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A Lost Development Opportunity: Regional integration to empower Sri Lankan women

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Dr Lakmini Fernando is a Research Fellow at IPS with primary research interests in Development Economics, Public Finance and Climate Change. She has expertise in econometric data analysis, research design and causal methodologies. Dr Fernando holds a BSc in Agriculture from the University of Peradeniya, a Master of Development Economics (Advanced) from the University of Queensland, Australia and a PhD in Economics from the University of Adelaide, Australia.

Sulochana Silva is a Research Assistant at the Institute of Policy Studies of Sri Lanka (IPS). She holds a BSc (Hons) in Agricultural Technology and Management specialising in Applied Economics and Business Management from the University of Peradeniya. Her research interests are agriculture policies and institutions, environment and natural resource policies, food security and climate change.

By Dr Lakmini Fernando and Sulochana Silva

On average, women are paid approximately 20% less than men in Sri Lanka.

South Asia will take 149 years to achieve full gender parity, while this is 67 and 95 years for Europe and North America, respectively.

Providing equal employment opportunities for men and women can enable South Asia to enhance incomes by 25%.

An IPS study highlights the limited success of regional integration in stimulating growth and reducing gender inequality in South Asia and offers a set of recommendations for more gender-sensitive policy reforms across sectors.

Inequality results in adverse economic, social and political consequences. Unlike the advanced economies, improvements in education, fertility and incomes have not been able to enhance women’s labour force participation in Sri Lanka. Gender equality is a shared vision for social justice. Thus, addressing gender inequality is crucial to achieve stronger and more sustainable development. While regional integration is seen as a potential development strategy to promote inclusive and sustainable growth and efforts toward women’s economic empowerment, gender equality tends to be sidelined in such discussions. Thus, identifying and implementing the right policy mix for meaningful regional integration is vital in creating gender inclusive sustainable growth.

The Impact of Greater Economic Opportunities for Women

Greater economic opportunities for women create a domino effect. In South Asia, equal employment opportunities for men and women are estimated to enhance incomes by 25%, including increased intraregional trade of USD 44 billion. Yet, despite the improvements in education and health outcomes, low women’s economic participation remains a critical development challenge for developing economies including South Asia. In 2021, female labour force participation was 22% and 32% for South Asia and Sri Lanka, respectively, while all other regions except the Middle East and North Africa (18%) recorded more than 50% participation. Also, a gender wage gap of 24% indicates that on average, women are paid approximately 20% less than men in Sri Lanka. To achieve gender parity, South Asia will take 149 years, while this is 67 and 95 years for Europe and North America, respectively.

Regional Integration: Current Challenges and Opportunities

Unlike South Asia, other regions like East Asia, Europe and North America are harnessing the potential benefits of regional integration by developing strong relationships with their neighbours. Intraregional trade accounts for 50% of total trade in East Asia and 22% in Sub-Saharan Africa, but only 5% in South Asia. Intraregional trade as a share of regional gross domestic product (GDP) is only 1% in South Asia while it is 2.6% and 11% in Sub-Saharan Africa and East Asia and the Pacific, respectively.

South Asian regional integration has been restricted mainly by high tariff and non-tariff measures, lack of trust and political will, weak policy implementation and poor infrastructure. Although the impacts are asymmetric, deeper regional integration benefits any country. Consumers gain access to cheaper goods and services; producers and exporters gain access to inputs, investment and production networks; and firms gain market access for goods and services.

Reforming Stagnating Dimensions of Regional Integration Toward Gender Inclusive Growth

To promote gender-inclusive growth, a recent IPS study shows that it is essential to improve the stagnating dimensions of regional integration. This process is complex and varies by country due to its multidimensional nature. There are six key dimensions: trade and investment, movement of capital, regional value chains, infrastructure and connectivity, people’s mobility and legal and institutional basis for international policy cooperation.

Evenly distributed dimensions lead to better regional integration and higher women’s economic participation. With the most evenly distributed dimensions, the EU is recognised as the most advanced and consistent in regional integration with more than 50% women’s economic participation.

In contrast, South Asia’s significantly uneven dimensional distribution makes it one of the least integrated and lowest women’s economic participating regions in the world. South Asia focuses more on infrastructure and connectivity and movement of people and less on money and finance. Similarly, Sri Lanka’s regional integration is impacted heavily by infrastructure and connectivity and this is no surprise as nearly 60% of public investment has been allocated to infrastructure development in the last few decades.

(To be Continued)



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Global regulators convene in Colombo for key IOSCO enforcement and cooperation discussions

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Dignitaries at the wide-ranging discussions.

The Securities and Exchange Commission of Sri Lanka (SEC) successfully hosted a series of high-level meetings of the International Organization of Securities Commissions (IOSCO), bringing together leading securities regulators and enforcement officials from around the world to discuss emerging regulatory challenges, strengthen international cooperation, and enhance collective efforts to combat cross-border securities market misconduct.

The meetings, held at the Hilton Colombo from 13 to 16 October 2026, included sessions of the IOSCO Enforcement and Cooperation Committee and its Screening Group (Committee 4/SG), as well as meetings of the Monitoring Group and the Steering Committee. The event attracted approximately 50 senior representatives from securities regulators and exchanges across several jurisdictions, including Australia, Japan, the United States, the United Kingdom, France, Italy, Canada, New Zealand, India, Germany, Belgium, Singapore, China and Spain, reflecting the global significance of the discussions and the growing importance of international regulatory collaboration.

Welcoming delegates to Sri Lanka, Senior Professor D.B.P.H. Dissabandara, Chairman of the SEC, emphasized the critical role of international cooperation in safeguarding market integrity and investor confidence in an increasingly interconnected financial landscape.

“No regulator can effectively address cross-border misconduct in isolation. The speed with which information, transactions and illicit activities can move across borders requires an equally coordinated and timely regulatory response. Strong international cooperation, effective information sharing and mutual trust among regulators are essential to maintaining fair, transparent and resilient capital markets,” he stated.

The discussions focused on a range of enforcement and cooperation matters, including mechanisms for enhancing cross-border information exchange, strengthening investigative collaboration among regulators, addressing increasingly sophisticated forms of securities fraud and market abuse, and promoting the effective implementation of international standards and best practices. Participants also exchanged experiences and insights on emerging enforcement challenges arising from technological developments, digitalization of financial services, and increasingly interconnected global markets.

IOSCO is recognized as the leading international body that brings together the world’s securities regulators and serves as the global standard setter for securities regulation. Through its policy work and cooperative initiatives, IOSCO plays a central role in promoting investor protection, ensuring that markets are fair, efficient and transparent, reducing systemic risk, and strengthening confidence in capital markets worldwide.

Sri Lanka has maintained a strong and active relationship with IOSCO for more than three decades. The SEC became an Ordinary Member of IOSCO in 1993 and has been a signatory to the IOSCO Multilateral Memorandum of Understanding (MMoU) since 2004. The MMoU is the internationally recognised benchmark for cooperation and information sharing among securities regulators and serves as a critical tool in facilitating cross-border investigations and enforcement actions.

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Pan Asia Bank partners Ideal Motors to offer leasing solutions

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Representatives of both parties are seen exchanging the agreement (Standing from left to right) Officials from Ideal motors: Trevene Ferdinand, AGM - Corporate/Tender; Dinesh Manage, Business Development Manager; Kasun Fernando, General Manager - Commercial Vehicles; Nimisha Welgama, Director – Legal and Corporate Affairs; Officials from Pan Asia Bank: Naleen Edirisinghe, Director/CEO; Yohan Ebell, Head of Retail Credit; Sudharshana Hettiarachchi, Officer in Charge – Leasing; and Kanchana Kannangara, National Sales Manager – Leasing.

Pan Asia Bank recently entered into a one-year Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with Ideal Motors (Pvt) Ltd, creating a new financing avenue for customers purchasing vehicles from the authorised Mahindra dealer. The strategic partnership will enable customers of Ideal Motors to access leasing facilities from Pan Asia Bank, making vehicle financing more convenient while supporting their mobility and business requirements. The agreement also provides an opportunity for the Bank to expand its leasing portfolio and strengthen its presence in Sri Lanka’s vehicle financing market.

Ideal Motors is the authorised dealer for the Mahindra vehicle range in Sri Lanka, including the Mahindra Bolero CPU Truck and Scorpio Jeep/Pickup. The vehicles cater to a range of requirements, from commercial and business applications to personal mobility, making accessible financing an important part of the purchasing decision.

The Bank’s vehicle leasing facilities are designed to simplify the financing process, with convenient repayment options and professional support to help customers select a solution suited to their requirements. For customers, the arrangement brings vehicle selection and financing closer together, reducing the need to navigate the two processes separately.

“Our partnership with Ideal Motors enables us to bring financing closer to customers at the point of vehicle purchase. We remain focused on providing convenient and flexible leasing solutions that support both personal mobility and the needs of businesses,” said Naleen Edirisinghe, Director/CEO of Pan Asia Bank.

Pan Asia Bank and Ideal Motors will work closely during the one-year partnership to maximise business opportunities and deliver a seamless financing experience to customers. The collaboration is expected to strengthen both organisations’ ability to respond to demand for commercial and personal vehicles while creating greater value for customers.

Yohan Ebell, Head of Retail Credit, Pan Asia Bank, said: “Through this partnership, we aim to make vehicle financing simpler and more accessible, with leasing solutions designed to meet the varied requirements of Ideal Motors’ customers.”

The collaboration also reflects Pan Asia Bank’s commitment to building partnerships that make financial services more accessible and responsive to the needs of individuals and businesses.

Pan Asia Bank has established a growing presence in vehicle financing, offering leasing solutions designed around customer convenience and flexibility. Its leasing proposition is supported by a nationwide branch network and a customer-focused approach, enabling customers to obtain guidance on financing options while completing their vehicle purchase.

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Heritance Hotels and Resorts secures four wins at World Travel Awards 2026

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Heritance Hotels and Resorts has secured four distinguished titles at the World Travel Awards 2026, with three national awards recognising its Sri Lankan properties and an international title for Heritance Aarah in the Maldives.

The three Sri Lankan titles recognise Heritance Tea Factory as Sri Lanka’s Leading Heritage Hotel 2026, Heritance Ahungalla as Sri Lanka’s Leading Luxury Hotel 2026, and Heritance Kandalama as Sri Lanka’s Leading Wedding Hotel 2026. Heritance Aarah was named the Indian Ocean’s Leading All-Inclusive Resort 2026.

Internationally recognised within the global travel and tourism industry, the World Travel Awards celebrate excellence across hotels, resorts, and destinations. Recognition at this level affirms the quality, distinctiveness, and consistency of the experiences delivered by Heritance Hotels and Resorts.

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