Business
Taxing Tobacco: Why the 2023 Budget Should Increase Tobacco Taxes
By an IPS Research Team
Sri Lanka’s economy is at a critical juncture where urgent steps are needed to improve the country’s fiscal position. The Institute of Policy Studies of Sri Lanka (IPS) has maintained that increasing tobacco taxation has undeniable health and fiscal benefits. In this context, policy solutions, such as taxing tobacco which can be leveraged to boost government revenue without threatening economic growth, are essential. This blog argues that the 2023 Budget should introduce a model of indexation which automatically links tobacco taxation rises with the size of the economy and inflation. This would raise substantial additional revenue from the excise tax on cigarettes.
The Right Time to Raise Taxes
The current economic crisis and the intense pressure on the health system mean there is no better time to raise tobacco taxes in Sri Lanka. Among the benefits of increasing tobacco taxes are the generation of additional revenue for the government, widespread support among the public for an increase in tobacco taxation, and the reduced burden on Sri Lanka’s struggling health system.
A tax targeting a ‘sin product’ like tobacco will contribute to the government’s ongoing efforts to help raise revenue without increasing the costs of essential goods at a critical time for the economy. According to a poll conducted by the Alcohol and Drug Information Centre (ADIC) in September 2021, 91.5% of respondents said they would support increasing tobacco taxation to boost government revenue. Accordingly, this is a tax move the government can introduce, which will have a near-universal public endorsement. Further, driving down tobacco consumption by increasing prices, particularly of the most harmful cigarettes, will reduce tobacco-caused illnesses and ease pressure on the health system when Sri Lanka’s healthcare system is facing severe medical shortages due to the economic crisis.
A Complex Tobacco Taxation System
Taxation is internationally recognised as the most cost-effective means to reduce tobacco consumption, given the revenue generated by tobacco taxation. The World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC) recommends simple, inflation-adjusted taxes to reduce tobacco use and prevalence. In the past, in line with these global best practices, Sri Lanka has taken several positive measures to control tobacco use, including tax increases leading to significant revenue boosts for the government as public health benefits for the population.
Sri Lanka, however, has complex tobacco taxation practices in place. Cigarettes in Sri Lanka are taxed at five different excise duty rates based on the length of the cigarette. Moreover, in Sri Lanka, tobacco taxation has not kept pace with inflation and per capita income, which has made cigarettes more affordable. This has resulted in adverse health outcomes and deprived the government of considerable revenue, which could have been invested in key priorities.
Introduce a Single Tax for Cigarettes
To help mitigate the current fiscal difficulties, an ongoing IPS study recommends the introduction of a single tax for cigarettes of all lengths (along with regulation restricting the length of cigarettes to 84 mm the longest cigarette sold in the market at present), which is adjusted annually according to inflation and GDP growth of introducing a single tax for cigarettes, irrespective of their length, will make cigarettes less affordable to youth and the poor (See Figure 1 for further information). For example, if a single tax were implemented in 2021, all cigarettes would have cost at least LKR 57, reducing the affordability of all cigarettes. Thus, the formula would ensure that taxes are raised consistently and that cigarettes remain unaffordable to the most vulnerable, namely the young and the poor.
The risk of substitution to beedi is a common argument used to oppose increasing cigarette taxes. An ongoing IPS study, however, provides a counterargument through a cross-price elasticity analysis, which reveals that if cigarette prices rise, tobacco smokers are unlikely to substitute cigarettes with beedi.
Benefits of Introducing a Taxation Formula for Cigarettes
Revenue gains: IPS estimates that the government could have earned close to LKR 23.6 billion in additional excise tax revenue if a single excise tax for cigarettes of all lengths was introduced according to the formula in 2021.
Health benefits: Increasing taxes is the most effective way to reduce tobacco consumption. This will help to reduce adverse health outcomes of smoking, ease pressures on the health system, lower health costs associated with tobacco use, and reduce the unfavourable effects on household incomes from tobacco consumption. IPS estimates that had a single tax for all cigarettes had been in place since 2018, the number of cigarettes sold would have fallen by almost 157 million sticks. Further, the current price is highly affordable and could incentivise the youth to start smoking, leading to additional burdens on the health system. As such, introducing regulations to restrict the length of cigarettes to 84 mm would ensure cigarettes remain unaffordable.
Public support: A tax increase targeting a ‘sin product’ helps to generate revenue without increasing the costs of essential goods. As such, this tax increase is likely to be widely supported by the public.
Way Forward
Given the current economic crisis and considering that cigarette taxes have not been revised systematically over time, the government could use this opportunity to introduce a simple formula to raise taxes to attain the twin benefits of improved health and fiscal outcomes.
Link to original blog: https://www.ips.lk/talkingeconomics/2022/11/10/taxing-tobacco-why-the-2023-budget-should-increase-tobacco-taxes/
Business
Janashakthi Finance relocates Nugegoda branch to enhance customer convenience and accessibility
Janashakthi Finance PLC, a member of JXG (Janashakthi Group), has relocated its Nugegoda Branch to a more accessible and customer-friendly location at No. 136/5, S. De S. Jayasinghe Mawatha, Nugegoda, further strengthening its commitment to convenience and service excellence.
Situated in the heart of one of Colombo’s busiest urban centres, the new premises offer improved accessibility and enhanced facilities, enabling customers to engage with the Company’s services in a more comfortable and efficient environment.
The branch continues to provide a comprehensive range of financial solutions, including deposits, savings accounts, leasing, gold loans, alternative finance solutions, corporate and SME financing and other tailored financial services designed to meet both individual and business needs.
Nugegoda is a vibrant and densely populated commercial hub, and this relocation allows us to enhance service delivery while providing an improved experience for our valued customers.
Business
Electricity tariff hike raises questions over fuel pricing transparency
The much discussed latest electricity tariff debate has taken a controversial turn, with senior power sector officials and independent energy analysts questioning whether opaque fuel pricing mechanisms are artificially inflating the cost of electricity generation while shielding politically sensitive petroleum losses.
At the centre of the controversy is the widening gap between diesel pricing and the steep increases imposed on Heavy Fuel Oil (HFO) and naphtha — two fuels heavily used by the Ceylon Electricity Board (CEB)� for thermal power generation.
Energy analysts argue that while electricity tariffs are officially calculated on a “cost reflective” basis, the fuel pricing structure feeding into those calculations appears far from transparent.
A senior CEB official told The Island Financial Review that the present fuel pricing pattern raises “serious economic and policy concerns.”
“The entire electricity tariff framework is built on the assumption that fuel supplied to the power sector reflects actual import costs. But if fuel pricing itself is distorted, then tariff calculations become distorted too,” the official said.
According to CEB operational data reviewed by sector analysts, the utility regularly consumes nearly two-and-a-half times more HFO than diesel for thermal generation. Yet recent fuel revisions saw diesel prices rise only marginally — despite allegations that diesel cargoes had been procured at extraordinarily high dollar values.
Industry analysts pointed out that diesel imported at around USD 286 per barrel resulted in only about a Rs. 10 domestic price increase, while HFO prices surged by nearly Rs. 42 per litre and naphtha by around Rs. 34 — increases estimated at roughly 25 percent.
“This creates the impression that losses on diesel are being absorbed by overpricing HFO and naphtha,” an energy economist said.
“If CPC is maintaining artificially low diesel prices for political or inflation management reasons, the burden appears to be transferred to electricity consumers through thermal generation costs.”
The analyst noted that because the CEB relies heavily on HFO for regular dispatch operations, even relatively small increases in HFO pricing can translate into billions of rupees in additional annual generation costs.
In dollar terms, the implications are substantial.
Power sector officials estimate that every major upward revision in HFO pricing adds several billion rupees to annual generation expenditure, particularly during periods of low hydro availability. Given the depreciation pressures on the rupee and the dollar-denominated nature of fuel imports, the resulting tariff burden on consumers becomes even more severe.
A second senior CEB official expressed concern that institutional checks and balances within the energy sector appeared to be weakening.
“There is growing concern within the industry that the electricity sector regulator is no longer functioning with the level of independence expected of it,” the official said, referring to the Public Utilities Commission of Sri Lanka (PUCSL).
“The regulator’s responsibility is to independently scrutinise cost submissions, fuel assumptions and tariff calculations. But many in the sector now feel there is inadequate challenge or verification of the numbers being presented.”
The official warned that if regulatory independence is perceived to be compromised, public confidence in tariff revisions could deteriorate further.
A senior engineer attached to the CEB said the issue goes beyond tariff formulas.
“What is missing is cost transparency. There is no publicly accessible breakdown showing actual landed fuel costs, financing charges, hedging exposure, exchange losses, or refinery margins. Without that, nobody can independently verify whether the fuel pricing is truly cost reflective.”
Analysts also questioned the apparent disparity between crude oil acquisition costs and refined fuel pricing adjustments.
“If crude was purchased at almost the same price range, why are HFO and naphtha seeing disproportionate hikes while diesel remains comparatively protected?” one analyst asked.
Several observers believe the answer may lie in broader political and financial calculations.
Keeping diesel prices artificially low helps contain inflationary pressure across transport, logistics and food supply chains. However, critics say it may also help suppress scrutiny over controversial diesel procurements carried out at elevated international prices.
Energy sector sources further alleged that maintaining a lower diesel benchmark may also indirectly soften calculations linked to the long-running coal procurement controversy, where comparative generation cost modelling often references diesel-based thermal pricing.
“This has major political implications because lower diesel benchmarks can influence public perception regarding coal generation economics,” an analyst said.
By Ifham Nizam
Business
BETSS.COM powers Sri Lanka’s horse racing with landmark three-year sponsorship
BETSS.COM, the digital platform of Sporting Star, is ushering Sri Lanka’s horse racing into a new era through a landmark three-year title sponsorship of the BetSS Governor’s Cup and BetSS Queen’s Cup.
This long-term commitment by Sports Entertainment Services (Pvt) Ltd, operators of BETSS.COM, marks a significant step in elevating two of the country’s most prestigious racing events—enhancing their visibility, engagement, and relevance in a digitally connected world. As a brand positioned as a “Patron of Elite Sri Lankan Sports & Heritage,” BETSS.COM continues to support and transform iconic sporting platforms that carry deep cultural significance.
The Governor’s Cup and Queen’s Cup are the flagship “blue riband” races of the Nuwara Eliya Racecourse and remain central to the town’s April holiday season—where sport, fashion, and highland tourism converge. Horse racing was first introduced to Sri Lanka in the 1840s by Mr. John Baker, brother of the renowned explorer Samuel Baker, who established a training course for imported English thoroughbreds in the hills of Nuwara Eliya. The inaugural race at the Nuwara Eliya Racecourse was held in 1875, organised by the Nuwara Eliya Gymkhana Club. In 1910, the then Governor of Ceylon, Sir Henry Edward McCallum, inaugurated the prestigious Governor’s Cup and Queen’s Cup. Now in its 153rd year of racing, the event stands as an enduring symbol of Sri Lanka’s rich thoroughbred heritage.
-
News2 days agoMIT expert warns of catastrophic consequences of USD 2.5 mn Treasury heist
-
News4 days agoCJ urged to inquire into AKD’s remarks on May 25 court verdict
-
News5 days agoUSD 3.7 bn H’tota refinery: China won’t launch project without bigger local market share
-
News6 days agoEaster Sunday Case: Ex-SIS Chief concealed intel, former Defence Secy tells court
-
News7 days agoTen corruption cases set for court in May, verdict ordered in one case – President
-
Business6 days agoDialog Surpasses 1,000 5G Sites, Strengthening Nationwide 5G Coverage
-
Editorial2 days agoClean Sri Lanka and dirty politics
-
Editorial5 days agoDeliver or perish
