged in fishing activities approximately 730 nautical miles off the south coast, one of the crew members suffered an injury.

Following a formal request for assistance, through MRCC Colombo, the Merchant Vessel ‘Dong Fang Wei Ye’ sailing in the nearby sea area had been informed to retrieve the patient. In a rapid response, the Navy dispatched a craft attached to the Southern Naval Command to the designated sea area where the Merchant Vessel was stationed to transfer the fisherman.

Upon transferring the injured fisherman from the Merchant Vessel, naval personnel provided essential first aid to the injured person before swiftly bringing him to the Galle Harbour And safely transferred him to the National Hospital, Galle.

 

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Applications called to recruit 400 public officers as Digital Champions for the Public Impact Champions Network

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As a key component of the Government’s Digital Economy Plan aimed at enhancing the quality and efficiency of the public sector system, an awareness programme for coordinating executive officers of public institutions was held on Wednesday (27) at the Information and Communication Technology Agency of Sri Lanka (ICTA). The programme marked the first step towards establishing the “Public Impact Champions Network” (PIC-NET), an institutional pilot network intended to drive the optimisation of public services through the digitalisation of public institutions.

During the programme, heads of institutions were informed to submit applications from officers currently serving in public institutions who possess the capability and capacity to represent the “Champions Corps” in spearheading digital transformation, in accordance with Circular PS/ADA/Circular/3/2026.

Chairman of the Information and Communication Technology Agency of Sri Lanka and Senior Adviser to the President on the Digital Economy, Dr. Hans Wijayasuriya, stated that the Government aims to increase Sri Lanka’s digitally empowered economy from its current level of 3% to 12% by 2030.

He further explained that the development of the digital economy is a process aimed at improving efficiency, quality and revenue generation through the use of communication technology in economic activities.

Pointing out how the digital economy has expanded in every developed state, Dr Hans Wijayasuriya noted that the slow growth of the digital economy remains a serious challenge faced by Third World countries. However, he stated that India is currently achieving remarkable progress in digital economic development and that elevating Sri Lanka’s digital economy to a prominent level alongside such developments is one of the Government’s principal objectives.

Dr Hans Wijayasuriya also pointed out that this digital economic growth must take place simultaneously across nearly all public institutions. Accordingly, within the next three years, the coordination and management of transactions among public institutions are expected to function in a fully networked manner similar to banking operations.

He further emphasised that the support of both public institutions and the country’s citizens as a whole would be crucial for the successful implementation of this extensive technological transformation across all public institutions over the next few years.

Ranil Peiris of the Department of Information Technology at the University of Sri Jayewardenepura briefed those present on the foundation of the PIC-NET programme and its future plans.

He explained that, in the future, citizens would be able to access services such as applying for passports and renewing licences entirely online from their homes. He further pointed out that this system would eliminate the need for citizens to repeatedly provide the same information.

Representatives of KPMG also presented the future action plan relating to the selection and training of officers.

Representing the Presidential Secretariat, Sameera Wickremasinghe further briefed participants on the mechanism for calling applications.

The necessary guidance and coordination support for this public sector digitalisation programme are being provided with the support of the Presidential Secretariat, the Ministry of Digital Economy, GovTech Sri Lanka and the Asian Development Bank.

(PMD)

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Mother-in-law of Indian bride whose death set off media frenzy arrested

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Twisha Sharma was found dead in her marital home on 12 May [BBC]

India’s top anti-crime agency has arrested the mother-in-law of an Indian woman whose death has sparked conflicting claims of murder and suicide.

Twisha Sharma’s parents and siblings have alleged that she was tortured by her lawyer husband, Samarth Singh, and his mother – retired judge Giribala Singh – over dowry demands and that she was murdered, allegations they have denied.

The 33-year-old model and actor had been married for just five months when she was found dead in her matrimonial home in Madhya Pradesh state’s Bhopal city on 12 May.

On Thursday, the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) arrested Giribala Singh after questioning her for several hours.

The Madhya Pradesh High Court had earlier cancelled her anticipatory bail, finding that a trial court had ignored key evidence and witness testimony.

Following Twisha’s death, the police had registered a case of dowry death against the Singhs. Earlier this week, the investigation was taken over by the CBI.

Twisha’s death has made national headlines and has once against brought the issue of dowry deaths into the spotlight. Every year, thousands of women are murdered for bringing in insufficient dowries, even though the practice was banned in 1961.

The case has drawn significant attention because of the family’s prominence. Twisha was a former beauty pageant winner and actor, while her husband and mother-in-law were lawyers.

Twisha’s parents allege that dowry-related harassment began soon after her marriage to Singh. They also claim that when she became pregnant, Singh and his mother accused her of infidelity and forced her to terminate the pregnancy.

The Singhs deny the allegations, saying Twisha had mental health issues and took her own life. They also contend that the decision to terminate the pregnancy was hers.

Singh is currently in police custody. He had reportedly absconded after Twisha’s death and was arrested by police in Jabalpur on 22 May.

Twisha was cremated on Sunday after a second autopsy. Her family had alleged that the first post-mortem was flawed and accused the police of a cover-up, a charge the police denied.

[BBC]

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