News
Unusual molecule found in atmosphere on Saturn’s moon Titan
Saturn’s largest moon, Titan, is the only moon in our solar system that has a thick atmosphere. It’s four times denser than Earth’s. And now, scientists have discovered a molecule in it that has never been found in any other atmosphere, CNN has reported.
The particle is called cyclopropenylidene, or C3H2, and it’s made of carbon and hydrogen. This simple carbon-based molecule could be a precursor that contributes to chemical reactions that may create complex compounds. And those compounds could be the basis for potential life on Titan, the CNN report says.
The molecule was first noticed as researchers used the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array of telescopes in Chile. This radio telescope observatory captures a range of light signatures, which revealed the molecule among the unique chemistry of Titan’s atmosphere.
The study published earlier this month in the Astronomical Journal.
“When I realized I was looking at cyclopropenylidene, my first thought was, ‘Well, this is really unexpected,’” said lead study author Conor Nixon, planetary scientist at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, in a statement.
Cyclopropenylidene has been detected elsewhere across our galaxy, mainly in molecular clouds of gas and dust including the Taurus Molecular Cloud. This cloud, where stars are born, is located 400 light-years away in the Taurus constellation. In these clouds, temperatures are too cold for many chemical reactions to occur.
Cyclopropenylidene has now been detected only in the Taurus Molecular Cloud and in the atmosphere of Titan.
But finding it in an atmosphere is a different story. This molecule can react easily when it collides with others to form something new. The researchers were likely able to spot it because they were looking through the upper layers of Titan’s atmosphere, where the molecule has fewer gases it can interact with.
“Titan is unique in our solar system,” Nixon said. “It has proved to be a treasure trove of new molecules.”
Cyclopropenylidene is the second cyclic or closed-loop molecule detected at Titan; the first was benzene in 2003. Benzene is an organic chemical compound composed of carbon and hydrogen atoms. On Earth, benzene is found in crude oil, is used as an industrial chemical and occurs naturally in the wake of volcanoes and forest fires.
Cyclic molecules are crucial because they form the backbone rings for the nucleobases of DNA, according to NASA.
“The cyclic nature of them opens up this extra branch of chemistry that allows you to build these biologically important molecules,” said study coauthor Alexander Thelen, an astrobiologist at Goddard, in a statement.
When the researchers discovered cyclopropenylidene in Titan’s atmosphere, they looked over data captured by NASA’s Cassini mission. The spacecraft performed 127 close flybys of Titan between 2004 and 2017. Cassini’s mass spectrometer detected a chemical signature of the same molecule, the researchers found.
“It’s a very weird little molecule, so it’s not going be the kind you learn about in high school chemistry or even undergraduate chemistry,” said c. Malaska was not involved with this study, but he researches Titan.
“Every little piece and part you can discover can help you put together the huge puzzle of all the things going on there.”
And discovering cyclopropenylidene on Titan adds to the moon’s intrigue.
News
Plans for 2026 on the journey towards a digital economy Under President’s review
A discussion to review the progress of projects implemented under the Ministry of Digital Economy in 2025 and to examine new projects planned to be implemented under the 2026 budgetary allocations was held on Monday (19) morning at the Presidential Secretariat under the patronage of the Minister of Digital Economy, President Anura Kumara Dissanayake.
Special attention was paid to the plans and progress of programmes to promote a cashless economy.
Accordingly, an extensive discussion was held on the progress of projects planned by the Government to promote a cashless economy in Sri Lanka, including the digitalisation of government institutions, promotion of QR transactions, establishment of a Cloud infrastructure centre, a national programme to provide high-speed broadband facilities, provision of single-window facilities, the digital identity card project and the project to digitalise payment of traffic spot fines.
Noting that much of the economic activity of rural communities remains in the informal sector, the President emphasised the need to formally document these activities and stressed that this is essential when formulating future economic and development plans.
The performance, progress and future plans of institutions under the Ministry of Digital Economy, including Sri Lanka CERT, the Data Protection Authority and the Telecommunications Regulatory Commission (TRC), were also reviewed.
The current status and new recruitments of the GovTech institution, established to implement the Government’s digitalisation programme, were also discussed.
Deputy Minister of Digital Economy, Eranga Weeraratne, Secretary to the President, Dr. Nandika Sanath Kumanayake, Senior Presidential Adviser on Digital Economy, Dr. Hans Wijayasuriya, Senior Additional Secretary to the President, Roshan Gamage, Secretary to the Ministry of Digital Economy, Varuna Sri Dhanapala, senior officials of the Ministry and heads of institutions under the Ministry also participated in the discussion.
News
Power sector reforms: CEB trade unions threaten strike
A simmering confrontation between the government and the powerful Ceylon Electricity Board (CEB) trade unions intensified yesterday, with the latter signalling continued industrial action, even as authorities moved decisively to prevent any disruption to electricity supply.
The dispute centres on the government’s determination to restructure and unbundle the CEB under amendments to the Electricity Act, a reform drive officials describe as unavoidable to curb losses, strengthen governance and stabilise the national power sector. This has also been a long-standing demand of international donors, particularly the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank.
Some 24 CEB unions, including powerful engineers’ and workers’ organisations, have rejected the move, warning that the proposed restructuring could weaken institutional coordination, undermine job security and eventually place additional pressure on consumers.
Union representatives said work-to-rule campaigns and other limited forms of industrial action would continue, despite electricity services being declared an essential service — a legal measure that effectively curtails full-scale strike action.
“These reforms are being imposed without proper consultation. Decisions taken in haste could have serious consequences for grid stability and public confidence,” a senior union official told The Island.
The government, however, has adopted a firm posture, cancelling all categories of leave for CEB staff and directing management to ensure uninterrupted operations across generation, transmission and distribution.
A senior official at the Power and Energy Ministry said the administration would not allow labour unrest to jeopardise electricity supply, stressing that energy security was central to economic recovery.
“Electricity is a critical public service. Any attempt to disrupt supply will be dealt with firmly,” the official said.
Engineers’ unions have separately cautioned that restructuring without a clearly articulated technical and regulatory framework could compromise long-term planning and system reliability, though they have stopped short of calling for an outright shutdown.
Despite ongoing discussions between union leaders, CEB management and government representatives, there is no indication of an early resolution, raising the prospect of a prolonged standoff at one of the country’s most strategically important state institutions.
The dispute unfolds amid Sri Lanka’s IMF-backed reform programme, under which state-owned enterprises — particularly in the energy sector — are under increasing pressure to reduce losses and ease the burden on public finances.
Analysts warn that sustained unrest at the CEB could complicate reform timelines and dent investor confidence, even as the government seeks to signal policy resolve.
A retired CEB top official said: “For now, while major strike action remains legally constrained, the confrontation has once again placed the power sector at the centre of national debate, with consumers and businesses watching closely for any fallout.”
By Ifham Nizam ✍️
News
Dumbara Prison being expanded to accommodate nearly 30,000
Of over 37,000 held in country’s prisons, nearly 27,000 are suspects
Dumbara Prison built to accommodate 699 persons is now being expanded to hold 2,900 persons. At the moment, Dumbara Prison holds 2,246 men and women – a staggering 1,547 individuals more than its maximum capacity. Of the 2,246 persons held there, 107 are females.
This was revealed when Justice and National Integration Minister Harshana Nanayakkara responded to a query posed by Samagi Jana Balawegaya (SJB) lawmaker Chamindrani Kiriella, in Parliament yesterday (20).
The Kandy district SJB MP raised a spate of questions regarding the current status of prisons with the focus on how the NPP government intended to address the growing congestion within prisons.
The Minister explained that a major building project was now underway to expand Dumbara Prison, situated at Pallekelle, to accommodate 2,500 men and 400 women.
According to Attorney-at-Law Nanayakkara, the proposed Dumbara Prison complex would include 102 housing units for prison personnel.
The Parliament was told that the entire project would cost the taxpayer a staggering Rs 4.3 bn and that Engineering Consultants (Pvt.) Limited (ECL) was responsible for planning and supervision.
The project was progressing and by January 4, 2026, a substantial part of the complex had been built and 2146 inmates already accommodated.
The Minister said that the facility was to accommodate those who were previously held at Nuwara and Bogambara Prisons.
Of some 37,761 held at various prisons, about 27,000 were suspects, the Parliament was told.
MP Kiriella urged Minister Nanayakkara to consider an arrangement, similar to that of South Africa where those languishing in prisons, due to the inability to pay fines, received the required financial assistance from a special fund created for that purpose.
While appreciating the SJB’ers proposal, Minister Nanayakkara said that during 2025, 17,000 persons hadn’t been remanded as part of the government response to overcome overcrowding in prisons. They were being held under supervision, the Minister said.
Minister Nanayakkara said that the primary reason for the congestion was the significant number of those remanded on narcotics-related charges. Of the over 37,000 held in prisons about 30,000 were those who had been arrested on narcotics-related offences, the Minister said. According to the Minister, delay on the part of the Government Analyst’s Department in furnishing relevant reports had created a crisis and action was being taken to recruit 82 persons to that Department. The idea was to establish a system to secure GA reports within three months, the Minister said.
By Shamindra Ferdinando ✍️
-
Editorial3 days agoIllusory rule of law
-
News4 days agoUNDP’s assessment confirms widespread economic fallout from Cyclone Ditwah
-
Business6 days agoKoaloo.Fi and Stredge forge strategic partnership to offer businesses sustainable supply chain solutions
-
Editorial4 days agoCrime and cops
-
Features3 days agoDaydreams on a winter’s day
-
Editorial5 days agoThe Chakka Clash
-
Features3 days agoSurprise move of both the Minister and myself from Agriculture to Education
-
Features2 days agoExtended mind thesis:A Buddhist perspective
