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Substantial air pollution flows across borders in South Asia: WB
ISLAMABAD:A new World Bank report has highlighted that substantial air pollution flows across borders in South Asia based on the wind direction.
“Under the predominant wind direction from the northwest to the southeast, 30 per cent of the air pollution in the Indian state of Punjab comes from Punjab Province in Pakistan and, on average, 30 per cent of the air pollution in the largest cities of Bangladesh (Dhaka, Chittagong, and Khulna) originates in India,” the ‘Striving for Clean Air: Air Pollution and Public Health in South Asia’ report says, adding that during parts of the year, substantial pollution flows in the other direction across borders.
It identifies six major airsheds in South Asia where spatial interdependence in air quality is high. An airshed is the volume over an area of land in which airborne chemicals travel to reach a particular river, lake, bay, or other body of water given the area of the land surface.
Further airsheds in Pakistan where spatial interdependence in air quality is high are the northern/central Indus River plain and south Pakistan located in southern Indus plain.
According to the report released on Wednesday, although air pollution travels far in South Asia, it does not uniformly disperse over the continent, but gets trapped in large airsheds.
The report says accounting for the interdependence in air quality within airsheds in South Asia is necessary when weighing alternative pathways for pollution control and analysed four alternative pathways for reducing air pollution in South Asia.
South Asia is home to nine of the world’s 10 cities with the worst air pollution, which causes an estimated two million premature deaths across the region each year and incurs significant economic costs. There are economically feasible, cost-effective solutions to achieve clean air in the region, but this requires countries to coordinate policies and investments, the report says.
It says concentrations of fine particulate matter such as soot and small dust in some of the region’s most densely populated and poor areas are up to 20 times higher than what WHO considers healthy.Large industries, power plants and vehicles are dominant sources of air pollution around the world, but in South Asia, other sources make substantial additional contributions.
These include combustion of solid fuels for cooking and heating, emissions from small industries such as brick kilns, burning of municipal and agricultural waste, and cremation.The report says regional cooperation could help implement cost-effective joint air pollution strategies that leverage spatial interdependence in air quality. (Dawn)
Latest News
Heat Index at Caution Level in the Sabaragamuwa, North-western and North-central provinces and in Colombo, Gampaha, Vavuniya, Mannar, Hambantota and Monaragala districts
Warm Weather Advisory issued by the Natural Hazards Early Warning Centre of the Department of Meteorology at 3.30 p.m. on 07 March 2026, valid for 08 March 2026.
Heat index, the temperature felt on human body is likely to increase up to ‘Caution level’ at some places in the Sabaragamuwa, North-western and North-central provinces and in Colombo, Gampaha, Vavuniya, Mannar, Hambantota and Monaragala districts
The Heat Index Forecast is calculated by using relative humidity and maximum temperature and this is the condition that is felt on your body. This is not the forecast of maximum temperature. It is generated by the Department of Meteorology for the next day period and prepared by using global numerical weather prediction model data.

Effect of the heat index on human body is mentioned in the above table and it is prepared on the advice of the Ministry of Health and Indigenous Medical Services.
ACTION REQUIRED
Job sites: Stay hydrated and takes breaks in the shade as often as possible.
Indoors: Check up on the elderly and the sick.
Vehicles: Never leave children unattended.
Outdoors: Limit strenuous outdoor activities, find shade and stay hydrated.
Dress: Wear lightweight and white or light-colored clothing.
Note:
In addition, please refer to advisories issued by the Disaster Preparedness & Response Division, Ministry of Health in this regard as well. For further clarifications please contact 011-7446491.
News
Lanka tea industry may lose $ 10-15 mn per week from ME war
The ongoing military conflict in the Middle East has adversely impacted on the Sri Lankan tea industry as the exporters are unable to supply tea to the region. The exporters estimate the revenue loss at about $ 10-15 million per week. The exporters have orders in hand for supply of tea and it is the logistical issues and war risk preventing them fulfilling such orders, the Tea Exporters Association (TEA) said in a statement.
“In order to mitigate the impact on the industry, the tea industry has jointly requested the government to support it in addressing the cash flow issue and consider absorbing a part of the additional freight and insurance charges. It has also requested government intervention to obtain the balance payment of about $ 50 million due on tea shipments already made to Iran under the barter deal,” TEA said on Friday.
The statement said approximately 52% of Sri Lanka’s tea exports reach the affected region mainly coming from the low grown area of the country dominated by tea smallholder farmers. According to 2025 tea export statistics, about 125 million kilograms of Ceylon tea were exported to the Middle East, with an estimated value of USD 750 million. The major importing countries of Ceylon Tea in the region include Iraq, Iran, Libya, Turkey, Saudi Arabia, Syria, and the United Arab Emirates. Though Libya and Turkey can be reached via Africa, the exorbitant freight charges have prevented the buyers in those countries from importing tea at the moment.
The supply routes to Middle East countries go via Strait of Hormuz and Red sea Suez Canal. Although there is no blockade on Suez Canal, due to the war risk both channels are currently not used by the major shipping lines. The tea exports to the region have almost come to a standstill due to the following reasons:
=All major shipping lines suspended their services to the region immediately after the outbreak of the conflict.
=Several seaports in the region were temporarily closed during the initial stages.
= Although a few shipping lines resumed limited operations from March 4, freight charges have
increased significantly by approximately USD 1,800 for a 20’ container and USD 3,000 for a 40’ container.
= Existing insurance coverage obtained by exporters is no longer valid.
=There is a lack of regular and scheduled vessels operating from Colombo to Middle Eastern destinations.
The tea exporters are experiencing serious cash flow constraints, as payments for shipments already
dispatched have been delayed due to the unsettled situation in the region. This has restricted exporters’
buying capacity and that was evident at this week’s tea auction, where overall prices declined by about Rs. 50/ per kg while low grown tea prices declined by about Rs. 75/ per kg.
If the situation continues for few more weeks it will have a serious impact on the tea auction as buyers may curtail the purchase of tea if the outward movements are restricted. This could directly impact on the income of the tea smallholder farmers.
In January 2026, the country earned $ 121.8 million from tea exports compared to $ 112.7 million in January 2025 (a 5% increase). The figures for February 2026 are not yet available but should be either similar to last year or higher. The disruption to tea exports in March will certainly affect the volume and value of the exports though the exact amounts cannot be estimated at this point.
According to the available data Sri Lanka has settled about 95% of its debt to Iran by supplying tea to Iran under the Tea for Oil mechanism. Even if the military conflict comes to an end, Sri Lanka will find it difficult to continue to supply tea to Iran unless a new mechanism is introduced. Under the prevailing US sanctions on Iran, the exporters may not be able to supply tea to Iran outside the barter system. Iran purchases about 11 million kg of tea from Sri Lanka annually under the barter deal.
The situation was discussed with the Minister of Plantation & Community Infrastructure at a meeting held on March 4, 2026.
News
Salary Commission this year to address public sector pay gaps
Prime Minister Dr Harini Amarasuriya said a salary commission will be established this year to address pay disparities within the principal service and several other segments of the public sector.
Speaking in Parliament on Friday (6), the Prime Minister said the proposed commission was expected to provide a sustainable solution to existing salary imbalances across public sector institutions.
She said extensive discussions had already been held with principals and principals’ associations regarding salary disparities affecting the principal service, and that the government was continuing consultations in search of a long-term solution.
Amarasuriya said the government policy was to appoint a salary commission this year to develop sustainable recommendations to address the issue.
She noted that recent salary increases had created disparities not only in the education sector but also in other public service sectors, adding that a comprehensive solution was needed.
“We are trying to resolve this through a salary commission. We expect to submit proposals specifically relating to the concerns of principals to the commission,” she said.
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