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Dengue cases approach historic highs worldwide

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Dr. Diana Rojas Alvarez

Incidence of dengue virus has soared in 2023 to near historically high levels, the World Health Organization (WHO) reported on Friday, with more than five million cases worldwide and 5,000 deaths from the virus that still lacks an effective treatment or vaccine, Geneva based Health Policy Watch reported yesterday.

It said: Moreover, formerly dengue-free countries in southern Europe, such as France, Italy and Spain, reported local transmission of dengue virus, in what may be a first for Europe.

“Usually, Europe reports imported cases from the Americas, from the Western Pacific, from the endemic regions,” said WHO’s Dr. Diana Rojas Alvarez, speaking at a UN press briefing Friday morning. “But this year we saw limited clusters of autochthonous transmission. As we know, the summers are getting warmer.”

Another growing concern is the fact that dengue outbreaks are occurring in fragile and conflict-affected countries in the eastern Mediterranean region such as Afghanistan, Pakistan, Sudan, Somalia and Yemen.

Close to 80% of dengue cases, however, continue to be reported in the Americas, with the highest proportion of cases in the Caribbean, followed by Brazil and Mexico. The disease is also prevalent in most of Southeast Asia and the Western Pacific region, reported Alvarez.

Warming temperatures have become a leading driver in the increase of dengue transmission, particularly in tropical and sub-tropical climates but also extending at times to more temperate zones such as southern Europe, she stressed.

“Climate change has an impact in dengue transmission because it increases rainfall, humidity and temperature,” said Dr. Alvarez. “These mosquitoes are very sensitive to temperature.”

Transmitted by the Aedes Aegypti mosquito, dengue virus is one of the most widespread vectors borne diseases. Originally harboured by mosquitoes in rural and forested zones, it has also become a major threat in burgeoning urban areas of the global south – where mosquitoes breed in home water containers as well as in the rainwater accumulating in discarded tires and other refuse.

While there is no specific treatment, early diagnosis and supportive care can reduce risks of death. Although most people recover within a couple of weeks, those who have been affected by dengue in the past can become more ill upon re-infection with a second or third bout of the virus. The onset of severe dengue infections can occur even after initial fever has subsided and be accompanied by symptoms such as bleeding gums, stomach pain, vomiting, liver enlargement, leading to severe bleeding or organ impairment, according to WHO.

The 2023 El Niño phenomenon, which has exacerbated the effects of global warming, and along with that, increased rainfall, is another factor in the growing prevalence of the disease, WHO said.

Along with southern Europe, the disease is being seen with increased frequency in southern areas of North America and Latin American countries such as Uruguay as well as mountain areas of Colombia and other regions more than 2000 meters above sea level, where the mosquito previously didn’t thrive. In Africa, 15 countries have reported outbreaks this year, mostly in West Africa, but also Chad and Ethiopia. In the Middle East and South Asia, high levels of rainfall have increased mosquito densities, and consequent risks, in countries such as Bangladesh, Oman and Saudi Arabia.

Adding to the risks are the already wide distribution of the A. Aegypti mosquito vector – including in Europe.

Key interventions for prevention and control include: strengthening surveillance and reporting of cases; and strengthened vector control activities to reduce mosquito breeding grounds, and thus densities, WHO said. Poor water and sanitation and unsafe waste management adds to dengue risks.

In Southeast Asia and the Americas, successful dengue control has often involved community-level identification and bio-control of sites where the mosquitoes breed, including the introduction of harmless predators, including locally-available species of fish or crustaceans that feed on the mosquito larvae, into water reservoirs and water containers.



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US-assisted ‘Ice’ detection: NPC to examine IGP’s move to transfer drug-busting team

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Kodithuwakku / Ekanayake

Senior DIG among those slated for transfer

By Shamindra Ferdinando

The National Police Commission (NPC) is expected to take up Police Headquarters recommendation to transfer a group of police officers responsible for a major ‘Ice’ bust at the Colombo port recently.

NPC sources told The Island that recommendation in respect of transfers was received last week. Sources said that though the NPC was scheduled to meet today (01), whether IGP Priyantha Weerasooriya’s recommendation would be discussed and decided today was not known.

Members of the NPC are retired High Court Judge Lalith Ekanayake (Chairman), K. Karunaharan, Dilshan Kapila Jayasuriya, A.A.M. Illiyas and Jayantha Jayasinghe

The IGP directed the Special Investigation Unit (SIU) to probe those who carried out the 31 August, 2026 raid that resulted in the detection of 463 kgs of ‘Ice’ concealed in a container that arrived from Pakistan.

The US Embassy declined to comment on the probe though it declared that the largest ever narcotics detection was made on intelligence made available by the US Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA).

The officers investigated for what an authoritative Headquarters source called shortcomings and lapses on the part of the raiding party, belonged to the Central Crime Investigation Bureau (CCIB). Senior DIG Ranmal Kodituwakku who, on behalf of the CCIB, received information directly from the DEA, is among those Police Headquarters wanted to transfer.

CCIB carried out the raid after having obtained a search order from the Aluthgama Magistrate court. Among the suspects taken in this connection are three Pakistani nationals.

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2027 Budget to be held from 12 Nov. to 14 Dec.

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*  First Reading of the Budget on 7 October

The Committee on Parliamentary Business has decided that the Second Reading of the Appropriation Bill for the year 2027 (Budget Speech/presentation of Budget proposals) will take place on 12 November, followed by the Second Reading debate from 13 November to 14 December.

Secretary General of Parliament Kushani Rohanadeera said this had been decided at a meeting of the Committee on Parliamentary Business held recently under the chairmanship of Speaker Dr. Jagath Wickramaratne.

Accordingly, the Appropriation Bill was scheduled to be presented to Parliament for its First Reading on 7 October, the Secretary General said.

It was also decided that the Second Reading of the Appropriation Bill (Budget Speech) would be delivered by President Anura Kumara Dissanayake, in his capacity as the Minister in charge of Finance, on Thursday, 12 November, 2026.

Thereafter, the Second Reading debate will be held for seven days, from 13 November to 20 November. Accordingly, the vote on the Second Reading will be held at 6.00 pm on 20 November.

Thereafter, the Committee Stage debate will be held for 19 days, from 21 November to 14 December , with the vote on the Third Reading of the Budget scheduled for 6.00 pm on 14 December.

During this period, the Budget debate will be held every day, including Saturdays, except on public holidays and Sundays. Parliament is scheduled to meet at 9.30 am on each of these days.

From 9.30 am to 10.00 am each day, time will be allocated for the Parliamentary business specified under Standing Order 22(1) to (6). Thereafter, five Questions for Oral Answers will be taken up from 10.00 am to 10.30 am, followed by one question under Standing Order 27(2) from 10.30 am to 11.00 am.

Accordingly, the debate is scheduled to be held from 11.00 am to 6.00 pm on all days, except the two days on which votes are scheduled to be taken, Motions at the Adjournment Time will be taken up for debate from 6.00 pm to 6.30 pm, based on a 50:50 time allocation between the Government and the Opposition, the Secretary General stated.

It was also approved that during the Second Reading debate, 60% of the debate time will be allocated to the Government and 40% to the Opposition, while during the Committee Stage debate, 40% will be allocated to the Government and 60% to the Opposition.

Furthermore, if a division is called for on an Expenditure Head, relating to a Ministry, the relevant vote will be held at 6.00 pm at the conclusion of the proceedings on the respective day.

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CB Governor confident over timely disbursement of next IMF tranche; hands post-2027 programme decisions to govt.

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Dr. Nandalal Weerasinghe

By Sanath Nanayakkare

Central Bank Governor Dr. Nandalal Weerasinghe addressed queries on the nation’s IMF bailout programme yesterday and indicated that Sri Lanka expects to reach a Staff-Level Agreement with the Fund shortly, clearing the path for the next tranche of funding under the $3 billion EFF arrangement before the end of the year.

Answering questions on Sri Lanka’s economic path, after the current programme expires in March 2027, Dr. Weerasinghe clarified that seeking a follow-up IMF arrangement was entirely a policy decision for the government rather than the Central Bank, maintaining the institutional boundary between Central Bank operations and political decision-making.

The Governor remained firm in his projection that the national economy would expand by around 4 percent throughout 2026, demonstrating economic resilience, even amid external volatilities, such as high oil prices.

Dr. Weerasinghe expressed confidence in the domestic economy’s underlying momentum. While international financial institutions and multilateral agencies had pegged Sri Lanka’s growth prospects at more conservative levels, typically around 3.0 to 3.5 percent, he emphasised that CBSL’s projections are grounded in continuous analysis of real-time indicators.

“When you compare with several other agencies, their growth projections hover around 3 to 3.5 percent. However, the economy is already growing at around 4 percent. In our projections, the economy will maintain this growth rate of around 4 percent throughout the year,” Governor Weerasinghe said.

He noted that despite mid-year quarter adjustments due to volatile oil prices, real economic indicators, including steady credit expansion across the commercial banking sector and sustained industrial and service activity, indicate that the growth trajectory remains firmly on track above the 4 percent benchmark.

Reiterating the Central Bank’s primary mandate, Dr. Weerasinghe noted that monetary policy actions remained focused on anchoring inflation and curtailing excess demand to prevent runaway price spikes.

On inflation targeting, the Governor mentioned that CBSL had submitted a technical recommendation to the Ministry of Finance to maintain an inflation target of 5 percent (+ or – 2 percent band) over the next three-year horizon.

Responding to inquiries on differing target forecasts announced by external agencies such as the IMF, Dr. Weerasinghe underscored that the Central Bank’s recommendations stem strictly from domestic technical and empirical evaluations.

“Our recommendation is based on pure technical and empirical analysis considering the country’s specific situation. We have recommended maintaining a 5 percent target for the next three years, and the government has accepted this recommendation,” he added.

Regarding foreign exchange management, the Governor noted that the Central Bank continues its active market intervention strategy aimed at smoothing out undue exchange rate volatility rather than resisting natural market trends.

Dr. Weerasinghe concluded that while the short-to-medium-term outlook remained assured, the combination of a steady 4 percent growth target and proactive fiscal measures would firmly anchor macroeconomic stability through 2026 and beyond.

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