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Sri Lankan Oil and Gas exploration grinds to a standstill amid protracted legal battle
Sri Lanka’s efforts to attract and leverage international investment into exploration and commercialisation of two blocks adding to over 5,000 square kilometers with potential oil and gas resources in the Mannar Basin have once again been gridlocked by legal challenges in the Court of Appeal.
According to the latest developments in the CA (Writ) Application No: 392/2023, the court found that a prima facie case has been established by the Petitioner, Serendive Energy.
Accordingly the court issued orders restraining the 1st to 36th Respondents and/or its servants or agents from granting to any third party other than the Petitioner the rights to offshore exploration of blocks M1 and C1, until a final determination is reached in the case.
Serendive Energy, which has a strategic alliance partnership with a large Indian conglomerate commenced pursuit of legal remedies following a recent effort in 2023 to reverse exploration block award that had previously been made to the company.
Serendive Energy first participated in an open international tender (SL 2019-02) in 2019, and was awarded the blocks, Mannar Basin M1 and Cauvery Basin C1 in May 2021. This decision took place following evaluations conducted by the Petroleum Development Authority, and headed at the time by former Chairman Saliya
Wickramasuriya and Current Chairman Surath Ovitigama, who have long served among the nation’s leading domain experts on oil and gas.As stated in the 2021 Ministry of Power and Energy Annual Report “International competitive bids were called for in the year 2019 for the exploration and production of oil and gas of Mannar Block M1 and Cauvery Block C1 and the bid evaluation process had been concluded in May 2021.”
“Negotiations had been held by the government of Sri Lanka throughout the year 2021 with Serendive Energy (Pvt) Ltd for separate petroleum resources agreements in respect of M1 and C1 blocks, and about 90% of the negotiations have been concluded. The final petroleum resources agreement is expected to be entered into during the first half of the year 2022.”
While the awarding of blocks to Serendive Energy was hailed at the time as critical forward after many previous false starts, all activity on exploration ground to a halt during the country’s economic crisis and the ‘aragalaya’, following which attempts were subsequently made to reverse the award. The Petitioners submitted that such measures amount to a direct contravention of the 2003 Petroleum Act.
The effort to attract international players to invest in Sri Lanka’s Oil and Gas exploration industry which ground to a halt in 1984 with the civil war recommenced in 2003 with the opening up of tenders for exploration to international local and global investors via the Petroleum Resources Act, No.26 of 2003.
Hydrocarbon prospectivity and legislation in Sri Lanka was established in 2001 with the funding by the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and technical assistance from New South Global, a part of the School of Petroleum Engineering within the University of New South Wales (UNSW) based in Sydney, Australia
The team leader of this project, Prof. Ray Shaw concluded in the report that “The Gulf of Mannar basin represents a new deepwater frontier region which has the indicia for hosting significant hydrocarbon accumulations.”
This report and conclusion based on the 2001 TGS Norpec Seismic survey encouraged a further more detailed survey by TGS and a Gravity/Magnetic study which confirmed the finding of this ADB/University of New South Wales Project.
The Petroleum Act 2003 was passed by parliament under the leadership of the then Prime Minister Hon. Ranil Wickremesinghe. However, subsequent mismanagement and bureaucratic inaction hindered any meaningful progress from being achieved.
With exploration and development requiring around 10 years, the window to leverage the country’s natural resource if fast disappearing with global “Net Zero” targets approaching in 2045-50 since the production period offered by the government is 20 years. Hence, all future investors will not have the full 20 years before global demand drops off significantly, making investment in Sri Lanka less attractive.
With the chances of success in this industry being as low as seven to 10%, international investors were already extremely hesitant, while Sri Lanka’s history of nationalization of such industries has proved to be a further deterrent. This included previous instances arbitrary, and often overnight policy changes towards nationalization and expropriation such as with TGS Norpec Seismic survey 2001 and 2005 as well as Caltex, Shell and Esso in the early 1960’s.
With the uncertainty created by two upcoming elections in the next 12 months and the country’s exploration process stuck in legal proceeding, and given the time required post-general election to call for EOI/RFP, shortlist, negotiate, select and conclude various administrative processes, it is unlikely that Sri Lanka to commence a new exploration process for at least two years with new investors for other blocks.
Moreover, Sri Lanka’s oil and gas bid is also still recovering from developments which took place in 2013 when a large regional National Oil Company first announced its intention to bid on multiple blocks, intimidating other interested investors in participating in the tender, only to ultimately refrain from bidding, and subsequently make a global announcement claiming that there was no oil and gas “prospectivity: in the Mannar basin – contradicting many independence assessments and geophysical surveys.
The combination of these factors led to negligible investor interest over the past 10 years, evinced by the lack of progress in that time. The latest injunctions on the largest blocks currently opened for exploration may prove to be the final nail in the coffin.
News
President maintains Lanka has been even-handed in dealing with Iran and US
Sri Lanka refused the request by three Iranian ships to come to Sri Lanka on a goodwill visit and the request by the United States to land two of its fighter jets in Mattala, President Anura Kumara Dissanayake told Parliament yesterday.
“Sri Lanka maintained neutrality by refusing the two requests by both the US and Iran,” he said.
President Dissanayake provided a clarification on domestic fuel prices in light of rising crude oil prices in the global market and subsequent fuel price increases in other countries, triggered by the ongoing crisis in the Middle East.
The President highlighted that the Ceylon Petroleum Corporation (CPC) currently supplies 57% of the country’s fuel requirements, while the remaining 43% is supplied by the private sector.
He further noted that private sector suppliers have requested pricing that reflects current global market rates for the fuel they import.
Accordingly, the President emphasised that a decisive decision on fuel price adjustments must be reached as expeditiously as possible to ensure the continuity of the national fuel supply.
Addressing the Parliament, the President stated that the current pricing formula dictates that for every one-dollar increase in global oil prices, domestic fuel prices must rise by Rs. 2.
He noted that the primary impact being faced is driven by the surge in global fuel prices rather than the depreciation of the rupee against the US dollar.
The President said that, globally, countries have been compelled to make difficult decisions regarding fuel costs, with price increases ranging from approximately 6% to 50%.
He added that while global prices have risen by as much as 49%, the domestic increase has been limited to 8%.
He further stated that Sri Lanka is currently facing a significant challenge in maintaining fuel supply.
The Ceylon Petroleum Corporation (CPC) accounts for 57% of the country’s fuel supply. He noted that had the CPC been the sole supplier, fluctuations could have been managed by offsetting current losses with future profits.
However, he said the private sector now controls 43% of the market, and their position is that if retail prices do not reflect the current landed cost of fuel, they will cease imports.
He added that, from a business perspective, this is a valid concern, as private companies reportedly incur a loss of approximately USD 55 million per shipment, which he said is unsustainable.
The President emphasised that the contribution of the private sector is essential to maintaining the national fuel supply, but noted that they will only participate if they are able to sell at cost-reflective prices.
He stressed that the issue of fuel pricing must, therefore, be addressed urgently.
He also pointed out that under the existing Act, companies are permitted to increase prices; however, the maximum retail price is determined by the Ceylon Petroleum Corporation.
“Although we have entered into agreements with these private companies, the necessary legislative amendments to the Act have not yet been finalised,” he noted.
Regarding government revenue, the President stated that tax income from fuel currently stands at Rs. 20 billion, compared to Rs. 240 billion generated last year from taxes on diesel.
Latest News
Heat Index likely to increase up to ‘Caution level’ at some places in the Western, Sabaragamuwa, North-central, Southern and North-western provinces and in Monaragala, Mannar, Vavuniya and Mullaitivu districts
Warm Weather Advisory Issued by the Natural Hazards Early Warning Centre of the Department of Meteorology at 3.30 p.m. on 20 March 2026, valid for 21 March 2026
The public are warned that the Heat index, the temperature felt on human body is likely to increase up to ‘Caution level’ at some places in the Western, Sabaragamuwa, North-central, Southern and North-western provinces and in Monaragala, Mannar, Vavuniya and Mullaitivu districts.
The Heat Index Forecast is calculated by using relative humidity and maximum temperature and this is the condition that is felt on your body. This is not the forecast of maximum temperature. It is generated by the Department of Meteorology for the next day period and prepared by using global numerical weather prediction model data.

Effect of the heat index on human body is mentioned in the above table and it is prepared on the advice of the Ministry of Health and Indigenous Medical Services.
ACTION REQUIRED
Job sites: Stay hydrated and takes breaks in the shade as often as possible.
Indoors: Check up on the elderly and the sick.
Vehicles: Never leave children unattended.
Outdoors: Limit strenuous outdoor activities, find shade and stay hydrated.
Dress: Wear lightweight and white or light-colored clothing.
Note:
In addition, please refer to advisories issued by the Disaster Preparedness & Response Division, Ministry of Health in this regard as well. For further clarifications please contact 011-7446491
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IMF team here from 26 March to 09 April
A staff team of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) will visit Sri Lanka from 26 March to 09 April, IMF Communications Director Julie Kozack announced.
Addressing the IMF press briefing, Kozack said the visit will focus on discussing economic policies.
“The aim will be to complete a combined fifth and sixth review of the IMF-supported programme, while assessing the potential impact of the Middle East conflict on the economy,” she said.
Kozack added that as part of the discussion, the team will be engaging with the authorities to better understand what the potential impact of the Middle East conflict could be on Sri Lanka’s economy.
“When the team returns, it will have an updated assessment of Sri Lanka’s economy and how the IMF can continue to support Sri Lanka.
The IMF Communications Director noted that the Fund is actively engaging with countries affected by the Middle East conflict, assessing global economic risks and standing ready to provide support.
“We are engaging very actively with our membership. We are talking to them about how we see, as I explained here, how we see some of the impacts, on the global economy. But also asking them, how can we best support them at this time, using the full range of tools available to us, including through our policy advice, capacity development and also financial support as needed.
We have engaged with finance ministers and central bank governors in many countries and regions. We’ve also engaged with regional institutions to discuss and share perspectives on the implications of the conflict and again, how the Fund can best provide support. The overall impact, of course, is going to depend very much on the duration and intensity of the conflict.We will provide an updated assessment in our World Economic Outlook in April, which will be comprehensive for the individual country level and also for global and regional economies,” Kozack added.
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