Business
Exploring the goodness of Sri Lankan natural sea salt and lagoon salt
By Dr Ajith Shanmuganathan
Salt has played a significant role throughout human history, enhancing the flavour of countless dishes. In recent times, natural sea salt and lagoon salt have gained popularity due to their unique characteristics and potential health benefits. This article aims to explore the goodness of these natural salts, highlighting their origins, extraction methods, mineral composition, and advantages for human consumption. By understanding the qualities and properties of sea salt and lagoon salt, individuals can make informed decisions about incorporating these natural salts into their diets.
The history of salt in Sri Lanka dates back thousands of years, with salt playing a significant role in the country’s culture, economy, and culinary traditions. The island’s geographical location, surrounded by the Indian Ocean, provided ample salt production and trade opportunities. Early records indicate that salt production in Sri Lanka can be traced back to ancient times.
The ancient chronicle, the Mahavamsa, mentions salt pans’ existence during King Pandukabhaya’s reign (4th century BCE). These salt pans, known as “Ussangoda,” were located in the Hambantota district and were a vital source of salt for the local population. Salt production expanded significantly during the Anuradhapura and Polonnaruwa periods (3rd century BCE – 13th century CE). Salt was primarily produced in shallow brine pools, where seawater was allowed to evaporate, leaving behind salt crystals. These pools, known as “Lunama,” were constructed along the coastline and in the interior regions near saltwater lagoons. The salt produced was primarily used for domestic consumption, preservation of food, and trade. Salt played a crucial role in the Sri Lankan economy during the medieval period. It was a valuable commodity subject to taxation and regulation by the ruling kings. In the 16th century, with the arrival of European colonial powers, the salt industry in Sri Lanka underwent significant changes. The Portuguese, Dutch, and British introduced new techniques and technologies in salt production. They constructed salt pans and introduced more efficient evaporation methods. The British, in particular, played a pivotal role in modernizing salt production and expanding its scale. They established large-scale saltworks in coastal areas, including Kalpitiya, Puttalam, and Hambantota, to cater to the growing demand. In the modern era, the salt industry in Sri Lanka has evolved further.
Today, salt production is primarily carried out through solar evaporation methods. Seawater is channelled into shallow pans or reservoirs and allowed to evaporate naturally under the sun’s heat. The remaining salt crystals are collected, washed, and processed for distribution. Salt production in Sri Lanka is concentrated in coastal areas and saltwater lagoons, including Hambantota, Puttalam, Kalpitiya, Mannar, and Trincomalee. These regions benefit from their proximity to the sea, allowing for salt extraction through solar evaporation methods.
Originating from the evaporation of seawater, natural sea salt is produced by collecting seawater in shallow pools and allowing it to evaporate under controlled conditions. This process ensures the retention of essential minerals and trace elements. Sea salt boasts many minerals, including magnesium, potassium, calcium, zinc, and iodine. These minerals are vital in maintaining electrolyte balance, supporting nerve function, and contributing to overall health and well-being. Consuming natural sea salt in moderation may offer potential health benefits, such as improved hydration, digestion, immune function, blood pressure regulation, respiratory health, and skin conditions. Lagoon salt, also known as salt flats or pans, is harvested from inland saltwater lagoons. These lagoons form when seawater enters shallow depressions and evaporates, leaving salt deposits behind. Lagoon salt is manually or mechanically collected from these salt flats. It is characterized by its high mineral content, including potassium, magnesium, and calcium. The specific mineral composition may vary depending on the geographical location and local conditions. Like sea salt, lagoon salt offers potential health benefits, such as supporting electrolyte balance, aiding muscle function, contributing to bone health, regulating blood sugar levels, and keeping a healthy cardiovascular system.
Natural sea salt and lagoon salt possess distinct characteristics. Sea salt is renowned for its briny flavour and coarse texture, making it ideal for finishing dishes. In contrast, lagoon salt often exhibits a milder taste and finer texture, which lends itself well to seasoning during cooking. Both salts serve as flavour enhancers in cooking and baking, offering versatility in various culinary applications. When selecting natural salts, it is crucial to prioritize sustainability and purity. Choosing salts harvested responsibly and free from additives or contaminants ensures the highest quality product. Incorporating natural sea salt into your culinary endeavours enhances your dishes’ flavours and offers potential health benefits through its rich mineral content. Embrace the goodness of these natural salts and savour the depth of flavour they bring to your meals.
(The writer is a Chartered Engineer and Consultant in business administration & Engineering and a Volunteer of IMechE and IET)
Business
Russian Federation ‘deeply considering’ supplying SL’s energy needs
The Russian Federation is deeply considering supplying energy/fuel to Sri Lanka to prevent an energy crisis due to the escalating Middle East war, Russian Deputy Foreign Minister Andrey Rudenko said.
‘We are very much keen to support Sri Lanka and provide fuel/energy to Sri Lanka. This is still under consideration but it would be a positive response from our side, Rudenko said at a media forum yesterday in Colombo. The forum was organised by Pathfinder Foundation Sri Lanka and held at Colombo Club, Taj Samudra Hotel.
Rudenko who made a brief official visit to Sri Lanka said that the Middle East conflict is quite serious and that most Asian countries, including Sri Lanka, are affected by it in areas such as transportation, energy/ fuel and food security. ‘The supply chains related to these sectors have been disrupted for many countries. The escalating war situation in Iran and the Gulf region will affect most economies of the world, he said.
The Deputy Minister said that Russia is still not affected by the crisis but it could be impacted if the war continues for sometime.
‘We will be looking for a convenient payment method for Sri Lankan, when it comes to trade and investments in the future, Rudenko added.
Responding to questions Rudenko said that at present the United Nations is not doing anything to put a full stop to the war and a need of the hour is to strengthen the United Nations to change the world order.
By Hiran H Senewiratne
Business
Lankem taps Eppawala phosphate to launch Sri Lanka’s first SSP fertiliser plant
Event coincides with volatility in global fertiliser markets
Sri Lanka’s long-discussed Eppawala rock phosphate deposit has finally begun feeding a domestic fertiliser value chain, with Lankem Ceylon PLC unveiling the country’s first locally manufactured Single Super Phosphate (SSP) fertiliser in a Rs. 3 billion industrial venture aimed at reducing import dependence and strengthening agricultural resilience.
The product, branded ‘Mada Raja’, was launched at a ceremony in Colombo on March 30, marking the commissioning of a new state-of-the-art manufacturing facility operated by Lankem Minerals Ltd, a fully owned subsidiary of the diversified conglomerate.
With an annual production capacity of 50,000 metric tonnes, the plant is expected to meet up to 80% of Sri Lanka’s SSP fertiliser requirement, positioning the company to play a strategic role in stabilising fertiliser supply at a time when global supply chains remain vulnerable to geopolitical disruptions.
The project is also the first significant industrial initiative in recent years to systematically utilise Eppawala rock phosphate, one of the country’s key mineral resources. Lankem Minerals will source over 30,000 metric tonnes annually from Lanka Phosphate Ltd, thereby strengthening a domestic fertiliser value chain while generating economic activity in the Anuradhapura region.
Speaking at the launch, Lankem Ceylon PLC Managing Director Suren Goonawardene said the initiative reflects a broader effort to reduce Sri Lanka’s dependence on imported fertilisers and build local industrial capability.
“The launch of ‘Mada Raja’ represents a significant step forward in building Sri Lanka’s agricultural resilience,” he said. “As a group we are focused on enabling long-term national value creation by strengthening domestic capability while supporting farmers through locally manufactured solutions.”
The project itself was not a quick undertaking. According to company officials, the concept was first initiated in 2015, followed by nearly a decade of research, technical trials and regulatory clearances before the plant reached commissioning.
A senior official involved in the project said the long development timeline was largely due to the unique mineral composition of Eppawala phosphate.
Earlier fertiliser formulations had typically relied on sedimentary phosphate sources, while the Eppawala deposit contains crystalline rock phosphate, which behaves differently during chemical processing.
“This fundamental difference in mineral structure directly affects how the end product reacts,” the official explained. “The same parameters used for conventional raw materials could not be applied identically.”
The company therefore had to undertake extensive laboratory work and industrial trials to refine the process. During this period, Lankem also worked closely with regulators and technical agencies to ensure the product met recognised standards.
The Sri Lanka Standards Institution, National Fertiliser Secretariat, and the Ministry of Science and Technology were engaged in the process, which eventually led to refinements in the regulatory framework and alignment with ISO-based quality standards.
“Through professional collaboration with the relevant institutions, the standards were enhanced and refined,” the official said. “Today we are unveiling a product that has passed through a rigorous framework of testing and compliance.”
Beyond the industrial and economic dimensions, the company says the product also addresses a growing agronomic challenge: sulphur deficiency in Sri Lankan soils.
Unlike conventional fertilisers such as Triple Super Phosphate (TSP), which primarily supply phosphorus, SSP provides a combination of phosphorus, sulphur and calcium.
This integrated nutrient profile helps improve root development, protein synthesis and soil structure, contributing to better crop performance and long-term soil health.
Lankem Minerals Chairman Ananda Hettiarachchy said the shift toward balanced nutrient management is becoming increasingly important for sustainable agriculture.
By Sanath Nanayakkare
Business
Ambuluwawa sends a message of peace to the world
30th anniversary marked with global initiatives, tourism surge, and meditation focus
Perched above the historic town of Gampola, where rolling hills meet drifting clouds, Ambuluwawa emerged this week as a powerful symbol of peace, sustainability, and renewal.
Marking the 30th anniversary of the Ambuluwawa Religious and Biodiversity Complex, foundation stones were laid for an International Meditation Centre and an International Library—two landmark initiatives aimed at promoting global harmony, spiritual reflection, and knowledge sharing.
The ceremony, held Saturday morning, was graced by the Maha Sangha, whose presence infused the occasion with deep spiritual significance.
Among them were the Most Venerable Karagoda Uyangoda Maithree Moorthi Mahanayake Thera of the Amarapura Maha Nikaya, Most Venerable Makulewe Wimala Mahanayake Thera of the Ramanna Maha Nikaya, Most Venerable Niyangoda Vijithasiri Anunayake Thera of the Malwathu Chapter of the Siyam Nikaya, and Most Venerable Wedaruwe Upali Anunayake Thera of the Asgiri Chapter.
At a time when global tensions and conflicts continue to claim lives, the Maha Sangha collectively invoked blessings for peace. Their message was clear and compelling: may the flames of war be extinguished, may lives be protected, and may all nations coexist in unity and compassion.
A solemn Sathya Kriya (act of truth) was conducted at the Ambuluwawa auditorium with the participation of Diyawadana Nilame Pradeep Nilanga Dela, MP and Attorney-at-Law Anuradha Jayaratne, and a large gathering of devotees.
Complementing the day’s proceedings, a spiritually significant all-night Pirith chanting ceremony was held on March 29 inside a specially constructed chamber within the iconic Ambuluwawa tower. As sacred chants resonated through the cool mountain air, they carried with them prayers for global healing, serenity, and the well-being of all living beings.
Beyond its spiritual essence, Ambuluwawa stands as one of Sri Lanka’s most remarkable biodiversity sanctuaries. Rising from a single mountain peak, it encompasses a rare concentration of ecological zones, supporting a diverse range of endemic plant and animal species.
This unique environmental setting has made Ambuluwawa a living example of conservation in action, where biodiversity is preserved alongside cultural and religious heritage.
Speaking at the event, Ambuluwawa Complex Chairman, Jayaratne highlighted the remarkable transformation of Ambuluwawa under its new management.
He noted that annual income had surged to around Rs. 300 million from a modest Rs. 11 million in earlier years, reflecting improved management and growing public interest. Tourist arrivals have also increased significantly—from around 15,000 visitors in the past to over 50,000 within the last four years—underscoring the site’s rising appeal both locally and internationally.
Jayaratne expressed confidence that, with the continued blessings and guidance of the Maha Sangha, Ambuluwawa would witness even greater development in the years ahead.
He emphasised that future initiatives would be carefully aligned with environmental sustainability and spiritual values.
Indeed, over the past decade, Ambuluwawa has steadily evolved into a major tourism hotspot.
Drawn by its distinctive tower, panoramic views, and multi-religious symbolism, visitors increasingly regard it as a unique destination that blends nature, culture, and spirituality. Authorities believe this tourism momentum can be further strengthened through carefully planned, eco-friendly initiatives.
Among these is a proposed cable car project aimed at improving access to the summit while minimising environmental disruption. If implemented with sustainability at its core, the project is expected to enhance visitor experience and elevate Ambuluwawa’s status on the global tourism map.
Central to the future vision, however, is meditation. The planned International Meditation Centre is expected to transform Ambuluwawa into a hub for spiritual tourism, attracting practitioners and seekers from around the world. In an age marked by stress and uncertainty, the tranquil surroundings of Ambuluwawa offer an ideal setting for mindfulness, reflection, and inner healing.
As it marks three decades of existence, Ambuluwawa stands at the crossroads of tradition and transformation. With its blend of biodiversity, spirituality, and growing tourism potential, it continues to send a timeless message to the world—that peace is possible when humanity learns to live in harmony with nature and within itself.
By Ifham Nizam
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