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A PORTENT OF THINGS TO COME: waiting to die in Uda Walawe

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by Rohan Wijesinha

A New Year spells new beginnings and brings with it the hope of things better. This year, it dawned very differently at the Uda Walawe National Park. The officers of the Department of Wildlife Conservation (DWC) were on a mission of mercy. A large bull elephant had been shot; the bone and muscle of the knee of his back left leg had been shattered. It had swollen to many times its normal size, and needed urgent treatment. The shooting had taken place outside of the Park, and the DWC officers had to entice this beautiful creature back into it, with food and elephant delicacies, to keep him safe from more human torture, and to try and treat his wounds. Despite the extent of his injuries, they managed to tempt him in, a considerable trek in his condition. In his prime, large and full of life, this big bull now faced the biggest challenge to his existence; to heal from human harm.

When death is a release

Six weeks later, and the DWC officers were trying to move him again, away from the edges of the Park, perhaps so that he could die in peace, away from the prying eyes of those who might otherwise exult in his sad ending. Time, even this short span of time, had taken heavy toll. Despite the every effort of the DWC officers, the swelling had now trebled in size, and was oozing with foul smelling suppurate. The once proud beast, now an emaciated hulk, blind in one eye, perhaps the result of a previous bullet, shuffled along the road in obvious pain. His left back leg crumpled every time it took his weight, and with each step, more pus oozed out of the swollen mass of rotting flesh.

We may never know why he was shot, or why he deserved to be if such a justification can ever be made, but the placement of the bullet clearly showed that it was to hurt and not to instantly kill. Yet, with a political leadership seemingly intent on the decimation of the wildlife and wilderness areas of Sri Lanka, this will be just one of the many tragedies waiting to play out on lands that were once prized by our ancient rulers and peoples for their sanctity, serenity and life-giving powers, and were the foundation of this country’s prosperity.

Murdering the future

A government that wages war on its own people is referred to as a Dictatorship but, usually, exists for just the lifespan of that particular rule as not even tyrants can live forever. History shows that power soon returns to the people, and sanity prevails once more. Those who wage war on Nature and the environment, however, are Demons that are intent on destroying the futures of all who come after them. They have no comprehension of tomorrow but believe that their today is all that matters, a final generation. Though the ‘future’ is bound to curse them for their callous destruction of it, they will no longer be there to suffer the consequences of their wickedness. Their children will be sent to live elsewhere, though as the climate heats up, due to deforestation and environmental destruction, there may be nowhere else to live. Nature does not adhere to manmade boundaries – those constructed by states or individuals. A lack of water, polluted air and inadequate supplies of food will bring as slow and as lingering a death to humanity, as it is today coming to the dying bull elephant in the Uda Walawe National Park.

The Government has now determined that any farmer with over an acre of arable land is to be given guns to protect their crops from wildlife. It is estimated that there are approximately two million who will so qualify. Sri Lanka’s famous fauna, those exotic creatures with whom we share this Island and who attract many visitors to our shores, will be the victims of this slaughter. The massacre will be apocalyptic. It will not only be elephants who will be targeted, but any creature that nears human cultivation and habitation.

There is also a matter of National security. In the last 50 years Sri Lanka has suffered the consequences of three major insurrections; two in the South and one in the North. There has been a rise in the levels of domestic violence. Will these guns be used against animals alone?

Give a child a gun, and who is responsible? It is clear as to who should be held to account for every human and animal death that results from this irresponsible political initiative. This is not being done for the benefit of farmers for if it was, the forests would be fiercely protected for they are the bringers of rain, and the precious water needed for agriculture. Wild animals are an essential component of a healthy ecosystem. This is nothing but for the benefit of the policymakers and the money they, and their henchmen, can make from selling this precious natural heritage to large corporate entities who will rape it for what it can give them, and in the shortest possible time. Nothing but barren, waterless earth will remain for those who are left to try and scrape a pittance from the residue – the true farmers.

The Final Generation?

Historians, if there are any left, will refer to this as the Final Age as biodiversity disappears, and natural systems begin to collapse. There would be no point in appealing to our Gods to sustain us as this destruction would have been orchestrated by men who delude themselves that they are divine and not just above the Laws of Men, but those of Nature too. They, long ago, abandoned their worship of the just by building graven images of themselves with the materials they had plundered, and continue to steal, from the Earth.

If only we could save it for the future, for the younger generations are far more aware of the value of Nature and the need to preserve it, intact, for the health and life of all? They are the hope of tomorrow. Are we going to stand by quietly and let them be robbed of their inheritance especially as there are so many ways for us to coexist with Nature, and benefit from its blessings? Or do we, too, believe that ours is the final generation?

“Human kind of one generation holds the guardianship and conservation of the natural resources in trust for future generations…A sacred duty to be carried out with the highest level of accountability.”

Justice Shiranee Thilakawardena (in Watte Gedara Wijebanda v Conservator General of Forests and Others 2009 1 SLR 337 at p. 338)

 



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Life style

From colour to contour: Ramani Fernando on what next in 2026

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Multi looks brides this year’s trends

Every year style and beauty evolve in exciting new directions. We met Ramani Fernando, one of Sri Lanka’s most celebrated hair and makeup artists, to get an insider’s news on the trends shaping 2026. From daring hair colours to refined makeup palettes, Ramani shares her expert insights on how brides and fashion forward women can carry the season’s looks with confidence and elegance.

As the beauty industry moves into 2026, one thing is clear, excess is giving way to elegance, and individuality is the new luxury. Ramani believes 2026 is all about refinement, health and personal expression, rather than rigid trends. Over styled hair is fading away she explains soft layers, lived in waves and gentle volume will dominate, replacing heavy curls and stiff finishes. Bridal hair, the emphasis is on romantic simplicity – loose chignons, modern buns and softly structured hairdos. When it comes to colour, natural tones are evolving, expect warm browns, soft caramels, muted coppers and delicate face framing highlights.

Beauty Trends 2026 — Ramani Fernando

When you look ahead to 2026, how would you describe the overall beauty mood?

The beauty mood for 2026 is refined, confident, and very intentional. It’s about individuality rather than excess — effortless luxury, where everything looks polished but never overdone.

What hairstyles will define 2026, especially for brides and formal occasions?

We’ll see soft structure — modern chignons, low textured buns, sleek ponytails with a twist, and relaxed waves that move naturally. Hair looks styled but touchable, with a strong emphasis on shape and finish.

Are brides moving away from traditional styles?

Yes, absolutely. Brides still respect tradition, but they want it reinterpreted. They’re choosing styles that reflect who they are rather than following a set bridal “rulebook.’

Elegant neckline highlighting the collarbone

Clean lines,sharp tailoring and modern necklines

What role do accessories play in 2026 trends?

Ramani-setting trends that define 2026

Accessories are statement pieces. From sculptural hairpins to fresh flowers and couture headpieces, they’re used thoughtfully to elevate a look rather than overwhelm it.

. How is hair colour evolving in 2026?

Hair colour is becoming softer, richer, and more dimensional. The focus is on healthy shine and colours that enhance skin tone rather than dramatic contrasts.

Which shades will dominate this year?

Warm brunettes, soft mocha, honey blondes, champagne tones, and muted coppers will be very popular. Natural-looking luxury shades are key.

Are bold colours still relevant?

Yes, but in a more curated way. Bold colours appear as accents or in editorial looks, not as everyday statements. It’s about confidence, not shock value.

What’s the biggest makeup shift you’re noticing for 2026?

Skin is everything. Makeup is moving toward enhancing rather- masking — luminous, healthy skin with strategic definition.

Is natural makeup replacing glamour?

Not replacing, but redefining it. Glamour in 2026 is sophisticated and subtle. Even a bold look is rooted in flawless skin and balance.

What colours and finishes are trending?

Soft neutrals, warm browns, rose tones, muted peaches, and bronzed finishes. Creams and satins are preferred over heavy mattes.

What advice would you give brides planning their 2026 look?

Stay true to yourself. Choose a look that feels timeless, comfortable, and confident. Trends should enhance your personality, not overpower it.

What defines beauty in 2026 for you?

Authenticity. Beauty is about confidence, self-care, and feeling like the best version of yourself — not trying to look like someone else.

Why has skin become the focus point of beauty in 2026?

Because healthy skin is the foundation of everything. When skin looks good, makeup becomes effortless. Clients are investing more in skincare, and it shows — beauty now starts long before the makeup chair.

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Chekhov Sandhyava: A Sri Lankan Evening with a Russian Master

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More than three decades after it first illuminated a Colombo stage, Chekhov Sandhyava returns—not as a relic revived for nostalgia, but as a living theatrical conversation between Sri Lanka and one of world drama’s most perceptive minds.

Its revival on January 29, 2026, is quietly momentous, coinciding with the 166th birth anniversary of Anton Chekhov and the 88th birth anniversary of Professor Sunanda Mahendra, the scholar, translator, and theatre-maker who first imagined this encounter for Sinhala audiences.

Unlike conventional productions that centre on a single canonical text, Chekhov Sandhyava is conceived as an evening—a carefully composed sequence of short works that together reveal Chekhov’s range, irony, and emotional restraint.

The programme brings together adaptations of The Proposal, Swan Song, A Summer in the Country, Nincompoop, and a brief satirical piece addressing the destructive effects of tobacco. Individually modest, collectively they form a mosaic of human behaviour that is unmistakably Chekhovian.

What distinguishes Chekhov Sandhyava is not merely its selection of texts, but its method of approach. Chekhov is not treated as a distant European classic preserved behind a glass case of reverence. Instead, his characters are allowed to breathe within a Sri Lankan theatrical sensibility—shaped by spoken Sinhala, local performance traditions, and an instinctive understanding of social awkwardness, suppressed desire, and quiet disappointment. The laughter, pauses, and silences feel familiar, suggesting that Chekhov’s insights into human nature travel effortlessly across geography and time.

The origins of Chekhov Sandhyava can be traced to the late 1980s and early 1990s, a period when Professor Sunanda Mahendra was deeply engaged in theatre education and practice in Sri Lanka. Although Chekhov was widely read and discussed, his plays were rarely staged in Sinhala with sustained seriousness. Mahendra’s objective was both pedagogical and artistic: to introduce Chekhov not through academic theory, but through the immediacy of performance.

The first staging took place in 1991 at the Soviet Cultural Centre in Colombo. Emerging from the work of theatre students and practitioners, it was conceived as a collective exploration rather than a conventional repertory production. Over time, it came to be recognised as a milestone in Sinhala theatre, opening pathways for further translations, adaptations, and deeper engagement with Chekhov’s dramatic method.

Central to this achievement was Mahendra’s work as translator and adaptor. Drawing from English translations of Chekhov’s Russian originals, he reshaped the texts with careful attention to linguistic rhythm and theatrical economy. The current revival extends that legacy.

New adaptations of The Proposal and Swan Song by Ravindu Mahendra draw on multiple English translations while remaining faithful to the emotional texture of the originals. The emphasis is on restraint rather than exaggeration—on allowing Chekhov’s humour and melancholy to surface naturally.

The 2026 production is directed by Ravindu Mahendra, who also performs alongside a seasoned ensemble that includes Prasannajith Abeysuriya, Wasantha Moragoda, Seneviratne Rudrigo, Jayani Sarathchandra, Indika Jasinghe, and Ajith Sirimanna. Music by Gayan Ganadhari and costumes and visual elements are designed to support the understated tone of the plays, avoiding spectacle in favour of atmosphere.

The choice of venue—the Namel Malini Punchi Theatre in Borella—feels particularly apt.

Chekhov’s drama thrives on intimacy: on timing, gesture, and what remains unsaid between characters. Afternoon and evening performances allow audiences to experience the plays as they were intended—not as grand statements, but as close observations of human behaviour.

Chekhov Sandhyava

is also inseparable from the wider legacy of Professor Sunanda Mahendra, one of Sri Lanka’s most influential figures in theatre, literature, and media studies. Academic, broadcaster, playwright, translator, critic, and mentor, Mahendra helped shape modern Sinhala theatre through both practice and pedagogy.

His receipt of the State Drama Lifetime Achievement Award in 2023 acknowledged a career that consistently bridged scholarship and creativity.

In this sense, Chekhov Sandhyava is more than a revival. It is the continuation of an ongoing dialogue between Sri Lankan theatre and a playwright who resisted neat conclusions. Chekhov’s characters do not resolve their dilemmas; they talk, hesitate, joke, and fail. That quiet refusal of certainty—radical in its time—remains deeply resonant today.

By bringing these works back to the stage, Chekhov Sandhyava invites contemporary audiences to listen again: to silences, to half-finished thoughts, and to the small contradictions that define ordinary lives.

It is an evening that honours both a Russian master and a Sri Lankan tradition of thoughtful, serious theatre—one that understands that sometimes, the most profound truths are spoken softly.

By Ifham Nizam ✍️

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he silent killer: why we ignore Osteoporosis

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Dr Aruna Caldera , Consultant Rheumatologist

Silent yet destructive, Osteoporosis often advances without warning until a simple fall results in a life altering fracture. In this interview Dr. Anura Caldera, Consultant Rheumatologist sheds light on a condition long misunderstood as an inevitable part of ageing. He explains why Osteoporosis is preventable, detectable, and treatable when addressed early and awareness especially among women and the elderly can mean the difference between independence and disability. Drawing from years of frontline experience, Dr. Caldera unpacks the myths, risks and lifesaving interventions surrounding one of the world’s most under diagnosed bone diseases.

Dr. Caldera is a product of Royal College with advanced foreign training that has shaped his professional expertise. This blend of strong local education and global training has been central to the perspective and standards he brings to his work today.

All of us may have seen the elderly woman in the neighbourhood who broke her hip, disappeared from the community, and passed away a few months later. We may also have seen another woman who gradually stoops forward and ends up needing a walking stick in no time. But many of us may never have realized that these are complications of a disease that could have been prevented.

What is Osteoporosis?

Osteoporosis is a systemic bone disease that reduces bone mineral density, making bones extremely weak and fragile. This reduction in bone density makes bones highly prone to fractures, often involving the hip, spine, forearm just above the wrist and upper arm, even following minor falls.

What happens in Osteoporosis?

Bones are dynamic structures, meaning they are constantly being built up and broken down within the body. Two main cell types are responsible for this process: osteoblasts, which form bone, and osteoclasts, which break down bone.

When we are young and healthy, these cells work in perfect harmony, maintaining strong and healthy bones. Ideally, we should not fracture a bone even if we fall from our own height.

In Osteoporosis, this balance is tipped towards bone breakdown. Over time, bone mineral density gradually decreases to dangerous levels. At this stage, even minor trauma—such as slipping while trying to sit on a chair and falling to the ground—can result in a fracture, particularly of the hip.

Why aren’t patients aware of it?

The major problem with Osteoporosis is that it has no symptoms until it causes a fracture. When you have diabetes, you may urinate frequently, feel excessive thirst, and lose weight. When your heart arteries are blocked, you may feel breathless climbing a few stairs. When your kidneys are failing, your feet may swell. But with Osteoporosis, you feel nothing.

By the time symptoms appear, the disease has already manifested its complications—fractures. Most patients in Sri Lanka discover they have Osteoporosis only after breaking a bone.

Some patients gradually lose height over time due to silent fractures of the spine, known as vertebral wedge fractures. Sometimes the pain is so minimal that the patient is unaware a fracture has occurred. Degeneration of spinal discs can also contribute to height loss. A stooped posture may develop for the same reasons. Lower back pain usually appears only once fractures have occurred.

What treatment options are available?

The mainstay of treatment is anti-resorptive therapy, which is available in tablet, injection, and infusion forms. The most commonly used medication is alendronate 70 mg, taken once weekly on an empty stomach with 200 ml of water. Patients must remain upright and avoid eating for at least 30 minutes after taking the tablet.

There are also monthly tablet formulations. If oral medications are poorly tolerated, treatment can be switched to an annual infusion such as zoledronic acid or six-monthly denosumab subcutaneous injections. Other treatment options are also available.

In addition, patients require calcium and vitamin D supplementation. The minimum recommended intake is 700 mg of calcium and 800 IU of vitamin D, obtained through a combination of diet and supplements. Combination tablets containing calcium and vitamin D in these ranges are generally safe.

How long should patients be treated?

The duration of treatment depends on the individual patient. A common misconception is that five years of treatment is sufficient for everyone. This is incorrect.

Decisions regarding treatment duration and drug holidays must be made carefully, based on multiple factors. Patients require regular DXA and FRAX assessments to monitor treatment response and identify new risk factors. If the response is inadequate, the physician may need to change the antiresorptive medication—for example, from oral therapy to infusion. Osteoporosis cannot be effectively managed by prescribing a single medication and assuming five years of treatment will resolve the condition.

Why is Osteoporosis called a “silent killer”?

Osteoporosis-related hip fractures significantly increase the risk of death within the following year, with up to 30% of patients dying within 12 months of a hip fracture. Death often results from complications such as pneumonia or blood clots due to prolonged immobility.

A significant number of survivors also lose their independent mobility after a hip fracture. Therefore, it is far better to be safe than sorry—get tested and treated when necessary. One of the greatest assets in old age is independent mobility, which allows a person to remain self-sufficient and maintain quality of life.

As a result, patients tend to attribute their pain to this condition. However, the real cause may be that one of the weakened vertebrae has already fractured and collapsed, and the next bone at risk of fracture could be the hip.

Which patients are most affected?

Peak bone mass is achieved in the early 30s, after which bone mineral density gradually declines. This loss is usually minimal and does not significantly increase fracture risk.

However, once women reach menopause, the lack of estrogen accelerates bone loss to a level where bone mineral density may reach Osteoporotic levels.

A study conducted in Sri Lanka in 2004 by Prof. Sisira Siribaddana and Prof. Sarath Lekamwasam revealed that 42.3% of women aged 50-59, 67.5% of women aged 6069, and 81.6% of women over 70 had Osteoporosis. According to similar studies, 94% of Sri Lankan patients with Osteoporosis are female. These figures are notably higher than those seen in many developed countries, where the prevalence is lower.

How can we diagnose this condition?

Any woman over the age of 50 should undergo a “fracture risk assessment”. Those with an intermediate or higher risk should then have a bone mineral density assessment using a DXA scan. This scan measures bone density in the spine, hip, and, in selected cases, the wrist.

The T-score is used to guide treatment decisions in most patients. However, a FRAX score—calculated using an online tool—is particularly useful for patients with borderline bone density (Osteopenia), as the DXA scan alone cannot reliably predict hip or major Osteoporotic fracture risk in all individuals.

There is one situation where treatment is initiated even without a DXA scan: when a patient has already suffered a fracture believed to be due to Osteoporosis. In such cases, treatment is started even if the DXA scan (Dual Energy Xray Absorptiometry scan) does not show established Osteoporosis.

Additional blood tests may be required, though not all are necessary for every patient. These commonly include serum calcium, vitamin D levels, parathyroid hormone levels (in selected patients), and routine kidney and liver function tests. Further investigations may be arranged on a patient-by-patient basis.

Are there other high-risk groups apart from post-menopausal women?

Yes. Other risk factors include advancing age, low Body Mass Index (BMI), previous fragility fractures, a parental history of hip fractures, long-term steroid therapy (more than three months), smoking, alcohol consumption exceeding three units per day, rheumatoid arthritis, type 1 diabetes, chronic liver disease, chronic kidney disease, sex hormone deficiency, and concurrent malignancy.

FRAX score is a fracture risk assessment tool that is particularly valuable for patients who do not meet treatment thresholds based on DXA results alone.

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