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Midweek Review

A question of integrity:Nepotism in politics and favouritism

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Things are getting ‘curiouser and curiouser’

The National People’s Power (NPP) government is under intense public scrutiny. The recent appointment of retired Commodore M.B.N.A. Premarathne as new Commissioner General of Exercise drew heavy public condemnation as the media revealed his wife, senior Professor Wasantha Subasinghe, who had been on the NPP National List at the last parliamentary election held in November 2024, recently received appointment as Vice Chancellor of the Gampaha Wickramarachchi University of Indigenous Medicine. Social media erupted with adverse comments on the appointments.

Premarathne succeeded U.L. Udaya Kumara Perera, a Special Grade Officer of the Inland Revenue Service, who retired on 10 July, 2025, having reached the mandatory retirement age of 60. The Excise Department had been placed under a retired military officer.

The public questioned the appointments against the backdrop of severe NPP criticism over the years of nepotism in public sector appointments. She was one of the 13 nominees not lucky enough to get a National List slot. The Parliament consists of 29 nominated and 196 elected members.

The following were the NPP National List nominees: Bimal Niroshan Rathnayake , Dr. Anura Karunathilake, Prof. Upali Pannilage, Eranga Udesh Weerarathna, Aruna Jayasekara, Dr. Harshana Sooriyapperuma, Janitha Ruwan Kodithuwakku, Punya Sri Kumara Jayakody, Ramalingam Chandrasekar, Dr. Najith Indika, Sugath Thilakaratne Lakmali Kanchana Hemachandra, Sunil Kumara Gamage, Gamini Rathnayake, Prof. Ruwan Chaminda Ranasinghe, Sugath Wasantha de Silva Abubakar Adambawa (Digamadulla District candidate), and Ranthnayake Hettige Upali Samarasinghe (Vanni District candidate).

Perhaps Prof. Subasinghe could have been appointed to Parliament through the National List if not for the controversial NPP decision to choose two defeated candidates, namely Abubakar Adambawa and Ranthnayake Hettige Upali Samarasinghe.

The NPP appeared to have conveniently forgotten its own high profile campaign, not only against nepotism in public sector appointments but favoured treatment to retired armed forces officers.

The Opposition is likely to press the NPP government over Premarathne’s appointment. The Excise Department is one of the three main revenue earners for the government. The other institutions are the Inland Revenue and the Sri Lanka Customs. Over the years, its reputation has been badly tarnished by corruption and manipulation at the highest level. During the Wickremesinghe-Rajapaksa administration (July 2022-Sept 2024), the Excise Department received the wrath of the Opposition, including the NPP, for backing Ranil Wickremesinghe’s abortive presidential election bid.

The Parliament has repeatedly found fault with the Inland Revenue, the Sri Lanka Customs and the Excise Department for failing to meet revenue targets. Their failures have been essentially blamed on corruption at all levels. Is Premarathne the best choice for this vital post? Can he meet the challenging task? The Opposition is likely to target the Excise Department as it battles to paint a bleak picture of the developing situation. Having promised transparency and accountability in the run-up to the presidential and parliamentary polls last year, the NPP owes the public a lucid explanation regarding the near simultaneous appointment of the retired Navy officer and his wife to public sector positions.

Social media platforms have given the public a limitless opportunity to vent their anger at the government. Commodore Premaratne’s appointment as Excise chief surprised many, particularly against the NPP’s harsh criticism of the previous administrations of their failure to run revenue earning mechanisms professionally.

The NPP’s accusations against other political parties appeared to have backfired on them.

Role for ex-military

The Rajapaksas were severely criticised for accommodating retired military officers in the public sector at the expense of deserving civilians. Quite a number of diplomatic postings, too, were offered to the ex-military, whereas some serving officers received top appointments.

Following the 2019 presidential election, a section of the media carried lists of ex-military officers holding public sector positions. In fact, both the UNP and the SLFP-led coalitions, as well as the SLPP, treated the ex-military lavishly.

The NPP that fielded Anura Kumara Dissanayake at the 2024 presidential election is led by the JVP. Dissanayake is the leader of both the JVP and the NPP that came into being only in 2019.

Commodore Premarathne’s appointment should be examined against the backdrop of the role played by the retired military officers/personnel grouping in the NPP’s triumph at national elections last year. Throughout the presidential-parliamentary polls campaigns, the retired military grouping played a significant role in transforming public mindset. Emergence of retired Air Vice Marshal Sampath Thuiyakontha, as a key speaker at NPP platform, upset the Wickremesinghe-Rajapaksa government to such an extent that President Wickremeisnghe, in his capacity as the Defence Minister, imposed sanctions on the celebrated helicopter gunship pilot. The Defence Ministry ordered bases not to welcome him. Thuiyakontha hit back hard by seeking the intervention of the Supreme Court to overturn the Defence Ministry decision. The ex-AVM won the battle. The government ended up with egg on its face. Today Thuiyakontha is the Secretary to the Ministry of Defence. Who could have anticipated the JVP/NPP picking a war veteran to receive the appointment as Secretary Defence and the unceremonious scrapping of the Chief of Defence Staff (CDS) post?

The NPP also brought in retired Maj. Gen. Aruna Jayasekera, who had also been a speaker on its political platforms, as the Deputy Minister of Defence. The Opposition never expected two senior retired military officers at such crucial positions in a JVP/NPP government, especially against the backdrop of the ruling party being at the receiving end of two bloody military crackdowns directed at them in 1971 and 1987-1990. Having launched two insurrections, the JVP suffered at the hands of the military like no other political party. The military, police and paramilitary groups, formed by the UNP, eradicated the top JVP leadership leaving only Somawansa Amarasinghe, who survived by the skin of his teeth by escaping to India on a boat before the military/government death squads could get their hands on him. He, too, could have been eliminated if not for the timely intervention of the Indian authorities who carried out a clandestine operation to remove him. Did some influential section of the then UNP facilitate the operation is a question that has never been honestly answered?

The NPP has indicated in no uncertain terms that whatever it campaigned for during national elections those who served its interests during difficult times would be looked after. In fact, those who threw their weight behind the NPP, at the onset of the Aragalaya that forced President Gotabaya Rajapaksa out of office, should be appreciated from the point of view of the NPP. The writer doesn’t see any wrong in that reasoning. The appointment of Rear Admiral (retd.) Fred Seneviratne, as Sri Lanka’s High Commissioner to Pakistan, is a case in point. Seneviratne had been among those ex-senior military officers on NPP political platforms. Seneviratne, VSV, USP, psc, MSc (DS) assumed duties at the Sri Lanka High Commission, in Islamabad, on Thursday, 26 June, 2025.

For a long time, the top envoy’s position in Pakistan has been largely reserved for a retired military officer, regardless of the political party in power. There is no exception during the conflict that ended in 2009 and after. Pakistan is one of the few countries that backed the war against separatist Tamil terrorists.

The first post-Aragalaya parliamentary election paved the way for ex-military men to enter Parliament on the NPP ticket. Lieutenant Commander Prageeth Madhuranga (Gampaha) and Maj. Gen. G.D. Sooriyabandara (Kurunegala) were among the elected NPP members of its 159-member parliamentary group. Before the Aragalaya, the JVP/NPP fielding any ex-military officers at parliamentary elections sounded unreal. But Aragalaya has turned Sri Lanka politics upside down and the overall political environment changed to such an extent, the Rajapaksas had quite clearly lost the monopoly in fielding ex-military types at elections.

Controversial moves

The JVP/NPP lambasted the Rajapaksas bandyism and favouring close associates. The Rajapaksa family did that on an industrial scale. There was absolutely no limit to such political appointments. In fact, that had been one major campaign slogan against them at national elections in 2010, 2015, 2019, 2020 and 2024. However, the NPP, having been critical of nepotism, had no qualms in fielding Bimal Rathnayake’s wife Samanmalee Gunasinghe, a member of the JVP Central Committee from the Colombo district. While Bimal Rathnayake entered Parliament as the NPP’s first nominated member, Samanmalee Gunasinghe was elected. Now the Rathnayake duo represent the current Parliament.

The NPP’s General Secretary Dr. Nihal Abeysinghe and his son Chathuranga successfully contested Kalutara and Colombo districts, respectively, at the last parliamentary elections.

Political parties, representing the Opposition, cannot protest at such moves as they, right throughout parliamentary politics, practiced nepotism. However, the public can question such duplicitous conduct, especially through social media from those who cried hoarse about bringing a system change, but are now doing the exact same wrongs, albeit little by little. So folks don’t be surprised if it becomes an avalanche before long.

At the onset of AKD presidency, controversy erupted when he picked close friend and a contemporary at the Kelaniya University Nandika Sanath Kumanayake as Secretary to the President. Some questioned Kumanayake’s capacity to handle high pressure assignments though he had served as a Deputy Director of Customs. Of course President Dissanayake cannot be faulted for choosing a person he trusted.

Subsequently, the NPP drew fire when SSP Shanie Abeysekera and Senior DIG Ravi Seneviratne had been brought back from retirement with the intention of launching an all-out offensive, targeting those the government alleged were responsible for the 2019 Easter Sunday carnage. Now the continuing controversy over their appointments has taken a new turn with Leader of the House Bimal Rathnayake’s recent declaration that the two top ex-cops were taken back at the request of the Catholic Church. Rathnayake, without hesitation, named Archbishop of Colombo Malcolm Cardinal Ranjith as the prime mover in bringing back Messrs Abeysekera and Seneviratne.

Obviously there is no big mystery for the duo to crack as far as the Easter carnage is concerned, where outside forces hoodwinked local Muslim fanatics to carry out the dastardly acts by making them believe they were doing it for Al Qaeda.

The Catholic Church hasn’t contradicted the responsible NPPer’s declaration. Therefore, the Church’s intervention in making key appointments -Abeysekera as Director CID and Seneviratne as Secretary to the Ministry of Public Security Ministry – will now stick.

The recent dispute over the NPP move to appoint Pushpitha Chandana Hewa Kondilage as the Auditor General underscored the responsibility on the part of all concerned to adopt an open procedure. The move to bring in Kondilage now on the CPC Board of Directors, as the AG, drew widespread condemnation. They pushed for the formalisation of the appointment of Dharmapala Gammanpila, the Acting AG, with three decades of experience in the field.

The Committee on High Posts, chaired by Premier Dr. Harini Amarasuriya, granted approval for the appointment of retired Air Force Commander, Air Chief Marshal R.A.U.P. Rajapaksa, as the Sri Lanka High Commissioner to the Republic of South Africa.

The appointment of former Chief Justice Jayantha Jayasuriya, PC, as Sri Lanka’s Permanent Representative to the United Nations, in New York, Nimal Senadheera, a former Sri Lanka Administrative Service (SLAS) officer, currently pursuing a PhD in Scotland, as the High Commissioner to the United Kingdom, Prof. Janaka Kumarasinghe as Ambassador to Japan, and Prof. Arusha Cooray as Ambassador to the United Arab Emirates (UAE), proved that the NPP will pursue its agenda, regardless of criticism. The government has simply ignored the protests by the Sri Lanka Foreign Service Association in this regard.

Speaker challenged

An issue that failed to attract sufficient media attention is the complaint lodged by Nawa Jathika Peramuna with the Commission to Investigate Allegations of Bribery or Corruption (CIABOC) recently against Speaker Dr. Jagath Wickramaratne.

The complaint filed in terms of the Public Property Act and 2023 Anti-Corruption Act may not have received media attention at all if not for a hastily prepared press release issued by the Parliament. The move made by Nawa Jathika Peramuna is stimulating as its leader Sugeeshwara Bandara was the Private Secretary to the seventh executive President Gotabaya Rajapaksa.

Having backed Ranil

Wickremesinghe’s candidature at the 2024 presidential election, Sugeeswara Bandara’s move, is politically motivated and meant to humiliate the NPP. But, the political activist may find himself in hot water if unable to substantiate accusations directed at the Speaker and Parliament.

The bone of contention is whether the incumbent Speaker used an additional vehicle more than the two vehicles as stipulated, the use of a government housing unit other than the Speaker’s official residence and the favoured status granted to a member of his personal staff. The Parliament assured us that the Speaker’s personal staff comprised eight of whom four received a vehicle each and fuel allowance in terms of the relevant circulars. Nawa Janatha Peramuna insisted that according to information available, personal staff consisted of 15. Let CIABOC investigate and verify charges levelled by Bandara. If the former personal staffer of Gotabaya Rajapaksa is wrong, he must be prepared to face the consequences.

Parliament has completely contradicted Bandara’s claim pertaining to the conduct of the Speaker, whereas the activist posed a set of questions numbering 10 to the Parliament.

There had never been a previous instance of a Speaker being accused of corruption. The statement issued by Parliament, dated 06 July, disclosed that the incumbent Speaker on his own, this year, restricted the amount of litres of fuel he is entitled for to 900 litres, whereas previous Speakers drew unlimited quantities of fuel.

The previous and the NPP government’s first Speaker, Asoka Ranwala, had to leave his post under rather questionable circumstances as he could not confirm his claimed doctorate.

Bandara asked whether the Speaker received 900 litres of fuel in addition to the fuel allowance he received along with his monthly salary.

CIABOC will have to verify the high profile accusations. The Parliament cannot, under any circumstances, act in a manner that generated suspicions among the public as the country experienced extreme difficulties due to the continuing economic crisis. The decision on the part of the Speaker and Parliament to issue a statement contradicting accusations highlighted the gravity of the developing situation.

Interestingly, it was announced, last week, that the Speaker wants to convert his official residence into a knowledge hub for all elected public representatives from lowly local bodies to Parliament.

The NPP is struggling to maintain its public posture amidst various issues. The ruling party has succumbed to political pressures to such an extent, it ended up forging alliances with those who had been once called corrupt. Public responded with disbelief when the NPP reached consensus with those who had been previously accused of waste, corruption and irregularities teamed up with the NPP to form Local Government administrations. Norwood Pradeshiya Sabha is a case in point.

The Opposition will find it difficult to challenge the NPP in or outside Parliament as the public, at the presidential and parliamentary elections, annihilated them. They cannot take advantage of the developments while in power as their governments did the same.

Political parties represented in Parliament have remained silent on the issues raised by the Nawa Jathika Peramuna. At least the former Speakers who had been accused of using fuel allowance without restrictions should respond to the declaration made by Parliament.

Let me end this piece by reminding the lone battle fought by top House administrative official Lacille de Silva during Chandrika Bandaranaike Cumaratunga’s presidency when the then Speaker, the late W.J.M. Lokubandara, sacked him. The Speaker swiftly moved against de Silva after the JVP frontliner (current Minister in the NPP government) Lal Kantha lambasted Parliament for waste, corruption and irregularities on the basis of information provided by de Silva.

Ranil Wickremesinghe served as the Prime Minister during this period. Intrepid official successfully moved the Supreme Court against the Speaker’s move and emerged triumphant when the Supreme Court ruled against the controversial sacking. The Island, throughout de Silva’s campaign, stood by him. Lacille de Silva courageously made a series of disclosures that exposed those who sought to take cover behind parliamentary privileges.

The parliament, over the years, launched high profile projects to attract public attention. Some of these projects received the financial backing of the United Nations development Programme (UNDP). Perhaps the Parliament, and those working with the highest institution, should examine the conduct of the House.

Sri Lanka cannot continue with waste, corruption, irregularities and mismanagement at any level anywhere. The legislature, under any circumstances, cannot be above the law of the land. The same should apply to the executive, as well.

By Shamindra Ferdianndo



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Midweek Review

Nobel Peace Prize for Pillay draws global attention to Eelam war

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Navi Pillay visits Kilinochchi in late August, 2013.

Having failed on multiple occasions to reach consensus with the LTTE, Sri Lanka, finally, during President Mahinda Rajapaksa tenure, launched all-out war. The LTTE lasted two years and 10 months. In spite of warnings regarding a long drawn out hit and run campaign, the group couldn’t reorganise. The rest is history

By Shamindra Ferdinando

The recent award of the 2026 Nobel Peace Prize to South African jurist and former United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights Navanethem Pillay, 85, drew global attention to Sri Lanka’s successful war against the separatist Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE). Sri Lanka brought the war to an end a year after Pillay succeeded Louise Arbour (2004 to 2008) as UN Human Rights Chief.

Congratulating Pillay, the only UN Human Rights chief to win the Nobel Peace Prize, Dr. Jehan Perera, on behalf of the National Peace Council (NPC), issued a press release which was aptly headlined, citing the main obvious agenda of the NGO lobby – ‘Nobel Peace Prize to Navanethem Pillay is reminder to Sri Lanka of unfinished commitments’ (https://island.lk/nobel-peace-prize-to-navanethem-pillay-is-reminder-to-sri-lanka-of-unfinished-commitments-npc/)

Pillay currently serves as a temporary judge on the International Court of Justice (ICJ), presiding over the case where Myanmar is under investigation for perpetrating genocide.

The Global Tamil Forum (GTF), too, cheered, stating that for the Tamil people in Sri Lanka, Ms. Pillay’s contribution, during her tenure as United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, holds particular significance. The UK headquartered GTF stated: “At a time when the grave allegations of war crimes and crimes against humanity, committed in Sri Lanka, risked being forgotten or marginalised, she helped ensure that accountability remained firmly on the international agenda. Her call for an international investigation marked an important moment in the continuing struggle for truth and justice for the victims and survivors of the Sri Lankan conflict. Although meaningful justice remains elusive to this day, the international attention sustained through these efforts continues to offer hope to victims, survivors and their families. (https://www.newswire.lk/2026/10/13/gtf-congratulates-navi-pillay-on-nobel-peace-prize-recalls-her-calls-for-sri-lanka-war-crimes-probe/)

The Tamil Guardian, too, applauded Pillay’s intervention in Sri Lanka (https://www.tamilguardian.com/content/nobel-laureate-navi-pillay-and-long-fight-hold-sri-lanka-account). Did the Norwegian Nobel Committee meticulously examine Pillay’s role in Sri Lanka? Comprehensive examination of her role is of critical importance as Norway-led mostly one sided peace process here created mayhem.

Let us discuss the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights during the period Pillay held the top post, from 2008 to 2014. Her term commenced on 01 September, 2008, as the LTTE was resisting a multi-pronged ground offensive, targeting Kilinochchi, which the group considered as its administrative headquarters, after the loss of Jaffna peninsula, during the 1995/1996 period.

Pillay’s Office hadn’t been worried as the LTTE continued to boast it held the upper hand in the northern theatre of operations. The Tamil Diaspora, too, remained confident of the fighting prowess of the LTTE, though Mahinda Rajapaksa’s government sustained the offensive, while all self-appointed pundits said Sri Lankan security forces were incapable of defeating the LTTE, including some of our so-called expert columnists here, who were actually cheerleaders for the Western agenda. Pillay was obviously deceived. Geneva wasn’t really bothered about the situation on the ground in spite of the fighting formations making slow but steady progress.

Those who believed in the LTTE’s battlefield invincibility were jolted when the Army regained Kilinochchi on 02 January, 2009. The often repeated myth was shattered. The armed forces achieved the notable target two months short of two years after the launch of their Vanni campaign. The loss of Kilinochchi made the outcome of the Eelam war a foregone conclusion.

The government disregarded the LTTE’s repeated warnings that Colombo would be bombed if the Army attempted to regain Kilinochchi. The fall of Kilinochchi, just four months after Pillay’s new appointment, should have galvanized Geneva. Unfortunately, Geneva failed to act swiftly and decisively. Had Geneva, with the backing of Sri Lanka peace co-chairs, namely the US, Norway, Japan and EU, brought real pressure on the LTTE the final onslaught on the Vanni east front could have been averted. Thousands of lives could have been saved. But, Geneva pursued its own agenda, regardless of the LTTE resorting to gathering large-scale civilian human shields.

It would be pertinent to mention that Pillay herself conceded, in March, 2009, that the LTTE used civilians as human shields, shot those who left and forcibly recruited people, including children, to fight. But, in her capacity as the UN Human Rights chief, she stopped short of demanding the immediate release of civilians held as human shield. Perhaps, Pillay’s Indian Tamil origin discouraged her from making such a call. Those who applauded the Nobel Peace Prize for Pillay should examine their own response to the LTTE’s widespread use of civilian shields and children in combat operations during the January-May 19, 2009 period.

UN inaction

The UN obviously responded to the then developing situation in Sri Lanka on the presumption that the armed forces lacked the wherewithal to bring the war to a successful conclusion. Pillay and then UN Secretary General South Korean Ban-ki moon misjudged the situation in Sri Lanka.

Both appeared to have believed the LTTE myth, floated by the West, that in spite of heavy battlefield beatings, it had the military depth to halt the armed forces offensive. Reappraisal of UN operations here could easily establish Ban-ki moon and Pillay’s predecessor Louise Arbour never really sought to pressure the LTTE not to prolong the bloodshed by literally backing its crazy demands. In fact, the UN failed to realise that the liberation of the entire Eastern Province by the second week of July 2007 may pave the way for a determined government bid to regain the entire Vanni region.

The UN, obviously, failed to take into consideration the launch of the Vanni offensive in March 2007, months ahead of the conclusion of major operations in the Eastern theatre.

Seeing how the UN has been behaving in places like Gaza, West Bank, Lebanon and elsewhere, luckily for us Mahinda Rajapaksa stuck to his guns, but the West is now exacting revenge from that family through its proxies.

The UN secretly negotiated for the release of two UN workers held by the LTTE in the Vanni. The Colombo-based UN bigwigs kept the incident under wraps believing that the LTTE would eventually free them.

In spite of the UN Headquarters receiving information regarding the incident, an influential section of the Colombo-based diplomatic community strived to resolve the dispute without bringing it to the notice of the government. The UN office in Colombo should have brought the incident immediately to the notice of the government.

The LTTE accused Tamil UN staffers of helping Tamils flee the LTTE-held region. Civilians began fleeing the region amidst signs that fighting could be intensified.

The UN brought the detention of UN workers to the notice of the government after all its efforts failed to convince the LTTE. The LTTE is believed to have detained UN workers for about a month. We haven’t heard of the UN ever seeking punitive action against the LTTE. The responsibilities of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights cannot be discussed without examining the overall UN response to the Sri Lanka war.

The UN turned a blind eye to the forcible recruitment of children by the LTTE. Ban Ki-moon or Pillay never bothered to revisit the agreement that had been finalised during President Chandrika Bandaranaike Kumaratunga’s tenure. The agreement worked out among the government, the UN, the ICRC and the LTTE was meant to stop the despicable practice of deploying child soldiers.

An unprecedented agreement

Had the UN taken meaningful measures to ensure the implementation of the agreement, the war wouldn’t have lasted so long. There had never been a similar agreement during the conflict here. Interestingly, none of those demanding accountability, on the part of the government of Sri Lanka, never bothered to push for the implementation of the unprecedented agreement, finalised by the then UNSG Kofi Atta Annan’s Special Representative, Olara Otunnu, in early May, 1998 (UN, LTTE to discuss modalities with strap line Pledge to stop using children in combat – The Island, May 11, 1998). Otunnu visited the Vanni, with the blessings of the then Foreign Minister Lakshman Kadirgamar, to discuss the arrangement with a British citizen, of Sri Lankan origin, Anton Balasingham, who was also the official Tiger Theoretician, and Thamilselvam.

At the conclusion of Otunnu’s weeklong visit, the UN mission, in Colombo, proudly declared that political advisor Balasingham, and Political Wing leader, Thamilselvam, had, on behalf of LTTE leader Velupillai Prabhakaran, assured an immediate stop to using children in combat operations.

A jubilant Otunnu declared, in Vavuniya, that the LTTE had agreed for the setting up of a mechanism to monitor commitments made to the UN (Tigers agree to end use of chidren below 18 in combat – The Island, May 9, 1998). Having succeeded Boutros Ghali as UN Chief, in 1997, Annan intervened in Sri Lanka though his predecessor did absolutely nothing to end the bloodshed in Sri Lanka. However, at the time of the disastrous Indian intervention here, Pérez de Cuéllar had been at the helm at the UN. Unfortunately, Annan failed to implement the agreement. Foreign Minister Kadirgamar quite rightly urged the LTTE to adhere to the agreement.

A skeptical Kadirgamar told the writer that it was the UN’s responsibility to ensure the implementation of the agreement. Kadirgamar asserted that it was nothing but propaganda as the LTTE couldn’t sustain its war effort without fresh cadres joining the depleted fighting formations (Transform commitments into action, Government urges LTTE – The Island, May 9, 1998). Otunnu had been the first foreign official to hold talks with the LTTE, with Sri Lanka’s blessings, since the Gandhi assassination, in May, 1991. Perhaps, the LTTE used the UN to boost its image in the wake of the US designating the group, in the previous year, as a Foreign Terrorist Organisation.

Salient points of the UN-LTTE agreement:

* The LTTE promised to immediately stop deployment of children under 18 years of age. The group also promised to end the recruitment of children, below the age of 17 years.

* The LTTE assured not to interfere with those war displaced families wanting to return to areas under government control. In addition, the LTTE promised to allow Muslims, driven out by them, in late 1990, to return to their villages. (The LTTE at gunpoint ordered the entire Muslim population to vacate the Northern Province in late Oct/Nov 1990).

* The UN also received an assurance from the LTTE that it wouldn’t interfere with the distribution of relief supplies among the war affected population, particularly those living in areas under its control.

* The LTTE pledged to adhere to the Convention of the Rights of the Child. The group promised to take measures to educate its fighting cadres, as well as other units as regards the Convention.

* The LTTE assured that it would review its military strategies as regards operations directed at civilians and other non-military targets.

The UN never acknowledged its failure to ensure the implementation of any of the commitments made by the LTTE. In fact, the LTTE continued to violate promises made to the UN until the military eradicated the conventional fighting capability of the group, in May, 2009. The LTTE lasted for 11 more years after having taken the UN for a ride. Wouldn’t it be appropriate to launch a thorough study on the conflict to ascertain the UN’s failure here?

CBK’s 1994/95 effort

The NPC used the award of Nobel Peace Prize to Navanethem Pillay to remind the world of Sri Lanka’s unfinished commitments. The NPC that had been in operation since February ’95 is aware of the escalation of fighting after the LTTE broke the ceasefire (cessation of hostilities) negotiated during Kumaratunga’s presidency. Having won the parliamentary polls, Kumaratunga held talks (Oct. 04 to April 1995) but the LTTE resumed attacks in the third week of April.

The global community didn’t come to Sri Lanka’s rescue. Multiple devastating attacks stunned the country. The LTTE sank two Shanghai ii class fast gunboats at the gunboat pier at the Navy dockyard, Trincomalee harbor, on 19 April, and brought down two Avros over Palaly air base a week later. Those who backed that peace effort simply moved away, leaving unprepared Sri Lanka to face an unprecedented new threat of heat seeking missiles. The LTTE intention was clear. It intended to cut off the Jaffna peninsula. In the absence of Sri Lanka losing the overland Main Supply Route (MSR) to the peninsula, denial of sea and air supply routes could have a devastating impact on the military deployed there.

Norway, which had been a major sponsor of the NPC, from the onset of its ‘operations’, was among the countries involved in Kumaratunga’s disastrous effort. The government and the LTTE agreed on the formation of four peace monitoring committees, headed by foreigners, following talks in Jaffna on 24 January, 1995. The ICRC arranged the meeting that led to the consensus on four committees consisting of five persons – two representatives each from the government and the LTTE and foreign heads. The ICRC politely declined to head one of the committees, while Norway (Audun Holm and Johan Gabrielson), Canada (retired Major General. C. Milner) and the Netherlands (retired Lt. Colonel Paul Henri Horsting) accepted the responsibility. When the LTTE resumed Eelam War 111, with the sinking of China-supplied fast gunboats and transport aircraft procured from the UK, foreign heads of so-called peace monitoring committees quietly left the country.

The LTTE never actually allowed the peace committees to function though their foreign heads were granted a rare opportunity to meet LTTE leader Velupillai Prabhakaran on 05 February, 1995, in Jaffna.

From the very beginning, the Kumaratunga peace bid was destined to fail. The LTTE caused obstacles. The international community tolerated. The British allowed the terrorist group’s International Secretariat to function from London, even after it assassinated former Indian Premier Rajiv Gandhi while he was campaigning in Tamil Nadu during the Indian general election of 1991.

Later, the LTTE demanded that there should be six peace monitoring committees. The government promptly agreed but failed to realise that the group was preparing to deliver a strategic blow. The LTTE maximized the opportunity to win concessions. It wanted the government to do away with restrictions on fuel, cement and iron while another major contentious issue was the troops deployed at Komar point-Pooneryn sector. Anyway, the resumption of war, in April, 1995, caught Kumaratunga’s government by surprise, after having blindly trusted the LTTE, and the so-called international community, led by the West.

But, Kumaratunga taught the LTTE an unforgettable lesson when the armed forces brought back the entire Jaffna peninsula, under government control, during operations conducted in 1995/96. In spite of a devastating attack on Elephant Pass, in 2000, after having evicted the Army from its bases south of Elephant Pass up to Kilinochchi, the LTTE could never re-capture Jaffna.

In Nov, 2008, the Jaffna-based fighting formations moved southwards of Muhamalai, two months after Pillay received the appointment as UN Human Rights chief. By then, the Task Force I (later elevated to 58 Division) had recaptured the Kandy-Jaffna A 9 road, stretch from Kilinochchi northwards to Elephant Pass ,where the Army suffered a humiliating defeat in 2000.

Under Pillay’s leadership, too, like her predecessors, the Office of Human Rights Commissioner essentially pursued an agenda hostile to Sri Lanka. It couldn’t stomach the LTTE’s impending defeat. Pillay conveniently failed to acknowledge that Sri Lanka went on the offensive after having exhausted all avenues to end the conflict through dialogue. During Pillay’s tenure as the UN Human Rights chief, the organisation pathetically failed to address accountability issues. Like her predecessors and successors, Pillay, too, never acknowledged that whichever party in power, the government couldn’t have succumbed to the LTTE’s tactics.

The UN in Colombo had been so involved with the LTTE and literally became part of its operation. The mission here refrained from alerting New York immediately of the abduction of UN workers, accused of helping Tamil civilians to enter government held area in 2007. This happened weeks after the newly raised 57 Division launched operations in March, 2007, west of Vavuniya, with the objective of taking Madhu. That division had been tasked to regain Kilinochchi. The Task Force I launched operations in Sept 2007.

The UN had ample time and opportunities to make a meaningful intervention. Instead of compelling the LTTE to give up terrorism, it mollycoddled the group. The UN never really questioned the LTTE regarding its relentless efforts to eliminate Tamil groups who previously carried weapons. Pillay pursued her predecessor Louise Arbour’s approach that allowed the LTTE to continue fighting. Western governments, civil society as well as the UN until the very end believed the LTTE could turnaround the battlefield status. It was not to be.

A brief missive sent by war time Norwegian Ambassador in Colombo, Tore Hattrem, to the then National List MP and presidential advisor Basil Rajapaksa revealed a halfhearted Norwegian bid to secure the release of civilians held by the LTTE. Pillay couldn’t have been unaware of this but she obviously turned a blind eye to the developing situation. Her March statement didn’t make any impact, by then, the government was hell-bent on destroying the LTTE, for once and for all.

The following is the text of the letter headlined Offer/proposal to the LTTE dated Feb. 16, 2009: “I refer to our telephone conversation today. The proposal to the LTTE on how to release the civilian population now trapped in the LTTE controlled area has been transmitted to the LTTE through several channels. So far there has been regrettably no response from the LTTE and it does not seem to be likely that the LTTE will agree to this in the near future.”

Norway never pushed the influential Tamil Diaspora, in Norway, to pressure the LTTE leadership to give up its meaningless resistance. Thanks to Wikileaks, the world knows the ICRC believed the Army could have finished off the LTTE much faster if it didn’t take the civilian factor into consideration on the Vanni east front.

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Midweek Review

A call for professional dignity, political responsibility, and intelligent conflict resolution

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Kavantissa

The Tusker Tragedy:

by Prof. MPS Magamage

Wildlife veterinarians in Sri Lanka work under extremely challenging conditions, often with limited facilities, inadequate emergency support systems, and no sufficient life insurance or occupational protection commensurate with the risks they face. Yet, when an unfortunate incident occurs, these professionals are expected to accept accountability, sometimes without adequate institutional support or recognition of the practical constraints under which they work.

The situation is further complicated by internal institutional inequalities and interprofessional conflicts within departments. These issues must be acknowledged and addressed if we are to build a more effective, accountable, and supportive wildlife conservation system. Political negligence and irresponsible or disrespectful statements by political leaders can further aggravate an already sensitive human–elephant conflict. This escalating tread of killing giants in Sri Lanka  is the best example for political incompetence, poor  statements and political incorrectness.

When farmers feel neglected, frustrated, and unsupported, tensions may escalate, putting both human lives and wildlife at risk. Elephants may be chased, harassed, or even shot as a consequence of these escalating tensions Accountability must be accompanied by institutional responsibility, professional respect, and adequate resources. It is neither fair nor constructive to demand accountability from frontline professionals while overlooking the systemic failures, inadequate facilities, and lack of support that constrain their work.

The death of Tusker Kawanthissa should therefore be a wake-up call for all stakeholders not an opportunity for political confrontation, public condemnation, or professional divisions. Politicians, wildlife authorities, veterinarians, farmers, conservationists, and wildlife enthusiasts must recognise that emotional reactions and accusatory statements will not resolve these complex problems.

What Sri Lanka needs now is an intelligent, evidence-based, and collaborative approach that strengthens wildlife veterinary services, improves emergency response mechanisms, provides appropriate occupational protection, supports affected farming communities, and promotes effective human–elephant conflict mitigation.

We must also encourage respectful dialogue and cooperation among professionals within and across institutions. Differences of opinion are inevitable, but they should be resolved through constructive discussion, scientific evidence, transparent investigations, and fair administrative procedures not confrontation or personal attacks.

Protecting wildlife veterinarians, safeguarding farmers, and conserving elephants are interconnected responsibilities. None should be sacrificed to political interests, institutional rivalries, or public pressure.

Let the tragedy of Kawanthissa become an opportunity to reform the system, strengthen professional unity, and develop sustainable solutions. The way forward is not confrontation, but leadership, accountability, compassion, and collective responsibility.

The writer is a Professor of Livestock Production, Veterinarian, and former Dean of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka. He previously served as Chairman of the National Livestock Development Board of Sri Lanka.

A Fulbright Scholar, Indian Science Research Fellow, Australian Endeavour Fellow, and Visiting Professor at the University of Nebraska–Lincoln, USA, he has extensive international experience in Veterinary Medicine, animal biotechnology, reproductive biology, livestock production, higher education, research, and academic leadership.

magamage@agri.sab.ac.lk/mmagamage2@gmail.com

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Midweek Review

Lessons from the collapse of Colombo’s US$ 392 mn logistics Hub

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Beyond Rhetoric:

by Sasanka Perera
(The writer is on X as @sasmester)

On October 15, 2026, the Chinese government-owned China Merchants Port Holdings submitted a regulatory filing to the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, formally implementing a mutual settlement agreement with the Sri Lanka Ports Authority and local partner, Access Engineering. With it, the process to wind down the US$ 392 million South Asia Commercial and Logistics Hub project began. The Sri Lankan media and policy circles in general reacted with predictable alarm. Much of the fallout was framed, and I believe correctly, as a matter of Sri Lanka’s persistent struggle to convert foreign direct investment approvals into operational reality.

As a country attempting to address fragile post-crisis economic recovery, the loss of this project provides a sobering reality check on commercial execution, institutional reliability, and the finite nature of investor patience. In April 2023, the proposed 530,000-cubic-meter logistics complex inside the Port of Colombo was hailed as a game-changer. It was conceived as a 50-year build-operate-transfer agreement. In this scheme, China Merchants Port Holdings held a 70% equity stake alongside 15% each for the Sri Lanka Ports Authority and Access Engineering. According to the original plans, the facility was expected to modernise bonded warehousing, free-zone processing, and cold storage, firmly cementing Colombo’s regional transshipment standing. It even secured Strategic Development Project status according to the provisions in the Strategic Development Projects Act No. 14 of 2008 (and Strategic Development Projects [Amendment] Act, No. 26 of 2025) granted by the Cabinet of Ministers with the concurrence of the Minister of Finance. In this particular case, the project also received a long-term corporate tax holiday.

Despite these concessions and clearances, three years after the initial agreement was signed, nothing concrete materialised on the ground. The joint venture remained trapped in a maze of unfulfilled conditions, unresolved land-allocations, regulatory delays, and lingering fiscal liabilities. The most serious of the latter was an unresolvable US$3.9 million Value Added Tax assessment. Confronted with mounting maintenance costs and the inability of the project to move beyond the signing phase, the partners executed an ‘amicable consultation and neutral handling’ termination, which was embedded in the agreement. Under the settlement terms, shareholders agreed to dismantle the corporate structure and recover roughly 80% of their paid-in equity. Rather than emanating from a politico-ideological problem, this was a cold, pragmatic business decision driven by risk management and fiscal prudence.

Local business reporting and opinions have debated whether the project’s demise represents a regulatory failure, an unavoidable commercial exit or a governmental failure. One side of the domestic debate emphasises institutional inertia. Critics have highlighted what appears to be inter-departmental difficulties between the Ministry of Finance, the Inland Revenue Department, and port administrators which generated paralysing ambiguity over potential future tax positions and statutory clearances. From this perspective, the venture died a ‘death by paper,’ demonstrating how Sri Lanka’s state machinery continues to sabotage its own economic recovery without even realizing it by creating unpredictable operating environments. This is nothing new and is something the present government has inherited from years of previous practice and has not been able to resolve so far.

The counterargument in the public discourse points to commercial pragmatism and shifting market timing. Proponents of this view note that holding equity in a non-operational venture indefinitely makes no financial sense when global maritime logistics costs and trade routes change rapidly and consistently. In this view, exiting with an 80% capital recovery was a routine corporate decision to mitigate against further loss. Another argument, shared by the government’s political opponents, simply claims the project signed during the Ranil Wickremesinghe presidency failed due to the present government’s incompetence.  This argument is too simplistic, even though the government has not fully worked out how to streamline these kinds of projects that might be beneficial to the country.

The more credible arguments, in the end, come to the same conclusion. That is, the project failed due to external forces. This tends to mask the state’s failure to deliver legal clarity and institutional coordination, which are essential in these situations. Winding the project down creates several immediate problems for Sri Lanka. First, in global logistics, timing and operational predictability are crucial. Terminating a US$ 392 million venture indicates to international capital that even high-profile, government-backed deals can stall indefinitely. Second, under the settlement terms, the Sri Lanka Ports Authority faces a net cash outlay of approximately US$ 17.4 million to facilitate the capital refund to its partners. These are public funds that should ideally have been directed toward capital upgrades or even public services. But now, they must instead be used to wind up a failed entity. Third, as rival transshipment hubs in the region expand their capacity, it is criminal that Sri Lanka has wasted years trying to work out a project-related future of port land while logistics infrastructure only remained on paper. This is a situation that a country keen on recovering from debt, chronic economic crises and reinventing itself from its ‘Banana Republic’ persona from the immediate past  cannot afford.

As the Sri Lanka Ports Authority prepares to re-tender the vacant 13-acre port parcel under an alternative private-investment model, policymakers must digest the hard lessons of this collapse if the government is serious about foreign direct investment. To begin with, statutory permits, land leases, and environmental clearances must be finalised before executing binding joint ventures with foreign capital. On the other hand, there must be established clarity on issues such as what percentage of profits must be reinvested or spent in Sri Lanka, how much can be taken out of the country, what percentage of personnel can come from abroad and so on. Similarly, it is necessary to eliminate all tax ambiguities before signing an agreement. In other words, free-zone incentives and tax exemptions under special investment frameworks must be legally and clearly reconciled across all government departments to prevent late-stage tax liabilities and other avoidable complications.

This includes clarity on what taxes must be paid and what will be waived off and for what period of time. These parameters must be created based on comparable practices elsewhere in the world. Finally, investors should be provided with a single, empowered facilitation body capable of clearing administrative hurdles rather than forcing investors to navigate across different bureaucratic hurdles. Sri Lanka can always learn from more successful experiments in this regard from other parts of the world. These should be in place as matters of policy and principle and not as ad hoc decisions taken from project to project.  All these are already part of the conversations in Colombo’s business circles and indicate nothing new.  These principles should also include clarity on what areas of the local economy and business infrastructure would not be open to foreign investment for strategic reasons, whether build-operate-transfer agreements should continue beyond a specific period of time, taking into consideration what would be left by the time the transfer period comes, and so on.

The cancellation announced on October 15, 2026, should serve as a wake-up call for Sri Lanka’s economic decision-makers in particular and the government in general. Attracting global capital requires far more than political rhetoric, ceremonial launch events, long-term tax holidays, and high-level diplomatic performances. It demands smooth operational execution, legal certainty, and reliable public administration. If Sri Lanka is to secure its place as a leading maritime and logistics hub and as a dependable investment destination in general, it must resolve its internal administrative bottlenecks. Until then, major investors will continue to walk away when the cost of waiting outweighs the promise of doing business. Or, they might not be attracted to Sri Lanka as an investment destination in the first place.

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