Opinion
The UNHRC:
Is Heartfelt Reconciliation a Better Start?
by Dr D. CHANDRARATNA
‘We hear those distant drums-far away’ are the lyrics from a song by Jim Reeves, well known to the older generations in Sri Lanka. Likewise, twice a year the drum roll of the UNHRC is heard through the theatrics in Sri Lanka. There are arguments and counter arguments aired in the media, signalling the readiness to refresh allegations against Sri Lanka for the lapses in reconciliation and reparation.
Nothing is any different from the refrain we have heard many times before. Ordinary citizens are hardly bothered, because people are accustomed to UNHRC talk fests and seasoned to the fact that nothing of substance will happen. The cynicism is understandable, because human rights abuses in the world are many, and Sri Lanka, after terrorism is a tolerable place, and even noted as a cynosure for tourists. Compared to gross abuses in places such as Myanmar, Afghanistan, Libya, and glaring issues of forced labour, child exploitation and abuse in many countries, hunger and deprivation, inequity in vaccination places where the UNHRC is badly needed to give a voice to the victims. But UNHRC seems to be playing geo-politics at our expense.
But this essay is different. While the ideologues will dismiss it as nonsensical platitudes, yet I will argue that it has proved useful in history, and I am only suggesting to the protagonists on both sides to take stock of reality as ordinary folk see it, and plead with them to consider a different path in the reconciliation game.
The absolute necessity to change course
It was just two weeks ago that we celebrated 74th Independence Day, from colonial rule, but sadly not all communities did join. It is, therefore, understandable for civic minded Sri Lankans to be apprehensive about the future of a country, where even a national day does not bring people together. This is not unusual even in former colonies, and in a country such as Australia there still is a debate on these matters, with the First nation people and community leaders. The ULURU statement was drafted outside the political directorate seeking ways to reconcile with history with a heart-to-heart conversation; a heart-to-heart discourse based on morality and intelligent reasoning without politics and ideology. It is the starter for more complex policy issues to come in the fullness of time.
Sri Lanka is going through a rough time. Sadly, this is an understatement, and one of the reasons for our current state is the fact that post-independence history was riddled with conflict and tension, and one cannot predict how likely we will solve the myriad issues with any confidence. While the world is grappling with impending nuclear explosions, global climate change, infectious diseases and biological warfare, ours is more basic, in that we are a fractured nation, and all signs are that we are drifting further apart.
A divided country has no future other than as a parking lot for other nations. We all must recognize what a quagmire that we are in. Division, disunity after a multitude of commissions, consultations and five Presidents the chasm is ever widening. A multiethnic nation which is suspicious of other communities is living at the edge.
A fractured nation with warring communities is a potent danger, not so much in the physical sense. The enmity sown in the minds of the youth is so noxious that the nation has a split personality. A young person will not be able to see through this noxious poisonous mask ever, and I am not exaggerating. I’m sure even Sigmund Freud will concur with me. The distrust it creates can cause mayhem anytime. Just like religion the children will subliminally uptake the ‘other’ as the devil. What future are we thinking of? The older generation who did not differentiate one another on the factor of ethnicity, are either dead or in their sunset years. In a few years no one will be alive to teach them of the absolute beauty of unity in diversity.
In my Buddhist school Ananda, my adored teacher was the Tamil English Senior master and at Peradeniya it was Dr Wilson (Politics), Dr Stanley Thambiah (Sociology), and Dr Thambiah Pillai, our climatology guru. I still believe very strongly that Dr Wilson’s well researched text gave me a distinction in civics at the AL exam. We remember them with gratitude for what we have achieved in our lives. What a wonderful time it was to mix with friends from all ethnicities and particularly trips to Jaffna to spend the weekends with friends. How ashamed we were to harbour our own friends in our chummeries in Colombo come July 83.
The uselessness of praying for foreign God’s starting with UNHRC
The cacophony of noises made in preparation for the forthcoming UNHRC is a wasteful exercise. I know that the pundits will dismiss me, but they do not see the reality. Except for the civil society leaders and the politicians, no one gives a damn. The pin striped men and women will come and go, and at least the current regime will show some evidence to demonstrate what they do and disprove others. UNHRC which is wanted elsewhere, will meddle in our internal affairs outside their mandate. The ordinary people will harbour more grudges against one another, and innocent people in the NE will receive nothing because of an unruly political game. Given the geopolitical struggles we will be drawn in by default, because nonalignment these days is defined by George Bush’s dictum that’ ‘if you are not with us you are with the enemy’. The very young and those yet to be born will be brainwashed in their formative years.
There are numerous examples from other parts of the world, where a people’s convention and expert panels outside the political spectrum, will bring the communities together and give direction to the political directorate in different hues. It will be difficult for political leaders to ignore proposals coming from a people’s Convention. It can be the harbinger of Constitutional changes, Bills of Rights, legal frameworks for guaranteeing unity while allowing for diversity and devolution. Such a charter will provide a sense of safety and security for all. Most of all we can begin to trust our communities and their politics.
Otherwise, we are praying to world powers to kick this ethnic can down the road and they will, gladly. Their actions in the Middle East and some parts of Africa should forewarn us.
Questions about the place of ethnicity, language and religion must be resolved by compromise and goodwill, not through acrimonious adversarial posturing before legislation.
Conclusion
The time has come for all ethnicities to recognize the fact that beginnings of a reconciliation must come from a heart-to-heart conversation, and that there is no other solution. While acknowledging that there must be structural safeguards for all ethnicities, there must also be an overall peoples’ support to draft a lasting solution, without which the nation will not make much headway. Sri Lanka is stuck in this quagmire of commissions, international inquiries, accusations and counterclaims, appeals to foreign countries and old colonial masters, strategic interests etc. But in the eyes of the common folk these have not so far been successful and unlikely that they ever will. It does not mean that there is no community appetite for reconciliation and peaceful coexistence as to the way we were.
We belong to the most ancient orders of religion, which sheltered persecuted peoples in the past and still are fostering the grand remnants of those religions. Sectarianism, bigotry and fanaticism, and its modern-day variants, have filled the earth with violence and our soil is splattered with blood and the whole nation is in despair. I can only visualise where we would be among the nations in the world today if we had the good fortune, vision and courage to banish the uncharitable feelings against one another.
Wasn’t even Singapore envious of our potential at one time. We wasted that potential. We are awaiting the arrival of noble souls, large hearts and warm humility to change course; change course it must, lest we will be the poorest of nations, in spirit and matter, culturally and economically for ever more. Let us have a National Conversation.
Opinion
Luck knocks at your door every day
Some people seem to have been born lucky. Whatever they lay their hands on ends in success. They pass competitive examinations, find jobs and marry ideal partners. There are others who seem to be unlucky all the time. They fail examinations and remain unemployed. They also find it difficult to find their life partners. Nobody knows how this happens. However, serendipity is not a game of chance. Experts have identified certain habits that can set you all up for good fortune.
Jane (not her real name) after getting through her G.C.E. (Advanced Level) examination tried to find a job for several years. All her attempts ended in vain. Then she tried various other avenues to find her niche in life. One day she happened to attend a friend’s wedding at a five-star hotel. She observed how food had been laid out in a professional manner. Something clicked in her mind. “Can’t I become a chef?”
Thereafter she desperately tried to find a place to follow a course in culinary art. The course fees were very high and her parents could not afford them. One day, quite by chance, she met a chef working in a big hotel. She became friendly with him and expressed her desire to become a chef. The chef listened to her attentively and asked her to join his hotel as a kitchen helper. She accepted the offer and worked as a kitchen helper for a few years. Her enthusiasm and dedication to her duties impressed the management. She was appointed as a Commis Chef.
Kitchen brigade
She was happy to work as a junior, entry-level cook in a professional kitchen. She had to support senior chefs by performing basic food preparations, maintaining station cleanliness, organising stock and learning core culinary techniques. Although she had not followed any professional courses, Jane found herself on her way up the kitchen brigade often rotating through different sections to gain broad experience. After working there for a few years, she managed to join a leading tourist hotel in the Maldives. Her quest for excellence is not yet over. Jane is now planning to join a leading tourist hotel in Australia.
Some people say that kismet led Jane in her quest for becoming a chef. However, her openness to life’s quirky possibilities put her in the right place at the right time. Her success shows that luck is not something mysterious. To a very large extent, you are responsible for much of the good fortune that you encounter. This view has been confirmed by Richard Wiseman, a professor of psychology and the author of ‘The luck Factor.’
It is a fascinating exercise to delve into traits that separate fortunate people from the self-proclaimed unlucky souls. If you wish to succeed in life, always expect good things to happen. When you do so, the scales of serendipity tilt in your favour. In Wiseman’s words, “Their expectations become self-fulfilling prophecies.” In a study at New York University it was found that students who firmly believed that they would pass the final examination with flying colours significantly had excellent results.
Try your luck
The fact of self-assurance will motivate you to work hard. Never feel that you are unlucky. Some people complain that they never win lottery prizes and stop buying raffle tickets. Winning a prize from a raffle ticket happens by chance. If you do not buy them, you will never win a prize. Therefore, always try your luck with positive feelings.
If you look around, you will see that lucky people are surrounded by a lot of friends and acquaintances. Lucky people talk to lots of people and attract their attention and goodwill. This will create a network of like-minded people. Colleen Seifert, a cognitive scientist at the University of Michigan, advises people to get out of the everyday rut. Most people who do routine work find themselves in a rut. They should try to get out of it and do something different and profitable. One way is to follow a course of studies to hone your skills. Another method is to join an English-speaking club or Toastmasters Club. You can also join a library and start reading books on various subjects. When you do so, you will have a chance to encounter influential people. Such a meeting will be a turning point in your life.
Always think that there is a light at the end of the tunnel. In many bad situations there will be at least one good event. Learn how to embrace the unpredictable and engineer the unexpected. If you think you are a lucky person, you will transform a stumbling block into a positive event. Nobody can win any battle without making mistakes. Depend on your sixth sense or instinct before doing something important. Leaving a permanent and pensionable job may pose a big risk. However, if you do not take such a risk, you will not succeed in life. Many ordinary government employees have quit their jobs to become accountants, lawyers, judges and architects.
Sense of responsibility
Most successful people have a deep sense of responsibility for their thoughts and actions. It means you have to keep your word and be faithful to your family and self. Believe in what you do and work hard to achieve your goal. Such an attitude will set your own standards. In the meantime, stop comparing yourself with others who have succeeded in their chosen fields of activity. The wartime British Prime Minister Winston Churchill exemplified integrity and respect in the face of opposition. During his final years as the prime minister he attended an official function. Some people started whispering that he should step down as he was getting senile. When the ceremony was over, Churchill turned to the men who were whispering and said, “Gentlemen, they also say he is deaf!”
If you wish to win, take time to nurture others’ dreams. A wise man said, “If you want one year’s prosperity, grow grain. But if you want ten years’ prosperity, grow men and women.” On your way to success you cannot simply ignore others. Provide others with nutrients of gratitude and encouragement. When people around you succeed, you should feel happy.
Human life is full of ups and downs, disappointments and missed opportunities. The pages of history are full of heroic stories of undaunted men and women who had triumphed over disabilities and adversities. Draw inspiration from their victorious spirit. We live in a highly competitive and goal-oriented world. Everybody is seeking instant success. Get involved in something bigger than yourself. Work towards your goal in a spirit of excellence.
The Chinese call luck an opportunity and they say it knocks every day at your door. Some people hear it, but others do not. It is not enough to hear the opportunity to knock at your door. You must let it in, greet it and make friends with it to work together. All the fruits of success will be yours then.
karunaratners@gmail.com
By R. S. Karunaratne
Opinion
Conference “Microfinance and Credit Regulatory Authority Bill: Neither Here, Nor There”
January 21 | Olympus Auditorium, Bandaranaike Centre for International Studies (BCIS)
The National Collective of Community Savings and Credit Services Providers organised the conference “Microfinance and Credit Regulatory Authority Bill: Neither Here, Nor There” on January 21 at the Olympus Auditorium, Bandaranaike Centre for International Studies (BCIS), BMICH, to foreground the community savings and credit services as an alternative credit practice to moneylending and microfinance. While underscoring the uniqueness of community credit practices, grounded in collective rights, solidarity, mutual aid, the non-hierarchical nature of organising and long years of practice, community credit providers opposed the Asian Development Bank (ADB)-Treasury-CBSL attempt to subsume the community credit model under moneylending and microfinance in the proposed Microfinance and Credit Regulatory Authority Bill. Over 200 community credit practitioners from more than 50 community organisations from Mannar, Kilinochchi, Jaffna, Mullaitivu, Batticaloa, Anuradhapura, Polonnaruwa, Badulla, Rathnapura, and Hambanthota had gathered at the conference.
M. K. Jayathissa, a farmer leader from Hingurakgoda, Polonnaruwa, explained the microfinance crisis as resulting from the microfinancialisation of rural credit and the targeting of low-income women. He recalled his role in the farmers’ struggle against debt during the 1990s. Jayathissa linked the microfinance crisis among women and the farmers’ debt crisis to a wider crisis in food production.
Renuka Bhadrakanthi, chairperson of the Ekabaddha Praja Sanwardhana Kantha Maha Sangamaya, Weligepola, shared her three decades of experience as a community practitioner. She showed how the community credit framework helped women build assets and wealth through small savings. Unlike market-based initiatives such as microfinance and moneylending, community-controlled credit systems empowered women both with agency and material capabilities. Renuka also noted the regional diversity in organisational frameworks and credit purposes. She stressed the need for vigilance and action now, as globalisation and neoliberalism drive economic reforms aimed at capturing community wealth and making people dependent on the market.
Rajeswary Sritharan from Yuhashakthi, Mullaitivu, brought in experiences from war-torn societies. Yuhashakthi and Mahashakthi networks, operating in the Northern and Eastern provinces and comprising more than 10,000 women members, were created during the civil war to support women’s ability to control the household economy. These two networks have proven resilience against war-related dispossession and loss while also strengthening women. Rajeswary contended that self-help community credit groups are informal and unregulated, revealing that societies are governed by a collective ethos, community audits, and democratic decision-making, ensuring transparency and accountability. She pointed out that community groups do not have a history of bringing their members before the police or courts when they fail to service their debts, unlike microfinance companies. She also raised the significance of community groups such as Yuhashakthi and Mahashakthi as first responders in times of crisis, even as recently as with Ditwah, intervening and assisting affected communities much before the government could.
- Suneth Aruna Kumara
- Pubudu Manohara
- M K Jayathissa
Suneth Aruna Kumara, representing Vimukthi Gami Gowi Kantha Samithiya, Hingurakgoda, Polonnaruwa and also speaking on behalf of the microfinance-affected women, highlighted the creative space that collective forms of association have opened up for microfinance victims. “People who were hiding, afraid of debt collectors, are trying to rebuild their lives autonomously,” he said. In this journey, women are rethinking the meaning of credit, whether it is possible to create credit mechanisms that do not rely on interest income, and imaginative ways of decommodifying community relations. Suneth emphasised that women’s initiatives are emerging from their lived experiences as debtors, exploited by predatory interest rates and violent recovery practices. As a victim himself, Suneth criticised the proposed regulatory Bill for failing to adequately safeguard microfinance and credit consumers by providing legally binding safeguards. According to Suneth, the proposed Bill does not guarantee that the microfinance crisis will not recur.
Another highlight of the conference was the sharing of experiences by Malaihaya women, presented by Letchumanan Kamaleswary from the Centre for Equality and Justice. Kamaleswary described debt as ever-present in the Malaiyaha community. It forced migration from South India and kept people captive as plantation labour for over 200 years. Although the plantation management restricts all community associations within the plantations, microfinance companies can enter and operate freely. Debt is so severe that most Malaiyaha women work past their retirement age.
- Renuka Bhadrakanthi
- Rajeswary Sritharan
Pubudu Manohara, from the Rural Development Foundation in Hambanthota, traced the history of community credit projects to various state poverty alleviation programmes since 1977. These projects, affiliated with governments and supported by international groups such as the World Bank and UNDP, have survived many national and local crises. Over time, however, both the government and international organisations like the ADB have become wary of people’s ability to save. “They are afraid of our ability to create community funds,” he said.
The discussion emphasised that mobilising community groups and local political leaders is essential to oppose the Bill in its current form. Concerns arose about the negative impact of heavy regulations on community organisations and women’s resilience. “Domestic violence is rooted in economic violence. The destruction of community organisations will have a direct effect on local development and local economic activities. That will also burden the government,” said a Yuhashakthi representative from Mullathivu.
Community organisers urged the government to consult directly with them when developing regulations, emphasising that new rules should protect and strengthen community-based initiatives rather than respond to external pressures. They argued that the ADB, having promoted commercialisation of microfinance and contributed to the resulting crisis, lacks the legal and ethical standing to advocate for regulatory frameworks. Instead of receiving directives from the International Financial Institutions (IFIs), the government should converse with the grassroots communities, devising homegrown developmental solutions to regenerate local economies, empower the most vulnerable and build community wealth, the community organisers stressed.
Opinion
A puppet show?
After jog for the camera, wearing shorts in Jaffna, thanks to the freedom gained by the country being liberated from the clutches of the Tigers by the valiant efforts led by Mahinda Rajapaksa, President Anura Kumara Dissanayaka, said: “Some come past Sri Maha Bodhi and other Buddhist temples all the way to Jaffna to observe Sil, not to spread compassion but hatred.” When the need of the hour is reconciliation what an outrageous statement that was, to be made by the head of state! Will he say that the people of the North and the East bypass many Kovils straddling the area and come to Kataragama to spread hate? Probably not! His claim has become a hot topic of conversation.
Having lost a majority of the votes garnered from the North at the presidential and parliamentary elections, to the Tamil nationalist parties at the local government elections, President Dissanayake’s claim may well have been a pitiful attempt to recover lost ground in the North. But at what cost?
It all started with AKD’s refusal to refer to those brave service personnel who saved the unity and the integrity of the country as Rana Viruwo. Interestingly, the most devastating rebuke for this came from a Tamil MP, who is an avowed admirer of Prabhakaran, stating in Parliament that a Sinhala Rana Viruwa saved his life when he was about to be washed off in the flood waters resulting from Cyclone Ditwah. He teased the government by asking in ‘raw’ Sinhala Ei umbalata lejjada unta Rana Viruwo kiyanna? (Are you shy to call them war heroes?)
In addition to slinging mud at MR and harassing service personnel, there is no doubt whatsoever that AKD’s government is trying to harass any Tamil politicians who helped eradicate the Tigers. This fact is borne out by the treatment meted out to Douglas Devananda. Shamindra Ferdinando has explained this in his article, “EPDP’s Devananda and missing weapons supplied by Army” (The Island, 7 January).
NPP ministers publicly insult Buddhist monks, but whenever they are in trouble, they rush to Kandy to meet the Maha Nayakas, the latest being Harini’s visit. Instead of admitting the mistake and trying to make amends, the government went on, until it realised the futility in trying to justify the ‘Buddy’ episode. Excuses given by Harini to the Maha Nayakas, to say the least, were laughable. She had the audacity to say that though the questionable web link was printed in the textbook there were no instructions to click on it! She may continue as Prime Minister but can anyone who does not know what to do with a link or who is trying to encourage ten-year-olds to have e-buddies when the rest of the world is heading towards banning 16-year-olds from social media, continue to be the Minister of Education?
Number of MOUs/pacts signed with India, including defence, have not yet been disclosed even to Parliament. The Cabinet Spokesman once stated that the contents of those MOUs/pacts could not be divulged without the consent of India. Interestingly, we have had very frequent visits from VVIP politicians and top government officials from India, some at very short notice. One of them referred to these as ‘usual’ ones! However, what is unusual is that a party that shed a lot of blood of Sri Lankans for even selling ‘Bombay’ onions, is now in government and seems under Indian command. Perhaps, its transformation occurred when India sponsored a visit by AKD in early 2024, which helped him secure the presidency. Among the NPP’s election pledges, the most touted one was to reveal the mastermind behind the Easter Sunday attacks. It has been alleged in some quarters that India was behind the attacks. The NPP government’s silence about this speaks volumes!
It has transpired recently that it was Indian High Commissioner Gopal Baglay who pressured Speaker Mahinda Yapa Abeywardena in July 2022 to take over the presidency after the elected President was toppled by protesters, but many believe that it was a joint effort by the Indian HC and the ‘Viceroy’ who just left, after an overstay! It is an illegal act as pointed out in the editorial “Conspiracy to subvert constitutional order” (The Island, 22 January) and may be investigated by a future government, if elections are not postponed forever!
We seem to be watching a puppet show where many puppeteers outside are pulling the strings! Are we paying the price for electing a bunch of inexperienced politicians?
By Dr Upul Wijayawardhana ✍️
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