Politics
Sinharaja – The island’s priceless treasure
THE WORLD HERITAGE SITES OF SRI LANKA
By EVERYMAN
For both foreign and local tourists Sinharaja Forest is certainly not a hot spot like Yala or Wilpattu. It elicits neither excitement nor thrills. Traveling inside requires no jeeps nor four wheel drive SUVs – just your two legs! Yet adventure is there. In plenty. To be experienced, by seeing, listening and feeling as Nature embraces you in its sound of silence. Sinharaja may it be emphasized, is the most valuable and unique environmental treasure in Sri Lanka. Located in the South- Western part of Sri Lanka it is the island’s last viable area of primary rainforest.
So, what is a rain forest? It is a forest which consists of tall, mostly evergreen trees, on which there is a very high amount of rainfall. These forests are earth’s oldest living ecosystems, with some surviving in their present form for at least 70 million years. According to experts it is likely that Sinharaja was formed during the Jurassic era. This means that Sinharaja is between 145 million to 200 million years old. Hence its uniqueness. Hence its value. To put this incredible fact in its proper perspective geologists have claimed that most of Sri Lanka’s surface lies in the Precambrian strata some of it dating back to 2 billion years. It belongs to the earliest part of Earth’s history.
According to folklore ‘Sinharaja’ derived its name from the lion king that dwelt in and protected this rain forest. It will interest readers to know that the three largest rainforests in the world are the Amazon in South America (also called ‘Amazonia’) which is 2,482,636 sq. miles in extent; next is the Congo rainforest . in Africa which is 1,108,113 sq miles. (Those who are literary minded may recollect that Joseph Conrad’s novel ‘Heart of Darkness’ was centered on this forest through which runs the Congo river; then there is the Valdivan rain forest on the West coast of South America bordering Chile and Argentina. It is 95,753 sq miles.
Just for comparison of their vastness and extent, Sri Lanka is 25,332 sq. miles in extent. So the Amazonia is 98 times the size of Sri Lanka! Sinharaja is 3,422 sq. miles in extent. But its smaller size compared to the largest rain forests just mentioned in no way detracts from its unique endemic fauna and flora. It makes Sinharaja truly incomparable. Sinharaja borders on three districts – Galle, Matara and Ratnapura. Its elevation ranges from 300 to 1,170 meters. The average annual rainfall over the past 60 years has ranged between 3,614 mm to 5,005 mm which is attributed to the South West Monsoon ( May to July ) and the North East Monsoon ( November to January ).
There are three points from which one could enter Sinharaja. One is from Kudawa which is the most frequently used. It is from Colombo to Kalawana to Kudawa. Next is the Pitadeniya entrance. From Colombo to Galle/Matara to Deniyaya to Pitadeniya. The third and least used, is from Colombo to Galle/Matara to Morning Side Estate in Suriyakanda. Whichever way one desires to go it is always advisable to get a licensed tracker. Otherwise there is a danger of getting lost and more importantly a tracker who can unfold the wonders within. Hiking is the only way to go..
And now let’s get inside this marvelous, mystical, mysterious, forest.
Inside Sinharaja, because of the green canopy of trees, through which only about 5 % to 15 % of sunshine falls through, it is dark, eerie and foreboding. And yet it is fascinating. You will be, as Thomas Gray said ‘ far from the madding crowd’s ignoble strife,’ hearing only the orchestra of the forest – the chirping of birds, the chirruping of insects, the occasional ‘coot, coot’ of monkeys and the soft tread of your own feet, as you walk through this cathedral like sanctuary of trees.
Many of the trees reach a height of around 40 meters ( 131 feet ). More than 60 % of these trees are endemic and what is more, many are rare species. Some of the trees, the timber of which is used in house building, are ‘Hora,’ ‘ Bu Hora’ and ‘ Balau’ which is a type of Mahogany. The vegetation density is around 240,00 plants per hectare ( 11,960 sq. yards ) which makes Sinharaja the most dense rainforest in Asia.
The wild life is exotic and enchanting. However unlike in Yala the wild life is not easily seen. The thick dense vegetation hides many of Sinharaja’s mysteries. It has been claimed that there may be a few elephants and leopards but the most common large mammal is the purple faced langur which is endemic. Langurs are long tailed monkeys which have a characteristic loud call. Some have described this species as ‘old world’ monkeys found mainly in India. There can also be found the Brown Mongoose, the Golden Palm Civet, the Small Flying Squirrel and with plenty of luck one may sight the Red Slender Loris, which sleeps by day and ever so stealthily is active at night.
The bird life is varied and colorful. There have been 147 species of birds recorded, whose habitat is within Sinharaja. Of the 26 endemic birds 20 can be found in Sinharaja. Amongst the birds are, the Red Faced Malkoka; the Sri Lanka Blue Magpie’; the Ashy Headed Babbler whose head is grey while its body is ochre/brown, its leg are pinkish while the beak is grey above and pink below; the White Headed Starling with its white head and breast and yellow legs and beak; the Sri Lanka Spotwing Thrush which is light brown in colour with white spots on its body and has a black beak; the Sri Lanka Wood Pigeon which is similar to a dove since both species belong to the same family, (columbidae); the Dusky Blue Fly Catcher which is blue grey in colour with a bright blue forehead. It darts from branch to branch catching tiny insects while in flight. And the Green Billed Coucal which is a type of cuckoo with black plumage and a greenish beak. It is supposed to be the rarest of Sri Lanka birds.
Butterflies of kaleidoscopic colors and sizes flit and flutter amongst the greenery. Here can be found the Sri Lanka Tree Nymph, with a wing span of 15.5 centimeters or 6. 1 inches it is the largest butterfly in the country. Perhaps the most beautiful is the Blue Banded Peacock whose iridescence is unmatched by any other butterfly. The rarest of butterflies is the Sri Lanka Five Bar Swordtail which makes its timid appearance from January to end March.
Reptiles are ever present. The very venomous cobra. The equally venomous Russel’s viper and its cousins, the green pit viper and hump nosed viper. There is also the equally poisonous, krait. Living in peaceful co-existence is the quite docile but frightful to see, the rat snake ( ‘Garendiya’), not to be confused with the poisonous rattle snake, which is not found in Sri Lanka. Finally the very largest and longest of all snakes in
Sri Lanka. It is around 23 feet long weighs about 200 pounds and has a girth as large as a telephone pole. It’s the python. It is non-poisonous. But with its sharp backward forming teeth it grasps a prey – anything from rodents to monkeys to deer, wraps several coils around it and constricts it to death prior to swallowing it.
Hence the reason why this species is also called boa-constrictors After a very delicious meal (from the python’s point of view) it coils itself and lies in deep slumber. There are also the scary, but harmless tree frogs which will spring on to you as you move through the heavy undergrowth. Within the damp surface leeches abound. Hence it’s best to wear slacks with the bottom tucked into knee high socks and the shoes liberally doused in salt water. Leeches can bleed you until you faint from blood loss.
There are eight waterfalls cascading down the rocky slopes near the Pitadeniya entrance. One in particular called the Duwili Falls because its three step downward cascade is like a dusty spray, has two large bathing spots at the bottom of the falls. The water is chillingly cold. But if you are brave enough to take a dip you will after the initial shiver find it most invigorating. There are three sparkling, gurgling, streams of cool, clear water which criss-cross through this forest. These streams wind their way and lead on to the North to the Napola Dola and Koskulana Ganga. In the South and South West to the Maha Dola and Gin Ganga. To the West the Kalukandawe Ela and Kudawa Ganga.
In 1978 Sinharaja was declared by the UNESCO as a World Biosphere Reserve and in 1988 was declared as a World Heritage Site.
We now need to turn to a threat – deforestation. It is one of the most serious issues facing our motherland. In the 1920s the forest coverage was 49%. By 2021 it had dropped to just 17%! and alas! Sinharaja, this million year old ecosystem of a treasure gifted by Nature to Sri Lanka did become a victim of partial deforestation. It happened during the 1970 – 1977 tenure of Srimavo Bandaranaike as Prime Minister. Whether it was her own decision, a Cabinet decision or a Minister’s decision, only history can reveal. But yes, by the early 1970s selective logging had commenced. Canadian contractors had with the full authority of the Government entered the forest reserve and begun felling. A 12 meter roadway was cut and trucks, bulldozers and back hoes moved freely carrying the felled trees. The purpose was to feed a massive plywood factory in Salawa, Kosgoda.
There is a saying ‘ Cometh the Hour, Cometh the Man’. That man was Thilo Hoffman. During the time of this near calamity to Sinharaja he was Managing Director of A. Baur & Company. He was also President of the Wildlife and Nature Protection Society (WNPS ). He did not wear the mantle of the latter position lightly. He was an active, dedicated and professionally qualified (holding a Master’s Degree in Agricultural Science) protector and conservator of wildlife.
On being informed about the deforestation of Sinharaja, the WNPS headed by Hoffman initiated a fact finding mission. Hoffmann the indefatigable worker, traversed the length and breadth of Sinharaja and published a report explaining in detail the magnitude of the destruction of fauna and flora in Sinharaja. The WNPS published a booklet written by Hoffmann and freely circulated the English and Sinhala translations. This created a major public outcry against the further damage to Sinharaja. The Government could not ignore the issue, and was compelled to take notice.
A Ministerial Sub- Committee headed by George Rajapakse was appointed. Apparently the plywood was for the manufacture of tea chests. In 1977 Srimavo Bandaranaike’s United Front Government was defeated getting a mere six seats in Parliament. It was at that election that J.R.Jayewardene’s UNP won a landslide victory. Thilo Hoffmann met the new Prime Minister who, it may be recalled, became President one year later, and explained the gravity of the situation in Sinharaja. Jayewardene immediately banned any further logging. Perhaps at this point it is most relevant to request the Governmental Authorities to have some sort of memorial built out of stone at the entrance to Sinharaja, mentioning the name of Thilo Hoffmann – The Saviour of Sinharaja. May he be remembered for generations to come.
There is presently a controversy that a hotel is about to be built within Sinharaja. However in a statement reported in the press on April 8, 2021 the Dept. of Forest Conservation has completely refuted this allegation. The hotel is being built five km away from UNESCO’s World Heritage Site demarcation of the boundary of Sinharaja. It is on a private land adjacent to the Pothupitiya – Rakwana road.
But Sinharaja is too tempting to be allowed to continue its millions of years old existence. Either through colossal ignorance or supreme indifference there will threats to ravish Sinharaja. We know. We are confident. President Gotabaya Rajapakse would never permit this. After all was it not he, who as the one time Secretary Ministry of Defence and Urban Development Authority, pursue the Colombo Beautification Project? Remember how the old Grand Stand at the Race Course was transformed? How the International Rugger Grounds opposite it was created? How the Walking/ Running/ Cycling tracks near Independence Hall were made? His love for our motherland is deep seated and genuine. He saved Sri Lanka once from the cruel clutches of the LTTE. Yes, Sinharaja – this incredible treasure trove of biodiversity will be safe in his care.
Features
A National Sweep from Point Pedro to Point Dondra
by Rajan Philips
More than the actual numbers, it is the extent of the NPP’s sweep, from north to south and from west to east that is truly historic and stunningly remarkable. There is nothing to analyze here. The National Peoples’ Power (Jathika Jana Balawegaya) has led and won the most number of seats in 21 of the 22 electoral districts, with the sole exception of Batticaloa where the NPP is placed second after the ITAK.
And of all places, the NPP has won the Polling Division of Jaffna, which is the old Jaffna City electorate that in its heyday was represented by Sir Arunachalam Mahadeva in the old State Council before 1947 and by the great GG Ponnambalam QC in the new parliament for 13 years after the 1947 elections. This is not the time for political prognostications, but the symbolism of the moment should not be missed. And the moment is nothing but the clear voice of the Tamil voters indicating their openness to change and their clear message that they are not some ponies for a political derby orchestrated by diaspora funding.
Nationally, the NPP has secured 159 seats, 141 electorally and 18 from the National List. It is a two-thirds majority that should be more humbling than arrogating. President AKD has struck the right note and tweeted, in all three languages, “Thank you to all who voted for a renaissance!” Renaissance, indeed!
On the other side, it is a humiliating rout for the opposition. The SJB is a distant second with 40 seats, and every other party reduced to single digits – the ITAK getting eight seats, Ranil’s New Democratic Front gathering five (much better than the UNP in 2020), and the once almighty SLPP and the ever supple SLMC reduced to three seats each. An assortment of seven solitary winners bring up the total to 225.
When Anura Kumara Dissanayake won the presidency in September with 42.3% of the vote, some pundits started calling him a ‘minority president.’ There is no such entity. The people have now answered the pundits with their clear verdict – 61.6% of the vote and 159 out of 225 seats. Yes, the voter turnout was lower at 69%, but still among the highest in the world. The people have voted in larger numbers for the NPP in November than they voted for AKD in September – from 5,634,915 to 6,863,186, a clear 1.2 million increase.
On the other hand, voters have turned away from Sajith/SJB and Ranil/DNF between the two elections. Sajith Premadasa polled 4,363,035 (32.8%) in September while the SJB could attract only 1,968,716 (17.7%) on Thursday, even fewer than the 2,771,984 (23.9%) votes SJB got in the 2020 parliamentary election. Ranil Wickremesinghe and the DNF have surged downward: from 2,299,767 (17.3%) in September to 500,835 (4.5%) in November.
The ITAK (Ilankai Tamil Arasu Kadchi, the good old Tamil Federal Party) also garnered a lower number of votes and seats in 2024 than in 2020 – from 327,168 votes and 10 seats to 257,813 votes and eight seats, Frontline parliamentarian MA Sumanthiran is a noted casualty in the Jaffna District.
So much Newness
Sri Lanka elected a new president on September 21. Now it has is elected a new parliament, and more than half of them are first time MPs. Within days there will also be a new cabinet – a fully fledged cabinet unlike the cabinet of three that took care of the affairs of the state and government between the two elections. All the elected bodies of the national government are new at the same time.
There has never been so much newness at a single time in the 93 years of our electoral history after the introduction of universal franchise and the election of the first State Council in 1931. Most of us, including all those newly elected, were not born then. Not even Ranil Wickremesinghe, the condescending wise owl of Sri Lankan politics in the 21st century. But the voters have gotten used to his wisecracks, learnt to laugh at his jokes, and ignore his politics.
With plague on all the old political hands, the people opened up to the NPP for a breath of fresh air in September. Now they have given it a full blast. That places quite a burden of responsibility on the new President, the new parliament, and the new government. They don’t have much time for a slow learning curve, or too long a runway for making actionable decisions. They have to run as they learn and learn as they run.
There was much talk about too many elections too soon. In fact, two elections too many. This has been the case since 1977, but no one has done anything about it for 47 long years. Things were fine for the preceding 30 years from 1947 to 1977 when there was only one parliamentary election every four or five years (except in 1960 March and July), and the people directly knew whom they were voting for and electing.
Now there are only lists for each district and the infamous national list. We know how many seats different parties have won but the faces of those who will be taking those seats are yet to be seen. Add to that the new faces who will be coming to parliament for the first time.
It is time that the country reverted to the old system where the voters can see the faces of candidates as they run to get past the post. With an added mechanism to ensure proportionality between the votes garnered by each party and the seats they are assigned in parliament. It is not that difficult except for the vested interests (spearheaded by Ranil-Rajapaksas) who wanted the lists system to continue to maximize the returns on their corrupt political investments. They are all gone now. No need for individual political obituaries.
It is time too to revert to the old parliamentary system and end the direct election of the head of state. President AKD and the NPP are fully committed to making this reversion and the people have mightily endorsed it. The time for debate is over and the time for delivery, if not deliverance, has come. It is a matter of implementing change with maximum responsibility and minimum fuss.
New Parliament, New Cabinet
The challenges facing the new president and the new parliament are enormous. But they are not insurmountable. The first steps that they will be taking in the next few weeks will be watched for signs and signals by well wishers and detractors alike. These steps will involve how the new, large class of 155 MPs are oriented to their new life and its tasks and responsibilities. Thankfully, there will be no ragging. There are not many seniors left to rag anybody anyway. And all the rogues of old have been sent packing.
In other jurisdictions and countries, civil servants prepare binders of instructions and offer presentations for incoming legislators and governments. I am not sure if there is such a practice in the Sri Lankan parliament. In any event, there may not have been a need for such an exercise over the last 24 years when the same old rascals kept coming back in spite of their ignorance and irresponsibility.
Now, with new kids on the block there is opportunity to start with a clean slate and supplemented by instructions on parliamentary procedures, legislative process, financial accountability, and the general roles and functions of MPs and ministers. It would be a worthwhile task that will set the mood for the months ahead.
Educating MPs is boring stuff for political watchers who will be all eyes on who is getting in as ministers in President AKD’s full cabinet. Apart from outside busybodies, it is crucial for AKD and the NPP to get their first cabinet right. We do not know much of the internal JVP/NPP politics that will influence cabinet making, but it is safe to say that AKD and the NPP are uniquely placed to create a cabinet based on secular factors (abilities and qualifications), as opposed to a-secular considerations (family, caste, region, and religion) as well as the co-opting of individual for ethnic representation.
In almost all cabinet making in the past more than necessary deference was given to a-secular factors and co-option considerations. President AKD and the NPP have a historic opportunity to break with this tradition in substantial ways. We will see how much of a break is being achieved when the new cabinet is announced. The cabinet composition will also be scrutinized for its alignment with the NPP’s policy objectives and the countries priorities.
In other words, what will the make up of the cabinet say about the NPP’s approach and its ability to manage the economy, exorcise corruption, maintain essential supplies at affordable costs, reform the educational and health and transport services, and deliver on its promise of a new constitution. There are lessons that could be drawn from past cabinet compositions to find out – both what to do and what not to do.
From 1947 to 1977, the core composition of the cabinet has been the same. The portfolios associated with economic development included finance, land and agriculture, trade and commerce, industry and fisheries. The 1965 UNP government under Dudley Senanayake introduced a new portfolio for Nationalised Services, and a new focus on tourism and foreign exchange albeit in the Ministry of State with JR Jayewardene as the Minister. The 1970 United Front government introduced Plantation Industries as a new portfolio to look after what were then Sri Lanka’s primary export products – tea, rubber and coconut. The portfolio of housing was also introduced to address the urban housing problem.
Even after 1977, with the switch to the presidential system, President Jayewardene maintained the same cabinet composition. As the first head of state and head of government, he assigned himself only three portfolios – defence, economic planning, and higher education. The purpose of including higher education was to implement his idiosyncrasy for privatizing education in general.
But that is not my point here, the point is that he limited his cabinet assignments to a minimum, similar to the two portfolios – foreign affairs and defence – that were assigned to the Prime Minister under the Soulbury Constitution. JRJ even dispensed with foreign affairs; perhaps that was more a snub to the exuberance over non-alignment of his predecessor, Mrs. Bandaranaike.
President Premadasa continued the practice of limited presidential portfolios, although included housing as his portfolio and turned what was an urban problem into a national urgency. He made one significant change and assigned finance to his prime minister, DB Wijetunga. That was the beginning of the end of finance being the single portfolio of one individual minister.
Ironically, it was Chandrika Kumaratunga, the first person who was elected president to abolish the presidency, who opened the floodgates for presidential portfolios. She grabbed finance quite unnecessarily, and assigned to herself (if I am not mistaken) almost a dozen other small and large portfolios. Mahinda Rajapaksa took self-assignments and cabinet expansion to another level, and although there was an attempt to limit this prodigality in the 19th Amendment, what CBK started returned with vengeance under Ranil Wickremesinghe as caretaker president.
It will be revealing to see how President AKD assigns himself portfolios. Actually, the President doesn’t have to be in charge of any portfolio. Unlike the traditional Prime Minister, the Executive President is not the first among equals. He is more than a cut above all the other equals. He has the power to oversee and co-ordinate the functions of all his ministers.
Given the government’s and the country’s priorities, he may want to set up cabinet sub-committees for special areas – for example, export promotion, and preside over them. He could assign himself the portfolio of constitutional affairs to preside over the liquidation of the executive presidency. Beyond that, he should leave all other portfolios including finance to other ministers.
Features
Trump and AKD: the vital differences
By Krishantha Prasad Cooray
The people of the United States of America elected that country’s 47th president on November 5, 2024. Donald Trump, who had served as the 45th president and was defeated by Joe Biden, made an unprecedented comeback, securing 312 votes of the electoral college. It left those who backed his main opponent, Democratic Party candidate and serving Vice President, Kamala Harris, in shock. After all, Trump was convicted on 34 felony counts of falsifying business records in May in New York and is currently facing charges of fraud, election subversion, and obstruction.
How on earth did he even get on the ballot? How on earth did he win? Are those who voted for him ignorant of his criminal record? Have they forgotten how he covered himself in ignominy in the aftermath of losing the 2020 election? These are the questions that his detractors ask.
Three weeks before Trump’s incredible comeback, at the other end of the planet, a far less known individual created history by becoming the first president to be elected who did not belong to established political formations that have exclusively ruled the country since 1948.
Who on earth is Anura Kumara Dissanayake of Sri Lanka? Where did he come from? How on earth did this man, from the backwoods of the North Central Province trump political dynasties whose birthright it has been to govern the country? Why on earth did the majority of voters pick an untried and untested individual from a coalition formed recently?
How did the leader of a Socialist party, the Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna, better known by its acronym, JVP, lift the paltry 3% share of the vote that the JVP-led coalition, National People’s Power (NPP), obtained in 2020 at the General Election, to 42.31% just four years later? How did the NPP push Sajith Premadasa, leader of the Samagi Jana Balavegaya (SJD) to second place (32.76%) and the sitting president and five-time Prime Minister, Ranil Wickremesinghe of Sri Lanka’s ‘Grand Old Party,’ the United National Party (UNP) to a distant third place with just 17.27% of the vote?
The above questions indicate incredulity of the same order as evident in the in-shock responses of Trump’s detractors. The reasons are strikingly different, though.
Anura Kumara Dissanayake, or ‘AKD’ as he is commonly referred to, is not in-your-face like Trump is. He was not born with the proverbial silver spoon in his mouth. He cut his political teeth when he was still a schoolboy, joining the student wing of the JVP following antipathy to the controversial Indo-Lanka Accord signed in 1987. He survived the violent political upheavals of the late eighties and worked his way through the ranks of the JVP to become the leader of that party in 2014 and of the JVP-led NPP in 2019.
The NPP was then a fringe party in Sri Lanka’s democratic political firmament; AKD got just 3.16% of the votes cast. In the following year, the NPP secured 3.84% of the vote, winning just three seats in the 225-seat parliament. Today, with the party leader just having won the presidential election, the NPP is widely predicted to win a majority of seats on offer at the General Election which will be held on November 14, 2024.
Now AKD is not the first ‘outsider’ to ascend the presidency. Sajith Premadas’s father, former president Ranasinghe Premadasa, did not hail from Colombo’s elite classes and neither did Maithripala Sirisena or even Mahinda Rajapaksa for that matter. All three, however, came up the ranks of one of the two major political forces in the country. They weren’t ‘elite’ but were cosy with the elite. They were at worst tolerated but more typically accepted as safe options in reduced circumstances.
In contrast, AKD is quite an incredible story and the incredulity is not misplaced, even among those who are not aligned with any of the major political parties or coalitions that ruled the country for 76 years. It’s incredible because traditionally, when governments have slipped and become unpopular, the voters have opted for ‘the other party,’ apparently forgetting that they had also squandered opportunities, re-interpreted mandates and were accused of corruption and incompetence. They have, nevertheless, reinvented themselves, often using a new face to represent the party.
On September 21, 2024 a significant number of Sri Lankan voters broke with tradition. Decades of economic mismanagement compounded by the pandemic led to the country becoming bankrupt in 2022. The resultant political chaos in part caused by unprecedented protests saw Ranil Wickremesinghe, the single parliamentarian of the UNP, being elected President by a parliament in disarray.
Indeed his rise ought to be considered even more incredible than that of AKD. His unceremonious eviction in September was already on the cards. Widespread defections to the SJB, which had broken away from the UNP in 2020, meant that Wickremesinghe had no political machine to talk of. The rank and file had abandoned him. He had, to his credit, brought about a semblance of economic recovery but that was just not going to be enough.
AKD and the NPP had diligently done the painstaking groundwork for the transition that began in September. The people themselves had had enough of power transferring from one set of incompetent rogues to another. Those who simply could not envisage an ‘outsider’ becoming president were naturally shocked.
How on earth? Why on earth? These are the questions they ask. But that’s not all. It is clear that the ruling classes are not just livid at the outcome but are palpably jittery about the consequences. Sri Lanka has witnessed on many occasions regime change that has left those who have either bent rules or got them bent, untouched. Such individuals have never been under any threat. There were always ‘friends’ who would take care of them. They survived. They prospered. They were the untouchables. It seems that their insurance policies have expired.
They can’t take it and they will not take this ‘affront’ lying down. AKD has been in office just over a month, but already he’s being charged with not fulfilling election promises. He doesn’t have the privilege of the typical period of grace accorded to the newly elected. He is vilified mercilessly.
AKD’s detractors talk about the long history of the JVP. They allude to the two failed insurrections, one in 1971 and the other in the late eighties.
The JVP’s history is not squeaky clean, clearly, but bloody as those insurrections were, the hands that quelled them were far more bloodied than those of the young people who had erroneously decided that armed struggle was the one option that remained. But wait, AKD wasn’t leading those struggles. He was an infant way back in 1971 and in the late eighties was hardly out of his teens. His political journey began in earnest after all that was done and dusted.
He has acknowledged the errors of his predecessors and the JVP and, like his fellow party members, conducted himself with dignity and a kind of civility observed only in the breach by his political opponents, both in and out of parliament.
His detractors correctly point out that he has no experience in governance. Well, he was briefly a minister twenty years ago when the JVP aligned itself with the then ruling United People’s Freedom Alliance (UPFA) but that doesn’t really count. On the other hand, there is the valid response, ‘what have the so-called experienced people delivered?’
The signs are clear. First, by breaking the confines of a doctrinaire Marxist party and working to create a broader coalition of like-minded individuals and groups, and, as importantly, actively seeking the advice of experts from all walks of life including the corporate sector, AKD has demonstrated that he is willing and able to listen, respect and embrace pragmatic ideas. He has not rocked any boats, except of course the vessels that have carried the corrupt and inefficient to personal and familial ‘greatness.’
AKD and the JVP have abandoned the Marxist label and attempts to make it stick will simply not work. Very few who voted for the JVP were neither Marxists nor even identify the NPP as a left party. Outside of party diehards, the vast majority simply accepted the NPP as a clean party that had the political will to do longed for clean-up.
AKD and the NPP did not ascend to power in ideal times but that’s not atypical. Such political formations emerge from time to time when it is clear that the tried and tested have fallen short and have failed the tests. They will make their mistakes and indeed have actually said that they are aware that they aren’t perfect. They have also said they will learn and learn fast.
Will AKD and the NPP make a difference? Will Donald Trump be a different president this time around? Time will tell. The chances are that Trump will remain the loud-mouthed know-all that he has always been; AKD is most likely to remain the humble village lad who fervently believes that his countrymen deserve the dignity and dignified existence they have been denied for over seven decades.
Features
A brief electoral review of the new and improved United States of Amnesia
Trump’s proposed cabinet appointments short on quality, long on slavish loyalty
by Vijaya Chandrasoma
Last week, in the despair I felt in the aftermath of the election to the US presidency of the most evil man in the United States, I wrote that I will take a break to lick my wounds and get over my distress at the apparent catastrophe that has befallen my second home. Then I realized that this is not the end of the world, though it sure felt like it on the morning after the election.
I learned that I was not alone in these feelings of despair. Trump’s win had sparked off an unprecedented increase in Google searches reflecting a growing interest among Americans in relocating to foreign countries, New Zealand heading the list with an astonishing 7,600% increase! The next most popular Google search was “the least painful way to kill yourself”.
I have since regained my perspective, and will continue to take the liberty of inflicting my regular brand of “misinformation”. To paraphrase the words of the great Dr. Martin Luther King Jr, the arc of the moral universe is long, but it will hopefully keep bending towards justice. Admittedly, the election of Donald Trump has served to lengthen the arc of the universe way beyond our lifetimes, perhaps even break away from the traditional definition of justice.
Many great countries in the world, Russia, China, North Korea, to name a few, have been following alternative, totalitarian ideologies of governance in the post-World War II era. However, the United States has always been the leader, the beacon of democracy, the example for the “Free World” and many developing countries to pursue the concepts of freedom, the rule of law and the government of the people, by the people, for the people. The justice at the end of the moral arc of the universe.
The constitution of the United States of America in 1789 is recognized as the harbinger of this Great Experiment of Democracy at a time when the world was largely ruled by monarchies and other feudal and totalitarian systems of government.
The overwhelming success of Trump’s Republican Party marked yet another, perhaps terminal phase, in the continuing saga of the Great Experiment of Democracy. Some dregs of the evil breed of white supremacy and ethnic purity seem to have survived the defeat of Hitler and the Nazis in Germany in the 1940s. The ultra-right wing of European nationalists has emerged once again to fight for their Christian God-given rights of white dominance. And they seem to be gaining ground, in the USA and many European nations.
In a twisted, long-term kind of way, it may have actually been a blessing that Trump won the 2024 election. He would have never conceded a loss, and a corrupt Supreme Court would have ruled in favor of Trump on any election disputes. The nation would have been embroiled in endless constitutional crises combined with violence, incited by Trump, probably ending in a second civil war.
After almost every election, pundits predict that the nation will be changed forever, for better or for worse. Just this century alone, after the election of African-American Barack Obama to the White House, Jon Stewart, the smartest political satirist in the US, then and now, concluded his Late Show after the 2008 presidential election with the words, “At last, we are who we say we are”. Meaning that the nation was well on the way to exterminating the plague of racism and white supremacy that had bedeviled it for centuries.
A mere eight years later, in 2016, these predictions were proved spectacularly wrong when Donald Trump, a white supremacist with a cruel history of well-publicized racist behavior, ties to the Ku Klux Klan and neo-Nazi movements, was elected to the presidency. Trump defeated Hillary Clinton, the most qualified candidate ever to run for the US presidency, proving that racism and misogyny were both very much alive in the United States.
Trump’s first actions on assuming the office of the presidency in January 2017 was to enact a $1.7 trillion tax cut benefiting mainly the super-wealthy and the corporations; to withdraw from the United Nations sponsored Paris Climate Change Agreement; and to remove all regulations against pollution imposed by President Obama to protect the environment against corporate pollution.
When Covid 19 hit in his last year of office, Trump was exposed as the quintessential narcissistic windbag he is, who, by his criminal incompetence, was responsible for the avoidable deaths of nearly a million Americans and the near-destruction of the economy.
As a result, Americans came to their senses – briefly – and dumped Trump ignominiously, electing Democratic President Biden by a landslide in 2020, both on the popular and Electoral College votes. Trump refused to concede the election and was found guilty of inciting a violent insurrection to prevent the peaceful transfer of power, stealing top-secret documents on leaving the White House, and numerous other felonies.
MSNBC Political Anchor, Lawrence O’Donnell said that Trump would never again set foot in the Capitol, and public opinion was that the only government facility Trump would occupy in the future would be a federal prison cell, clad in an orange jumpsuit perfectly matching his skincolor.
But here we are, just four short years later, Trump is elected back to the White House with a comprehensive mandate by the same “We the people”. The United States will adopt an isolationist policy of White America First, with the US constitution of 1789 replaced by a combination of the conservative Heritage Foundation created document Project 2025 – Mandate for Leadership and Hitler’s Mein Kampf, which more accurately reflect the current aspirations of the MAGA movement of white supremacy and a Christian Nationalist kleptocracy.
It took the nation nearly two centuries to evolve from a slave owning feudal state governed by white men to an inclusive, though imperfect democracy, with equal legal rights for all its citizens.
And it took America under two decades to change from a constitutional Socialist Democracy run by the most ethical, competent African-American President to a crooked kleptocracy run by a white supremacist, fascist convicted felon.
Has the Great Experiment failed? Is the change to a white supremacist, Christian nationalist authoritarian system of governance here to stay, with the election of Donald Trump? Will the new nation betray her traditional allies and join her erstwhile adversaries like Russia, China, North Korea and the growing number of ultra-radical right-wing nations?
Trump’s proposed appointments to his senior posts so far, cabinet and non-cabinet, give an indication as to where his domestic, foreign and fiscal policies are heading. Trump has made it clear that he will rule as a dictator, not for a day as he promised during his election campaign, but a dictator in perpetuity.
Trump’s appointment of his long-time confidante and architect of his winning election campaign, Susie Wiles, 67, as the first female White House Chief of staff was seen to be a sound choice. Also known as the “Ice Maiden”, she avoids the limelight and speaks sparingly in public. Her stated intention is to limit access of the “clown car to the White House”, away from the Clown-in-Chief.
Trump has appointed Florida Senator Marco Rubio, 53, one-time political opponent but now one of his closest advisers, to the coveted position of Secretary of State. Rubio has considerable experience serving on the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, and is considered to be one of Trump’s more rational appointments, so his days are numbered.
Trump has appointed Congressman Matt Gaetz, 42, as Attorney General, which is not just a dangerous joke. Gaetz’ only qualification is his slavish loyalty to Trump. He is currently under a congressional ethics probe for having sex with, and trafficking, underage girls and the illegal use of drugs. His nomination to the post of Attorney General is so scandalous that his appointment would probably not have been approved, even by the Republican majority Senate.
Trump has foreseen the possibility of some of his more controversial, even dangerous appointments, like that of Matt Gaetz may not get Senate approval. Some would not even pass the mandatory background checks. He has declared his intention to circumvent the Senate approval process for his nominations for cabinet and senior posts by using the Recess Appointments clause in the constitution. By abusing a clause that was supposed to be availed of only in emergency situations, Trump has established that Senate approval, even that of a Republican majority Senate, will not be required for his appointments. The most invidious appointment of Matt Gaetz as Attorney General, or any other such appointment, is now within the sole power of the president, as and when required.
As the head of the Department of Justice, all of Trump’s felonies will vanish into thin air the moment Gaetz assumes office. And Trump’s threats of appointing special prosecutors to investigate the “crimes” of his political opponents will start the day after his inauguration.
Trump’s choice for Defense Secretary, Pete Hegseth, 44, a former Fox weekend political commentator has enjoyed a close relationship with the President-elect over the years. He served as an infantry officer in Iraq and Afghanistan. He has no governmental experience whatsoever, but he did play the lead role in a soap commercial on Fox TV, which must count for something in an administration headed by a Bible salesman.
Hegseth is a strong anti-Islamist and climate denier. He agrees with Trump’s intention to court-martial by military tribunal “woke” Generals, like John Kelly and Mark Millie, who have recently made critical comments about Trump’s fascist tendencies. Hegseth also believes that women should play no role in combat warfare, which will take US military policies back to the misogynistic dark ages.
Robert F. Kennedy Jr, 70, has been picked as the Secretary, Department of Health and Human Services. Kennedy, a convicted felon for drug possession in 1984, is a scion of the famous Kennedy dynasty, the son of Bobby Kennedy and nephew of JFK and Teddy Kennedy. He has been disowned by the clan for his erratic behavior in a colorful past.
He believes, against all scientific evidence, in many outlandish conspiracy health theories, the most controversial of which are that vaccinations lead to autism and chemicals like fluoride in water make people gay. Trump intends to “let Bobby go wild on health, vaccines, medicines”, a matter of grave concern to the American people, who are fearful of their children contracting infectious diseases like polio, smallpox, measles and the like, which have been virtually eliminated by the efficacy of vaccinations.
Tulsi Gabbard, 43, is Trump’s pick for Director of National Intelligence, basically the spy chief of the nation. Gabbard, a former Democratic congresswoman, was a candidate for the presidency in 2019. She has since become an ardent Trump MAGA devotee. She is alleged to have cozy relations with the Kremlin, spreading Russian propaganda about the legality of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. As such, she is the perfect cover for Trump’s liaison with Putin. When questioned if she had ties with the Kremlin, Gabbard bristled with anger and snapped: Koneshna nyet! (Certainly not!).
The appointment of Stephen Miller, 39, to the post of Deputy Chief of Staff is in keeping with Trump’s avowed fascist, “immigrants are vermin who poison the blood of our people” policies. Miller recently made a Hitler-like rant at the recent Madison Square Garden rally that “America is for Americans and Americans only. Trump will unleash the vast arsenal of federal powers to implement the most spectacular migration crackdown. While Miller didn’t specify who exactly the “Americans” were, it was obvious that he was dreaming of the descendants of white, Christian Europeans, ideally with blonde hair and blue eyes.
Governor of South Dakota, Kristi Noem, 53, has been chosen to lead the Department of Homeland Security, and will oversee critical functions including border security, the Secret Service and keeping the nation safe from naughty puppies. (Noem wrote in her new book, “No Going Back” that she had shot her darling little puppy, Cricket, “to teach her a lesson”).
Elon Musk, 53, and Vivek Ramaswamy, 39, have been selected to head a new “Department of Government Efficiency”, (DOGE) to maintain a sweeping oversight on government spending.
Elon Musk, the richest man in the world, was Trump’s greatest donor in his election campaign. He is a major government contractor and a beneficiary of federal spending. Ramaswamy, briefly a 2024 Republican presidential candidate, vowed during his election campaign to cut 50% -75% of federal appointments to be replaced by loyal political appointees.
Both favor the kind of “purge” of federal career employees who will be replaced with a bureaucracy loyal to the ruling party, a feature common in Banana Republics and authoritarian countries like Russia, China and North Korea, the leaders of which are greatly admired by Trump.
Going by Trump’s first term, when his senior appointments formed a part of a revolving door, these appointments too should be deemed temporary assignments to be served entirely at the pleasure of the beloved leader.
Except for Elon Musk, who, with his billionaire friends, own Trump. Musk has ingratiated himself with Trump, taken up residence at Mar a Lago and is already behaving as if he is the co-president. A clash of colossal egos seems to be deliciously on the menu.
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