Business
Increase in import expenditure outpaces rise in export earnings
Extracts of CBSL External Sector Performance – August 2021
Increased financial inflows bolstered Gross Official Reserves (GOR) during the month of August 2021, while merchandise exports exceeded US dollars 1.0 billion for the third consecutive month. However, the increase of import expenditure outpaced the increase of export earnings, resulting in an expansion of the trade deficit, compared to a year earlier. Tourist arrivals gathered some momentum in August 2021, recording a notable increase over the previous month, although the numbers remained low.
A moderation of workers’ remittances was observed in August 2021. Sri Lanka received the allocation of Special Drawing Rights (SDR) from the International Monetary Fund (IMF) as part of the general SDR allocation in 2021. Further, initial disbursements under the bilateral currency swap arrangement between the Central Bank of Sri Lanka and the Bangladesh Bank were received during August 2021. The average spot exchange rate in the interbank market remained broadly stable in August 2021, while pressures on the exchange rate were observed towards the end of the month, prompting the Central Bank to intervene in the foreign exchange market to stabilise the rupee.
Trade Balance and Terms of Trade
Trade Balance: The deficit in the trade account widened on a year-on-year (y-o-y) basis to US dollars 586 million in August 2021, compared to the deficit of US dollars 342 million recorded in August 2020. The cumulative deficit in the trade account from January to August 2021 also widened to US dollars 5,509 million from US dollars 3,812 million in the corresponding period of 2020. The major contributory factors that contributed to the widening of the trade deficit are shown in Figure 1.
Terms of Trade: Terms of trade, i.e., the ratio of the price of exports to the price of imports, deteriorated by 19.2 per cent in August 2021, compared to August 2020, as the increase in import prices surpassed the increase in export prices.
Performance of Merchandise Exports1
Overall exports: Earnings from exports in August 2021 grew by 16.2 per cent over August 2020 to reach US dollars 1,100 million, reaching the highest level of exports recorded in a month of August. Earnings from exports were marginally higher at US dollars 1,104 million in July 2021. Cumulative export earnings increased by 22.6 per cent during January-August 2021, amounting to US dollars 7,903 million, compared to US dollars 6,445 million recorded in the corresponding period in 2020. However, the recent gap of around US dollars 345 million per month, on average, between the merchandise outflow and the financial inflow related to such exports has been a matter of concern.
Industrial exports: Earnings from the export of industrial goods increased by 17.5 per cent in August 2021, compared to August 2020. This increase was due to a broad-based increase in earnings from most of the industrial products led by textiles and garments; petroleum products; rubber products; food, beverages and tobacco; and machinery and mechanical appliances. Export of garments to all major markets increased. Earnings from the export of petroleum products increased with the increase in prices of aviation and bunker fuel and the increase in volumes of bunker fuel exports. Increase in earnings from tyres and gloves led to higher earnings from rubber products.
Business
Sri Lanka betting its tourism future on cold, hard numbers
National Airport Exit Survey tells quite a story
Australia’s role here is strategic, not charitable
In a quiet but significant shift, Sri Lanka’s tourism sector is moving beyond traditional destination marketing and instinct-based planning. The recent launch of the “From Data to Decisions” initiative jointly backed by Australia’s Market Development Facility and the Sri Lanka Tourism Development Authority, sent an unambiguous message: sentiment is out, statistics are in.
The initiative is anchored by a 12-month National Airport Exit Survey, a trove of data covering 16,000 travellers. The findings sketch a new traveller profile: nearly half are young (20–35), independent, and book online. Galle, Ella, and Sigiriya are the hotspots; women travellers outnumber men; and a promising 45% plan to return. This isn’t just trivia. It’s a strategic blueprint. If Sri Lanka Tourism listens, it can tailor everything from infrastructure to marketing, moving from guesswork to precision.
The keynote speaker, Deputy Minister Prof. Ruwan Ranasinghe called data “a vital pillar of tourism transformation.” Yet the unspoken truth is that Sri Lanka has long relied on generic appeals -beaches, heritage, smiles. In today’s crowded market, that’s no longer enough. As SLTDA Chairman Buddhika Hewawasam noted, this partnership is about “elevating how we collect, analyse, and use data.”
Australia’s role here is strategic, not charitable. By funding research and advocating for a Tourism Satellite Account, it is helping Sri Lanka build a tourism sector that is both sustainable and measurable. Australian High Commissioner Matthew Duckworth linked this support to “global standards of environmental protection” – a clear nod to the growing demand for green travel. This isn’t just aid; it’s influence through insight.
“The real test lies ahead,” a tourism expert told The Island. “Data is only as good as the decisions it drives. Will these insights overcome bureaucratic inertia? Will marketing budgets actually follow the evidence toward younger, independent, female travellers?,” he asked.
“The comprehensive report promised for early 2026 must move swiftly from recommendation to action. In an era where destinations are discovered on Instagram and planned with algorithms, intuition alone is a high-stakes gamble. This forum made one thing clear: Sri Lanka is finally building its future on what visitors actually do – not just what we hope they’ll do. The numbers are in. Now, the industry must dare to follow them,” he said.
By Sanath Nanayakkare
Business
New ATA Chair champions Asia’s small tea farmers, unveils ambitious agenda
In his inaugural address as the new Chairman of the Asia Tea Alliance (ATA), Nimal Udugampola placed the region’s millions of smallholders at the core of the global tea industry’s future, asserting they are the “indispensable engine” of a sector that produces over 90% of the world’s tea.
Udugampola, who is also Chairman of Sri Lanka’s Tea Smallholdings Development Authority, used his speech at the 6th ATA Summit held in Colombo on Nov. 27 to declare that the prosperity of Asian tea is “entirely contingent” on the resilience of its small-scale farmers, who have historically been overlooked by premium global markets.
“In Sri Lanka, smallholders account for over 75% of our national production. Across Asia, millions of families maintain the quality and character of our regional teas,” he stated, accepting the chairmanship for the 2025-2027 term.
To empower this vital community, Udugampola unveiled a vision focused on Sustainability, Equity, and Digital Transformation. The strategic agenda includes:
Climate Resilience: Promoting climate-smart agriculture and regenerative farming to protect smallholdings from environmental disruption.
Digital Equity: Leveraging technology like blockchain to create farm-to-cup traceability, connecting smallholders directly with premium consumers and ensuring fair value.
Market Expansion: Driving innovation in tea products and marketing to attract younger consumers and enter non-traditional markets.
Standard Harmonization: Establishing common regional quality and sustainability standards to protect the “Asian Tea” brand and push for stable, fair pricing.
Linking the alliance’s goals to national ambition, Udugampola highlighted Sri Lanka’s target of producing 400 million kilograms of tea by 2030. He presented the country’s “Pivithuru Tea Initiative” as a model for other ATA nations, designed to achieve this through smallholder empowerment, digitalization, and aligned policy objectives.
By Sanath Nanayakkare
Business
Brandix recognised as Green Brand of Year at SLIM Awards 2025
Brandix Apparel Solutions was recognised as the Green Brand of the Year at the Sri Lanka Institute of Marketing (SLIM) Brand Excellence Awards 2025, taking home Silver, the highest award presented in the category this year.
The ‘Green Brand of the Year’ recognises the brand that drives measurable environmental impact through sustainable practices, climate-aligned goals and long-term commitment to protecting natural resources.
A pioneer in responsible apparel manufacturing for over two decades, Brandix has championed best practices in the sphere of sustainable manufacturing covering environmental, social, and governance aspects. The company built the world’s first Net Zero Carbon-certified apparel manufacturing facility (across Scope 1 and Scope 2) and meets over 60% of its energy requirement in Sri Lanka via renewable sources.
Head of ESG at Brandix, Nirmal Perera, said: “Being recognised as Green Brand of the Year is an encouraging milestone for our teams working across sustainability.”
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