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Increase in import expenditure outpaces rise in export earnings

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The CBSL publishes a ‘Monthly Trade Bulletin’ with further information on merchandise trade performance, which can be viewed at the Central Bank of Sri Lanka website under Statistics > Economic Indicators > Monthly Trade Bulletin. https://www.cbsl.gov.lk/en/monthly-trade-bulletin

Extracts of CBSL External Sector Performance – August 2021

Increased financial inflows bolstered Gross Official Reserves (GOR) during the month of August 2021, while merchandise exports exceeded US dollars 1.0 billion for the third consecutive month. However, the increase of import expenditure outpaced the increase of export earnings, resulting in an expansion of the trade deficit, compared to a year earlier. Tourist arrivals gathered some momentum in August 2021, recording a notable increase over the previous month, although the numbers remained low.

A moderation of workers’ remittances was observed in August 2021. Sri Lanka received the allocation of Special Drawing Rights (SDR) from the International Monetary Fund (IMF) as part of the general SDR allocation in 2021. Further, initial disbursements under the bilateral currency swap arrangement between the Central Bank of Sri Lanka and the Bangladesh Bank were received during August 2021. The average spot exchange rate in the interbank market remained broadly stable in August 2021, while pressures on the exchange rate were observed towards the end of the month, prompting the Central Bank to intervene in the foreign exchange market to stabilise the rupee.

Trade Balance and Terms of Trade

Trade Balance: The deficit in the trade account widened on a year-on-year (y-o-y) basis to US dollars 586 million in August 2021, compared to the deficit of US dollars 342 million recorded in August 2020. The cumulative deficit in the trade account from January to August 2021 also widened to US dollars 5,509 million from US dollars 3,812 million in the corresponding period of 2020. The major contributory factors that contributed to the widening of the trade deficit are shown in Figure 1.

Terms of Trade: Terms of trade, i.e., the ratio of the price of exports to the price of imports, deteriorated by 19.2 per cent in August 2021, compared to August 2020, as the increase in import prices surpassed the increase in export prices.

Performance of Merchandise Exports1

Overall exports: Earnings from exports in August 2021 grew by 16.2 per cent over August 2020 to reach US dollars 1,100 million, reaching the highest level of exports recorded in a month of August. Earnings from exports were marginally higher at US dollars 1,104 million in July 2021. Cumulative export earnings increased by 22.6 per cent during January-August 2021, amounting to US dollars 7,903 million, compared to US dollars 6,445 million recorded in the corresponding period in 2020. However, the recent gap of around US dollars 345 million per month, on average, between the merchandise outflow and the financial inflow related to such exports has been a matter of concern.

Industrial exports: Earnings from the export of industrial goods increased by 17.5 per cent in August 2021, compared to August 2020. This increase was due to a broad-based increase in earnings from most of the industrial products led by textiles and garments; petroleum products; rubber products; food, beverages and tobacco; and machinery and mechanical appliances. Export of garments to all major markets increased. Earnings from the export of petroleum products increased with the increase in prices of aviation and bunker fuel and the increase in volumes of bunker fuel exports. Increase in earnings from tyres and gloves led to higher earnings from rubber products.



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Hemas posts resilient nine-month results

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Ashish Chandra, Group Chief Executive Officer

During the quarter, macroeconomic conditions reflected selective cost pressures alongside areas of stability, with a moderated net impact on the Group’s performance.

The Sri Lankan Rupee depreciated by 2.4%, driven by higher import-related foreign exchange outflows and cyclone-related economic disruption. This created some pressure on imported inputs, particularly in Consumer Brands and Healthcare, which was partially mitigated through pricing actions, procurement discipline and cost optimisation initiatives.

Monetary conditions tightened, with the Average Weighted Prime Lending Rate (AWPLR) rising by 89 basis points to 8.94%. The impact on the Group was contained due to its strong balance sheet, negative net gearing and disciplined funding strategy, limiting the effect on finance costs.

Inflation remained low at 2.1%, helping to contain operating cost escalation and preserve consumer affordability. In parallel, softer global palm oil and crude oil prices provided relief on input and energy costs, partially offsetting currency pressures.

In December 2025, the IMF approved US$ 206 million in emergency financing to support Sri Lanka’s cyclone recovery. Sovereign credit ratings were maintained during the period, supporting overall macro stability and business confidence.

Impact from Cyclone Ditwah

Cyclone Ditwah, which struck Sri Lanka on 25 November, was one of the most severe natural disasters experienced by the country in recent decades. The cyclone resulted in an estimated US$ 4.1 billion in direct economic damage—approximately 4% of national GDP—impacting homes, agriculture, infrastructure and livelihoods, with nearly two million people affected nationwide.

The Group’s manufacturing and service facilities did not sustain any direct physical damage, reflecting the effectiveness of proactive preparedness measures and robust business continuity frameworks across our operations. However, in the affected areas, the broader business ecosystems were significantly disrupted due to damage to personal assets, commercial premises, inventory losses, and disruptions to public transportation & logistics infrastructure, adversely impacting our employees, distributors and retail partners, including pharmacies.

These factors led to temporary supply-chain and distribution disruption during November and December, alongside a short-term deterioration in consumer sentiment. As a result, demand softness was observed during the latter part of the third quarter, particularly within the Consumer Brands and Healthcare sectors. Demand has since stabilised, with encouraging recovery trends evident, entering the fourth quarter.

In parallel, the Group mobilised a coordinated, multi-sector disaster response, working closely with government authorities, community organisations and local stakeholders. The Group committed approximately Rs. 30 million in financial and in-kind humanitarian assistance, focused on immediate relief for vulnerable communities. In addition, the Group has factored in Rs. 200 million for targeted support to small and medium enterprises across our value chain through extended credit terms, stock replenishment and business restoration initiatives. (Hemas)

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Aviyana Ceylon chairman Dr. Thisara Hewawasam wins 2025 People’s Award for Business Leadership

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By Ifham Nizam

At a time when Sri Lanka is seeking to reposition itself as a premium tourism destination amid economic recovery and declining mass-market margins, Dr. Thisara Hewawasam, Chairman and Founder of Aviyana Ceylon, has been recognised with the 2025 People’s Award – Lifetime Achievement (VIP Category) for his contribution to business leadership and tourism-led economic transformation.

Dr. Hewawasam received the award at the 2025 People’s Awards ceremony held recently in Colombo, in recognition of his role in pioneering Sri Lanka’s first seven-star hotel project, Aviyana Ceylon, and for advancing globally competitive standards within the local hospitality sector.

The award was presented by Vietnam’s Ambassador to Sri Lanka Trinh Thi Tam, along with Parliamentarian Harshana Rajakaruna and Iconic Awards Director Asanka Athapattu, reflecting growing diplomatic and regional attention to Sri Lanka’s private-sector-driven growth narrative.

According to the official citation, the honour recognises Dr. Hewawasam’s leadership as a homegrown entrepreneur who translated long-term vision, discipline and innovation into a hospitality venture designed to compete at the highest international level. His work was acknowledged for strengthening Sri Lanka’s tourism brand while supporting national economic recovery through high-value investment, skills development and employment creation.

Crucially, the citation highlights that Dr. Hewawasam’s contribution extends beyond a single project. By positioning Aviyana Ceylon at the ultra-luxury end of the market, he has helped shift the national tourism conversation away from volume-led growth towards value-based tourism, a model increasingly viewed by policymakers as essential for improving foreign exchange earnings without overburdening infrastructure or natural ecosystems.

Industry analysts note that Sri Lanka’s tourism sector is at an inflection point, where attracting fewer but higher-spending visitors has become a strategic necessity. In this context, flagship developments such as Aviyana Ceylon are seen as confidence signals to international investors, demonstrating that locally led projects can meet global benchmarks in design, service quality and brand ambition.

The People’s Award—conferred only once in a recipient’s lifetime—serves as a public endorsement of leadership that delivers sustained national impact.

In recognising Dr. Hewawasam, the award highlights the growing role of domestic entrepreneurs in shaping Sri Lanka’s post-crisis growth model, particularly in sectors capable of delivering long-term foreign exchange stability.

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Corporate quarterly results continue to snag CSE vibrancy

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The CSE commenced on a positive note yesterday but later the All Share Price Index slumped due to corporate quarterly results not reaching expected levels, market analysts said.

Amid those developments both indices indicated mixed reactions. The All Share Price Index went down by 103.17 points, while the S and P SL20 rose by 2.48 points. Turnover stood at Rs 3.55 billion with seven crossings.

Those crossings were: Tokyo Cement 2.58 million shares crossed to the tune of Rs 268 million; its shares traded at Rs 104, ACL Cables one million shares crossed for Rs 100 million; its shares traded at Rs 100, Cargills Ceylon 75000 shares crossed for Rs 54.7 million; its shares traded at Rs 730, LB Finance 302000 shares crossed for Rs 49.5 million; its shares traded at Rs 164, Tokyo Cement (Non-Voting) 570,000 shares crossed for 49 million and its shares traded at Rs 85.90, Seylan Bank 430,000 shares crossed for Rs 47 million; its shares sold at Rs 109.50 and HNB (Non-Voting) 70600 shares crossed for Rs 28 million; its shares traded at Rs 369.

In the retail market top seven companies that mainly contributed to the turnover were; Cargills Rs 206.6 million (283,000 shares traded), Renuka Agri Rs 153.5 million (9.6 million shares traded), ACL Cables Rs 148 million (1.45 million shares traded), Easter Merchants Rs 140 million (8.11 million shares traded), TJ Lanka Rs 109 million (2.8 million shares traded), Ceylon Land and Equity Rs 106 million (4.9 million shares traded) and Colombo Dockyard Rs 76.6 million (517,000 shares traded). During the day 158 million share volumes changed hands in 34681 transactions.

It is said that construction related companies and manufacturing and financial services related companies performed well. Top negative contributors to the ASPI were Senkadagala Finance (down Rs 68.50 at 837), Cargills (Ceylon) (down Rs 21 at 730), and Dialog Axiata (down 60 cents at Rs 32.70).

Yesterday the rupee was quoted at Rs 309.50/55 to the US dollar in the spot market, from Rs 309.43/50 the previous day, dealers said, while bond yields dropped significantly.

A bond maturing on 15.12.2029 was quoted at 9.45/55 percent.

A bond maturing on 15.03.2031 was quoted at 9.82/87 percent.

A bond maturing on 01.10.2032 was quoted at 10.15/20 percent, down from 10.17/21 percent.

A bond maturing on 01.06.2033 was quoted at 10.45/50 percent, down from 10.50/54 percent.

A bond maturing on 01.11.2033 was quoted at 10.60/62 percent.

A bond maturing on 15.06.2034 was quoted at 10.65/70 percent, down from 10.77/81 percent.

A bond maturing on 15.06.2035 was quoted at 10.72/75 percent, down from 10.95/98 percent.

An auction of Rs. 90,000 million Treasury bills is scheduled to take place today and an auction of Rs 51,000 million Treasury bonds tomorrow.

By Hiran H Senewiratne

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