News
Bisphenol A and Bisphenol S in thermal paper and erasers
By Ifham Nizam
The Centre for Environmental Justice (CEJ) yesterday reveled that it had found toxic Bisphenol A (BPA) and Bisphenol S (BPS) in thermal paper receipts and phthalate in some erasers. The CEJ says BPA has been found in plastic feeding bottles and cups,
Thermal paper is a special fine paper coated with a material formulated to change colour when exposed to heat.
BPA is a known Endocrine Disruptive Chemical used in thermal paper as a colour developer. Receipts from cash registers are one of the main sources of human exposure to this chemical, CEJ Project planning and Management officer Chalani Rubesinghe said.
BPA is found to be associated with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), a complex hormonal condition associated with irregular menstrual cycles), reduced fertility, increased risk of diabetes in women.
BPA affects fertility in men and is associated with sexual dysfunction among them. BPA is also associated with breast, prostate, ovarian, and endometrial cancers. BPA affects brain development and behaviour. Increased anxiety could result from exposure to this chemical.
“This is the second time, the CEJ is revealing the detection of such harmful chemicals in consumer products. It proves how exposed we are to these toxic chemicals. We hope that state officials concerned will take urgent action at lease now. We must impose strict regulations on all imported/ sold plastic goods including children’s products such as erasers and feeding bottles,” Dilena Pathragoda, Executive Director, Centre for Environmental Justice said.
The CEJ sent 31 thermal paper receipts from Sri Lanka for testing in South Korea. The samples included thermal paper receipts from banks, delivery receipts or general retail shops, hospital number tickets or receipts, local franchise stores, small supermarkets or convenience stores, large major supermarkets, bus tickets and a receipt from a hardware store. Except for one sample, all the rest had either BPA or BPS. The concentration range of BPA was 0.92% to 1.75%, and that of BPS was 0.49% to 0.78%. The level of BPA exceeded the EU standard of 0.02%, he said.
“Based on this study we recommend that people keep the least contact with the thermal paper type receipts they get from any source. We recommend the use of normal paper receipts instead of thermal paper bills/ receipts to all our merchandisers,” Rubesinghe added.
The said study was supported by the Wonjin Institute for Occupational and Environmental Health (WIOEH) with funds from Financial Industry Public Interest Foundation (FIPIF) in Korea.
The study included samples from eight countries namely; Bangladesh, Indonesia, Malaysia, Nepal, Philippines, Vietnam, Japan and Sri Lanka.
The BPS (Bisphenol S), the alternative to BPA used in around 2012 is also found to interfere with hormone functioning.
Having these chemicals in thermal receipts increases the risk of exposure in both cashiers handling the receipts at workspace and consumers who take them. Researchers reveal that BPA in thermal paper receipts can easily transfer to human body through skin and this transfer is even faster when the skin is wet.
The study has revealed the presence of BPA in 55% of the total samples and the presence of BPS in 38%. None of the samples were found to have Bisphenol F (BPF), Bisphenol B (BPB), or Bisphenol.
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Fuel crunch looms
Govt. tells fuel distributors to maintain stocks to ensure uninterrupted supplies
by Saman Indrajith and Norman Palihawadane
The government had instructed private fuel distributors to maintain minimum stocks and ensure uninterrupted supplies to the market, Energy Minister Anura Karunathilaka told Parliament yesterday (06).
Karunathilaka said the Ministry of Energy Secretary had notified the relevant companies of the requirement, following a reduction in supplies by some private distributors, amid higher international fuel prices.
The Minister said private companies had informed the government that they were facing losses because international prices had risen while fuel was being sold, locally, at prevailing prices. As a result, some companies had reduced the volumes released to the market.
The reduced supplies had increased the burden on the Ceylon Petroleum Corporation (CPC), whose share of the diesel market had risen from about 54% to 82%, the Minister said.
“The CPC currently holds an 82% share of the market,” he said, adding that it had increased its supplies, compared with February, to compensate for the reduction by private distributors.
Karunathilaka said the government could not, under the existing agreements with private companies, specify the quantities they should supply to individual filling stations. However, it could require them to maintain minimum stocks in the country.
The Minister said the Energy Ministry had already instructed companies that had failed to maintain the required stocks to take steps to prevent supply disruptions.
The Minister attributed the queues reported at some filling stations to reduced supplies from private distributors, as well as normal variations in fuel distribution. He also said demand for CPC fuel had increased because private companies generally did not provide fuel to dealers on credit, while the CPC offered a three-day credit facility.
“We expect that, as the Ceylon Petroleum Corporation takes on this additional burden, the problem will ease to some extent by Wednesday or Thursday,” Karunathilaka said.
He said instructions had also been issued to increase supplies to CPC filling stations. A special discussion on the issue is scheduled for today (07), with officials of the Energy Ministry and CPC expected to participate,
along with President Anura Kumara Dissanayake.
Meanwhile, Petroleum Dealers’ Association officials have called for an early solution to the supply issue. Association Chairman D.V. Shantha Silva said queues had been reported at many filling stations, mainly those operated by private distributors.
He said the situation was not due to an overall shortage of fuel, but was linked to reduced orders by Lanka IOC, Sinopec and R.M. Parks amid concerns over losses incurred on fuel sales.
The Ceylon Petroleum Private Tanker Owners Association has urged motorists to refrain from panic buying, saying there was no nationwide disruption to fuel supplies.
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