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Lanka faces looming threat to its environment from haphazard disposal of non-biodegradable face masks
Sri Lanka’s environment is facing a looming threat owing to the haphazard disposal of millions of used face masks and personal protective equipment, reveals a recent study by the University of Kelaniya.
“Mostly, face masks are made of petroleum-based non-renewable polymers that are non-biodegradable, hazardous to the environment and create health issues. It is reported that Sri Lanka generates around 14 to 70 million of face mask waste a week,” said Prof Rangika Bandara, Director of the Centre for Sustainability Solutions of the university’s Department of Zoology and Environmental Management.
She said: “We should understand that disposable face masks which are commonly known as surgical face masks or K-95 masks contain polypropylene which is a popular kind of plastics. According to study findings, a K-95 mask contains about 9 grams of polypropylene and this value is around 4.5 gram in a surgical face mask. By looking at these numbers, it is estimated that as a country Sri Lanka emits 47-185 tons of polypropylene per week to the environment through face masks only.”
“Plastic is considered as a non-biodegradable material as it takes over 500 years to get rid of it from the environment. Disposing facemasks inappropriately on different land surfaces will gradually end up in rivers, lakes, ponds, forests and other vegetation, agricultural fields and finally in oceans by washing them off with runoff and surface flooding and also by wind,” she said.
Prof Bandara said that disposal of used face masks along with other disposable personal protective equipment posed serious risks to valuable global eco-systems creating threats to public health.
According to the health experimental results, wearing a face mask will reduce the risk of transmitting coronavirus by 47% by acting as a particle filter and by minimising the number of times an individual touches the face/mouth/nose with unwashed hands. Therefore, WHO has recommended wearing a suitable face mask appropriately at public places and when interacting with COVID infected or suspected cases. Also, according to the WHO estimates nearly 89 million face masks are needed worldwide to control COVID-19 each month. We should understand that disposable face masks which are commonly known as surgical face masks or K-95 masks contain polypropylene which is a popular kind of plastics. According to study findings, a K-95 mask contains about 9 grams of polypropylene and this value is around 4.5 gram in a surgical face mask.
Prof. Bandara said: “While the soil is contaminated with plastics, soil texture and structure will be altered and become unsuitable for plant growth hence with time, we will not be able to harvest expected yields from agricultural fields. On that day the damage will become irreversible. Not only the soil but also clogging drainage and irrigation channels by waste face masks can be expected. Currently, most of the irrigation and drainage channels in the country, especially in urban areas are already clogged by invasive aquatic weeds such as Eichornia (japan jabara) and Salvinia creating a huge social and environmental problem. Inappropriate disposal of face masks will trigger the problem as they associate with water weeds creating a mesh thereby further blocking water passages. If that is the case, flash floods in cities even in light rains would be unavoidable which is a significant economic loss and greater impact on livelihood specially those who have settled along the water canals.
“Studies carried out in the Mediterranean Sea and ocean bottoms near Hong Kong have shown lining of ocean bottom by layers of face masks which inhibit transfer of oxygen between water and soil in the bottom. With time ocean bottom will create an anaerobic condition which will badly affect the survival of benthic organisms like sea anemones, sponges, corals, sea stars, sea urchins, worms, bivalves, crabs, When the ocean is polluted by facemasks those in settle ocean bottom as well as among aquatic weeds and corals which disturb and disturbed the normal behavioural patterns of aquatic living organisms. Macroorganisms like fishes, jellyfish, and turtles will indigest face masks. This will destroy the eco- system balance and ocean productivity will go down posing a risk to the fisheries industry.
“Plastics will be broken into tiny particles less than 5 micrometres in size and form micro plastics in the form of fibres and/or particulate matter in the ocean, freshwater and marine environment. Different packaging plastic materials, bottling plastic materials and containers from the food processing industries are primary sources of micro plastics pollution. Polypropylene mixed face masks would be another source of micro plastic, especially in ocean and soil. Ultimately, Micro plastics will enter the human body through terrestrial and aquatic food chains causing numerous diseases including different types of cancers.
“As a nation, we have to develop a strategic plan to deal with the post-covid crises. One of the strategies should focus on proper disposal of PPE waste including waste face masks.
If we take examples from the world, countries like China, Canada, Hong Kong, Japan have already identified face masks as an emerging waste category and place bins with a new colour code in public places to separate waste face masks from other type of waste at the point of generation. Incineration of waste face masks is a viable option. Incinerating means burning face masks at high temperatures greater than 1000-1200 centigrade in an incinerator or dumping them in a sanitary landfill after boiling or subjecting to a heat treatment. By practicing this kind of a waste management strategy, we can stop sending waste face masks into different eco-systems. As a nation, we should recognise the importance of waste face masks management by understanding waste face masks and other disposable PPEs as an emerging waste category and should make a waste management plan immediately without further delays. Making this effort a priority by allocating required resources is an investment. Otherwise, we will be desperately looking for solutions to reclaim degraded ecosystems as we drop our agricultural production, fisheries production, increment of vector-borne diseases and other non-communicable diseases, unknown ideologies, losing corals and biological diversity.
News
National Communication Programme for Child Health Promotion (SBCC) has been launched. – PM
Prime Minister Dr. Harini Amarasuriya stated that the Government has commenced necessary measures to maintain preschool education under a framework, align preschool education with a unified curriculum, conduct teacher training in a systematic manner, and ensure quality standards.
The Prime Minister made these remarks on Saturday (10) at the Temple Trees, participating in the launch of the National Communication Programme for Child Health Promotion, aimed at promoting social and behavioural change (SBCC) among early childhood children. The programme is jointly organized by the Health Promotion Bureau, the Ministry of Women and Child Affairs, the Ministry of Education, Higher Education and Vocational Education, UNICEF, and the Clean Sri Lanka Programme.
Addressing at the event, Prime Minister Dr. Harini Amarasuriya stated:
“Early Childhood Development (ECD) has a major impact on a country’s human development and future progress. It is a widely accepted fact that a child’s future depends largely on early childhood development. Many aspects essential for a child’s growth occur within the first five years of life. The experiences, care, and love a child receives during this period are decisive.
The social integration, relationships, and environmental influences experienced in early childhood form the foundation for shaping an individual as an adult. Early childhood development influences life to an extent that it becomes difficult to change when it grows into adulthood.
The responses of adults to children’s actions, the way they interact with them, and the care they provide are extremely important. Therefore, early childhood development should never be viewed as the sole responsibility of parents. It is a collective responsibility of all citizens.
No child can be raised into a good citizen by parents alone. In all our lives, beyond our parents, there have been many who influenced us, showed us love, and provided care. It is due to the collective support of all these individuals that we have reached where we are today. The government views child care as a social responsibility. Supporting a child, providing care, ensuring protection, education, and health facilities are social responsibilities. In this regard, the intervention of the Clean Sri Lanka Programme to communicate these values to the public is important.
The role of the preschool teachers plays a special and vital role for children. The love, care, attentive listening, and responses children receive during this stage are decisive for their development. Teachers carry out a crucial intervention in the lives of children. An education policy on early childhood development has been formulated, with UNICEF providing technical assistance. Steps are being taken to operate preschool education under a single framework, align it with a unified curriculum, systematically conduct teacher training, and ensure quality standards.
Recognising early childhood development as a specialised area within education, the Prime Minister affirmed that the relevant interventions will be made accordingly.
Addressing the event, Minister of Women and Child Affairs, Ms. Saroja Paulraj stated that the Ministry has identified the standardisation and development of early childhood development as a primary goal for the year 2026. She noted that children who leave the warmth of their mother’s embrace and father’s shoulder and come to preschool teachers expecting the same love and care from their teachers. Conveying that warmth through words and expressions is a responsibility entrusted to teachers. The love and safe environment children receive shape their ability to love the environment and respect others.
Minister of Health and Mass Media, Nalinda Jayatissa, also addressed the gathering, stating that the goal of the government is to build a beautiful future generation capable of leading the country, free from the various hardships and challenges faced today.
He emphasised that creating a healthy population is a challenge, particularly in preventing non-communicable diseases. Children aged three to five today will become a generation aged 18 to 20 by 2040. Continuous and comprehensive programmes such as this are essential to protect that generation from non-communicable diseases. In some instances, interventions are required even during the preconception and prenatal stages.
He further highlighted that preschool and early childhood development centre teachers shoulder a tremendous responsibility in driving a major transformation in the country’s future.
The event was attended by the Governor of the Sabaragamuwa Province, Ms. Champa Janaki Rajarathne; the Governor of the Uva Province, Attorney-at-Law Kapila Jayasekara; the Governor of the North Central Province, Wasantha Jinadasa; the Governor of the North Western Province, Thissa Kumarsiri Warnasuriya; the Deputy Minister of Women and Child Affairs, Dr. Namal Sudarshana; the Member of Parliament, Dr. Najith Indika; the Representative of the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) in Sri Lanka, Ms. Emma Brigham; the Secretary to the President, Dr. Nandika Sanath Kumanayake; the Senior Additional Secretary to the President (Finance and Economic Affairs), Mr. Russell Aponsu; the Additional Secretary to the President (Clean Sri Lanka), S. P. C. Sugishwara; Secretaries to Ministries; Provincial Chief Secretaries; the Commanders of the Tri-Forces; officials of subject-related ministries; provincial council officials; preschool teachers; preschool children; and parents.

(Prime Minister’s Media Division)
News
Level I landslide early warnings issued to the Districts of Badulla, Kandy, Matale and Nuwara-Eliya extended
The Landslide Early Warning Centre of the National Building Research Organization (NBRO) has extended the landslide early warnings issued to the Districts of Badulla, Kandy, Matale and Nuwara-Eliya till 1600hrs today (11).
Accordingly, the LEVEL I YELLOW early warnings issued to the Divisional Secetaries Divisions and surrounding areas of Lunugala, Meegahakiwula,Welimada, Kandaketiya, Hali_Ela, Badulla, Uva Paranagama in the Badulla district, Minipe and Ududumbara in the Kandy district, Wilgamuwa, Ukuwela, Ambanganga Korale, Rattota and Laggala_Pallegam in the Matale district, and Nildandahinna, Walapane, Mathurata and Hanguranketha in the Nuwara-Eliya district will be in force until 1600hrs today (11)
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Experts: NPP education reforms unsuitable for SL
Proposed education reforms have drawn sharp criticism from education professionals, teacher unions and student organisations, who warned on Thursday that the changes risk undermining child safety, widening inequality and imposing unaffordable costs on parents.
Addressing a press conference in Colombo, Dr Ayomi Irugalbandara of the Faculty of Education at the Open University of Sri Lanka said the proposed reforms appeared to be largely modelled on foreign education systems without adequate consideration of local realities.
She took particular issue with proposals to integrate social media use into the school curriculum, noting that several developed countries have moved in the opposite direction by preventing children under the age of 15 from accessing social media platforms.
“Most of these modules are not appropriate for this country,” Dr Irugalbandara said. “We warn parents that these reforms place children at risk.”
Concerns were also raised over digital content linked to the revised curriculum. Inter-University Students’ Federation Convener Madushan Chandrajith said the Grade Six Information and Communication Technology (ICT) module included QR codes that directed students to a controversial YouTube channel.
“Who will take responsibility for children accessing such content?” he asked, calling for clear accountability mechanisms for material linked through digital platforms used in schools.
Secretary of the Workers’ Struggle Centre, Duminda Nagamuwa, criticised the government’s approach to the reform process, comparing it to the fertiliser policy introduced under former President Gotabaya Rajapaksa. He alleged that the authorities were pushing ahead with education reforms despite opposition from academics, teachers and other stakeholders.
Nagamuwa also highlighted the economic burden on families, noting that Sri Lanka’s poverty rate had increased from 12.5 percent to 25 percent. He questioned how parents were expected to afford smartphones or tablet computers required for students to access QR code-linked educational content.
“The government is asking parents to bear costs they simply cannot afford,” he said.
Ceylon Teachers’ Union General Secretary Joseph Stalin said schools had already begun collecting money from parents in anticipation of the reforms, including funds to purchase smart boards.
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