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Demystifying supply chain management

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By Dr. (Eng.) Sanath Divakara

Supply chain management has been in vogue for many decades and has raised the interest of both academics and practitioners. The concept is more popular within international business and yet it is important to demystify it further for adapting to current practices.

As we know theories are updating fast amid the technological revolution. The current practices in many disciplines of industry undergo integration, such as, human resources, marketing, quality management, project management and operation management. The Industrial Revolution has made a tremendous contribution to the integration of many concepts, including supply chain management.

An essential part of every business model is the supply chain and its management. All the components of this chain should be thoroughly controlled. It will bring about a cost decrease and a profitability increase. Therefore, this discussion would enable our readers to understand the concept of supply chain management which is evolving through industry practices. .

Supply chain concept relies on movement of materials from supplier to customer and finance and information in the opposite direction. Evolution of supply chain management has been characterized by increasing integration of each task, a trend underlined in the 1960s. History signifies a consolidation in 1980 in identifying two areas of material management and physical distribution. The process continued toward 1990 as globalization incited functional integration and the emergence of logistics into the field.

All the functional elements that were under material management and physical distribution became part of logistics. However, there was no significant discussion on information and communication technologies. In the 2000s technology became the factor used everywhere in the world for exponential development and information and communication technology played a vital role. Industry rivalry influenced to change many concepts under the concept of modern management. Value addition, information, and financial flows were the main concepts that were under the critical discussion and completed the integration with the emergence of supply chain management.

It allows for the integrated management and control of information finance, goods and services flows, making possible a new range of production and distribution systems.  Supply chain management has become a complex sequence of activities aiming at value capture and competitiveness. Supply chain is integrated logistics that connects operations and services to convert raw materials and components into finished goods and then deliver those goods to the end customers.

Supply chain management is the planning and control of a business’s flow of goods, services and information. It aims to minimize the cost and meet the needs of customers with increased efficiency. Supply chain management oversees all the processes involved in getting a product or service to customers, including procurement, logistics, warehouse, inventory control and distribution. Supply chain management is an art and science of ensuring products or services reach the right place, at the right time, right price and in the right condition. It is the intricate web of process, people, technology, and resources that make the entire journey possible, from raw materials to the hands of the end customer.

It is obvious that supply chain management is a concept that describes more than does logistics. Logistics is part of the supply chain and defined by Lambert, Stock & Ellram as the process of planning, implementing and controlling the efficient effective flow and storage of goods, services and related information from point of origin to point of consumption for the purpose of conforming to customer requirements. Logistic systems are often described as a network of nodes and links describing an interconnected web. Logistics itself includes transportation, hence no additional requirements are needed to specify logistics and transportation. Similarly, there are misnomers used in the process of supply chain management as supply chain and procurement, supply chain and logistics etc.



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India pledges $450 million for cyclone recovery while Sri Lanka’s top financial watchdog seat remains vacant

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Indian External Affairs Minister Dr. S. Jaishankar wraps up his official visit to Sri Lanka on 23rd December,2025

India extended a powerful hand of friendship on December 23, pledging $450 million to help Sri Lanka rebuild from Cyclone Ditwah. The aid, announced by Indian External Affairs Minister Dr. S. Jaishankar, is a lifeline for critical infrastructure, housing and agriculture.

Yet, even as this commitment was made, a crucial question hung in the air: Who will watch the money?

Sri Lanka has operated without a permanent Auditor General for eight months, an independent observer told The Island Financial Review.

“Since April 2025, the constitutional body meant to be the independent guardian of public spending has been led by temporary appointees. This isn’t just bureaucratic delay; it is a self-inflicted wound on democratic accountability,” he said.

He explained that the Auditor General, mandated by the Constitutional Council, is the linchpin that ensures public funds are used with integrity.

“In a nation still recovering from a devastating economic crisis, the AG’s role is the bedrock of trust. This office audits everything from social safety nets to state-owned enterprise losses and, critically, emergency expenditures,” he noted.

“The delay undermines public trust and robust oversight at a time when these are urgently needed. With no permanent AG, the oversight of billions in cyclone relief funds – including India’s generous package – can be fundamentally weakened.”

India’s decision to provide funds despite this oversight vacuum is a profound act of goodwill, the observer said.

“But the question now shifts squarely to the Sri Lankan government: How will it honour that faith? The $450 million is a mirror held up to Sri Lanka’s governance,” he stated.

He urged the Constitutional Council to act decisively to appoint a competent, independent Auditor General through a transparent process.

“This is the cornerstone of ensuring that disaster recovery builds not just physical infrastructure, but also public trust,” he concluded.

By Sanath Nanayakkare

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Robust overseas demand for Sri Lanka’s premier tea

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Categories such as Instant Tea and Tea Bags have recorded encouraging gains in both volume and foreign exchange earnings

Ceylon Tea exports have demonstrated notable volume growth for the first eleven months of 2025, reaching a cumulative total of 239.57 million kilograms. This figure represents a solid increase of 16.35 million kilograms compared to the corresponding period in 2024, signalling robust overseas demand for Sri Lanka’s premier commodity.

The broader trend, however, reveals a dynamic reshuffling among the nation’s key export markets, painting a picture of both promising diversification and shifting global trade currents.

A striking development is the continued ascendancy of Iraq as the single largest importer of Ceylon Tea. During the January to November period, Iraq purchased 36.77 million kilograms, marking a substantial 21% year-on-year increase and firmly securing its top position. In contrast, the traditional powerhouse market of Russia, while holding second place with 19.94 million kilograms, recorded a 13% decline in volume. Other markets show significant movement; Türkiye follows closely in third place, while Libya has emerged as a high-growth destination, witnessing a remarkable 115% surge in imports to claim fourth position. This evolving landscape underscores a strategic shift, where gains in emerging and regional markets are actively counterbalancing softer demand in some established ones.

Categories such as Instant Tea and Tea Bags have recorded encouraging gains in both volume and foreign exchange earnings, indicating a positive consumer trend towards convenience and value-added products. This gradual move up the value chain is crucial for enhancing the sector’s resilience and profitability.

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Sri Lanka to host South Asia’s inaugural Reggae festival in Bentota

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A tribute to Bob Marley" will be held from 27 to 29 March 2026 on the beaches of Bentota

Sri Lanka is poised to enter the regional cultural spotlight as the host of South Asia’s first-ever reggae music festival. “ONE LOVE 2026 – A Tribute to Bob Marley” will be held from 27 to 29 March 2026 on the beaches of Bentota, marking an unprecedented celebration of global reggae music within the Asia-Pacific region.

The landmark announcement was made at a press conference hosted by the ultra-luxury property, NUWA- City of Dreams in Colombo.

The festival represents a significant cultural and tourism initiative, featuring an unprecedented assembly of international reggae talent for the region. The confirmed lineup includes six globally acclaimed acts: Maxi Priest, The Wailers, Julian Marley & Ky-Mani Marley, Inner Circle and Big Mountain.

Organised by One In A Million Entertainment Ltd.—a Sri Lankan-owned firm with headquarters in Europe and Colombo – in strategic collaboration with Caribbean Entertainment, the event builds upon a proven track record of delivering major international entertainment to Sri Lanka. The festival is anticipated to attract thousands of attendees, including local enthusiasts and visitors from key markets such as India, the Maldives, and Bangladesh, as well as Western tourists seeking a tropical retreat.

Aligning with the commemoration of Bob Marley’s 81st birthday, the event carries profound cultural resonance. It also incorporates a charitable component, with a portion of proceeds dedicated to a children’s orphanage water purification project managed by the Indian Cultural Association in Sri Lanka, and to supporting the charitable activities of the Bob and Rita Marley Foundation in Jamaica.

The festival’s international delegation will be accommodated at NUWA Sri Lanka, the flagship ultra-luxury destination of Melco Resorts & Entertainment in Colombo.

Ticket Information: Daily General Admission: LKR 10,000, Daily VIP Admission: LKR 50,000, Early Bird Three-Day Festival Pass (Limited Offer):, General Admission: LKR 25,000, VIP Access: LKR 125,000 Tickets are available via the PickMe Events platform.

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