News
Expert urges govt. to take urgent and decisive action to safeguard country’s ownership over Afanasy Nikitin Seamount
By Rathindra Kuruwita
The International Seabed Authority (ISBA) does not have the authority to permit India to explore the Afanasy Nikitin Seamount, Rear Admiral (retd.) Y. N. Jayarathna, former Chief Hydrographer and former Deputy Chief of Staff of the Navy, says.
According to Jayarathna, Sri Lanka’s claim to this area, established in 2009, should be upheld.
Speaking to The Island, yesterday, Jayaratne urged the Sri Lankan government to take immediate and decisive action to safeguard the nation’s oceanic resources. Pointing out that everything in the country from agricultural to energy was heavily reliant on the sea, he called for greater attention from Sri Lankan political leaders to these vital resources.
Jayarathna made these remarks in response to the controversy surrounding India’s bid to conduct research at the Afanasy Nikitin Seamount, which Sri Lanka claims as part of its continental shelf. The Afanasy Nikitin Seamount is a vast undersea mountain range stretching 400 km long and 150 kilometers wide, situated in the equatorial Indian Ocean. There is speculation that the area may hold deposits of cobalt worth up to USD 80 billion.
“Seamounts are formed when two oceanic plates collide, causing magma to rise from the descending plate and resulting in eruptions that can create seamounts and islands. These seamounts are rich in minerals with significant economic value. Therefore, asserting sovereignty over the seabed is crucial,” Jayaratne explained.
Jayarathna noted that the Afanasy Nikitin Seamount had been discovered by Soviet researchers in 1959 during the International Indian Ocean Expedition. This large-scale, multinational hydrographic survey of the Indian Ocean ran from September 1, 1959, to December 31, 1965, and was aimed at understanding the fundamental features of the ocean.
“If a country discovers something while exploring the ocean floor, it has the right to name it. The Soviets chose to name the seamount after a Russian explorer who was one of the first Europeans to travel to and document his visit to India,” he said.
“No one can conduct explorations or expeditions in the Indian Ocean, particularly in the Northern region, without considering Sri Lanka,” Jayaratne said, adding that Sri Lanka could participate in those explorations.
“Other countries are investing in the exploration of the Indian Ocean floor, which is why research vessels spend months in the region. It would be beneficial for us to be involved in these expeditions, as it would allow our researchers to gain exposure to new technologies, methodologies, and invaluable experience,” Jayaratne added. He said that marine science research and resource identification of the seabed were closely linked, and that exploration in the Indian Ocean is now influenced by geopolitics.
“Sri Lanka ratified the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) in July 1994. Out of the 183 countries that signed the agreement, 169 have ratified it. Sri Lankan top diplomat Shirley Amerasinghe was a key leader in the negotiations to draft UNCLOS,” Jayarathna noted.
While drafting UNCLOS, Amerasinghe recognised that the provisions on the delimitation of the continental shelf in Article 76 of the draft convention could potentially lead to unfair outcomes for Sri Lanka’s continental shelf. To address this, Sri Lanka successfully negotiated a fair solution, which is now reflected in the “Statement of Understanding concerning a specific method to be used in establishing the outer edge of the continental margin” (SoU). This statement was adopted by consensus during the 141st Plenary Meeting of the Conference on August 29, 1980, and is referenced in paragraph 3(1)(a) of Annex II (Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf) of the 1982 UNCLOS.
“Building on this, we submitted our claims for an extended Continental Shelf in 2009, which includes the Afanasy Nikitin Seamount. However, in recent years, regional powers have been attempting to encroach upon these claimed areas,” Jayaratne said, noting that the United Nations Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf (CLCS) and the International Seabed Authority (ISBA) had been established under UNCLOS. The ISBA oversees ocean floor areas that are not recognised as belonging to any specific country.
“Countries with the necessary technology can apply to the ISBA for permission to explore these areas. When submitting an application, a deposit is required. In March 2024, India followed this process by placing a $500,000 deposit with the ISBA and requesting permission to explore the Afanasy Nikitin Seamount for 15 years. However, since Sri Lanka has claimed this area, the ISBA does not have the authority to grant India permission to explore it,” he said.
Jayarathna noted that only a few countries had the capability to excavate minerals from the ocean floor due to the high costs involved. India’s request for exploration was driven by geopolitical motives, he added.
“We are aware that Chinese ships are exploring various parts of the Indian Ocean floor. If they were to discover a new feature and name it after a Chinese explorer, India wouldn’t like this,” he said.
Jayaratne emphasised that Sri Lanka must respond promptly to these developments. Although Sri Lanka may lack the technology and financial resources to compete with major players in the Indian Ocean, it could still serve as a visionary leader in this arena.
News
SJB: Govt. trying to reappoint Jayakody, who resigned from Cabinet amidst coal scam
Marikkar claims coal losses more than twice Treasury bond scam
By Shamindra Ferdinando
The SJB has accused the NPP government of trying to create an environment conducive for the re-appointment of Kumara Jayakody who resigned on 17 April 2026 over a coal scam perpetrated in 2025.
Colombo District MP S.M. Marikkar Tuesday (13) alleged that Jayakody’s successor Anura Karunathilaka was spearheading the efforts at the behest of President Anura Kumara Dissanayake.
Addressing the media at the Opposition leader’s Office at No. 30, Sir Marcus Fernando Mawatha, Colombo 07, Marikkar said that the NPP was busy propagating a lie that the losses amounting to Rs 15.68 bn could be entirely recovered by way of penalties and funds held as deposits in line with the supplier. The Opposition MP placed the amount held by the government at Rs 16.48 bn.
Marrikar claimed that the NPP’s propaganda project to whitewash Jayakody was meant to bring Jayakody back into the Cabinet of ministers in January next year. The top SJB spokesman said that the findings of the Sectoral Oversight Committee (SOC) on Infrastructure and Strategic Development report on the losses suffered by the use of substandard coal had been used to back the government move.
The inquiry was held into procurement for 2025/2026 seasons made from Trident Chemphar, an Indian company whose selection was questioned by the National Audit Office in a special report submitted to parliament before the vote on no faith motion against Jayakody.
Marikkar said that the NPP in its haste to build a case for Jayakody’s return to the cabinet had conveniently forgotten that six of the 25 shiploads of coal ordered from Trident Chemphar were never delivered. In a desperate bid to cover the shortfall, the government paid Rs. 2,284 million above the market price in emergency procurement. As the SOC had rejected the tests conducted by an Indian company and ordered fresh tests on substandard coal, an additional Rs 26.6 mn had been paid to an Australian lab, MP Marikkar said, explaining other losses caused by the corrupt deal.
Marrikar explained how the procurement of substandard coal altogether cost the taxpayer nearly Rs 20 bn while the government engaged in a project to clear Jayakody. The former minister is also indicted in the Colombo High Court in an earlier corruption case.
Marrikar emphasized that the government should accept responsibility. Comparing the action taken in respect of 2015 and 2016 Treasury bond scams and the coal scam, MP Marikkar said that the losses caused by Trident Chemphar fraud was double the Treasury bond scam. A future government would investigate the coal scam and punish all those responsible. The NPP under any circumstances couldn’t bring back Jayakody to the cabinet as he was directly responsible for the fraud, the Colombo District lawmaker said.
At the time the UNP perpetrated Treasury bond scams, Marikkar represented the UNP parliamentary group which made desperate bids to protect the bond thieves.
The SJBer refused to answer questions regarding any other issue. Marikkar reacted angrily when a journalist sought to raise a group of SJB MPs meeting the Most Ven Thibbatuwawe Sri Sumangala Mahanayake Thera of the Malwathu Chapter in Kandy. Then the MP accused a section of the media of trying to suppress the coal scam by raising other issues. Marrikar vowed that they wouldn’t allow Jayakody’s return to the cabinet. The NPP government’s reputation had been devastated by the coal scam and current efforts to cover up the direct involvement of Minister Jayakody would not succeed, he said, warning the NPP should be prepared to face the consequences.
News
India busts Pakistani salt smuggling via Sri Lanka
India’s Directorate of Revenue Intelligence (DRI) has busted a transnational smuggling network that illegally imported more than 7,300,000 kilos of Pakistan-origin rock salt by routing shipments through Sri Lanka and using forged trade documents to conceal their origin, India Today reported yesterday.
Four people had been arrested in connection with the case, the Ministry of Finance said on Wednesday.
Under Operation Deep Manifest, the DRI detected 295 containers carrying 7,311 metric tons of industrial and Himalayan rock salt, with an estimated value of Rs. 104.5 million in Sri Lankan currency.
The consignments were routed through Colombo port in Sri Lanka, while fabricated certificates of origin and invoices issued by United Arab Emirates-based entities were allegedly used to disguise the goods as originating elsewhere.
The imports violated India’s prohibition on goods originating in or exported from Pakistan, the ministry said.
Acting on specific intelligence, the DRI conducted a coordinated operation between September 26 and October 11, searching premises linked to the suspected network in Gandhidham, Adipur, Veraval, Panipat, Pune, Patiala, Delhi and Mumbai.
The investigation found that nine importers had brought in the 295 containers through Mundra and Kandla ports since March 2026.
Of the total consignments detected, five containers carrying 140 metric tons of industrial and Himalayan rock salt, valued at Rs. 8.48 million in Sri Lankan currency, were seized at Kandla port. The agency also seized sales proceeds worth Rs. 7.3 million in Sri Lankan currency held in the importers’ bank accounts.
News
Monks brave heavy rains to press for Gnanasara Thera’s release
… stage sit-in protest near Presidential Secretariat
by Nishan S. Priyantha
Buddhist monks who marched to Colombo demanding the release of imprisoned Ven. Galagoda Aththe Gnanasara Thera continued their sit-in protest outside the Presidential Secretariat yesterday, as discussions between their representatives and Presidential Secretary Dr. Nandika Sanath Kumanayake were underway.
The protesting monks said they would not leave the site until the authorities gave a positive response to their demand for the release of Gnanasara Thera. The discussions were continuing at the time this edition went to press.
The monks arrived in Colombo despite heavy rain, completing the six-day “Nidahase Pada Yathra” (Freedom March), which began in Kandy on October 10. The final leg of the march commenced from Kadawatha yesterday morning, proceeding through Kiribathgoda, Peliyagoda, Maligawatta and Maradana before reaching the area near the Presidential Secretariat at Galle Face.
Ven. Ulapane Sumangala Thera, commenting on the protest, urged the government to take immediate steps to secure Gnanasara Thera’s release, saying the participating monks expected a favourable response to their demand.
“Today is our final day. The Maha Sangha came from all four directions not to return empty-handed. We strongly urge the government to grant freedom to Gnanasara Thera, which is the expectation of all, including the respected chief prelates,” he said.
Ven. Sumangala Thera said the monks were prepared to meet President Anura Kumara Dissanayake at any location designated by him, including Pelawatte, Parliament or the President’s House.
“We are waiting to receive that message. If that does not happen, we are prepared to come wherever the President is. We are prepared to settle this matter one way or another today,” he said, warning that if their peaceful appeals continued to go unanswered, the monks would consider alternative ways of conveying their demands to the government.
The march, which began in Kandy on October 10, passed through Kadugannawa, Kegalle, Warakapola and Nittambuwa before reaching Kadawatha on October 14. The procession was organised to demand the release of Gnanasara Thera and advocate for the religious rights of Buddhist monks.
Heavy police security was deployed around the Presidential Secretariat and nearby roads as the monks gathered in the area. Galle Road near the Secretariat was also closed to traffic during the march.
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