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WNPS files Supreme Court challenge against wind power project in Mannar Island

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In a significant move aimed at protecting the unique ecosystem of Mannar Island, environmental protection organization, Wildlife and Nature Protection Society (WNPS), has filed a fundamental rights application in the Supreme Court. This legal action challenges the recent cabinet decision to award a wind power project in Mannar Island to Adani Green Energy Limited of India.

The Petitioner WNPS is represented by President’s Counsel Sanjeeva Jayawardana with Prashanthi Mahindarathe, Revan Weerasinghe and Rukshan Senadheera, instructed by S.W.A Amila Kumara.

WNPS, known for its staunch advocacy for environmental conservation, argues that the project poses a severe threat to the island’s unique biodiversity and pristine landscapes especially in the Mannar Island. The island itself is home to several protected areas such as the Adam’s Bridge National Park, the Viduthalaithivu National Park and the Vankalai Sanctuary.

The former two were declared RAMSAR wetlands only a few months ago by Minister Pavithra Wanniarachchi. In addition, Mannar is the southernmost point of the Central Asian Flyway used by innumerable migratory species, while also being home to several indigenous water bird and bat species.

WNPS contends that the decision to approve the project was made without any appreciation of Mannar’s singular positioning as a biodiversity hub, violating both national environmental protection laws as well as international Conventions. The island’s diverse ecosystems, including mangroves, coral reefs, and wetlands, play a crucial role in maintaining the region’s environmental balance. The organization states that a severe threat exists that the construction and operation of the wind power project could lead to irreversible damage to these ecosystems.

The Petitioner contends that the manner and form of these actions by various authorities grossly abuse the doctrine of public trust reposed in authorities like the Forest Department and Department of Wildlife that have blithely ignored the irreparable ramifications of this project in a protected area replete with vulnerable species and war affected population struggling to survive.

The proposed Adani project will potentially raise the number of turbines on Mannar Island to 82, supplementing the 30 turbines existing as part of the Thambapawani project which has already caused staggering numbers of bird deaths, more than anticipated by the ornithologists consulted on the project. If allowed to continue unabated the extension to the Adani project – titled Phase III – will pockmark Mannar island with 103 turbines across nearly 66% of Mannar’s land mass which has been declared Energy Development Areas.

As one of the oldest conservation organizations in the world, the WNPS challenges the credibility of the Environmental Impact Assessment carried out by the Sustainable Energy Authority of Sri Lanka [SEASL] on behalf of Adani Green Energy. In fact, at page xxi of the Environmental Impact Assessment, it has categorically been admitted that “in the case of Thambapawani Wind Power Project, higher bird collision risks than predicted have occurred, as there are reported bird collision in the transmission lines”.

WNPS argues that this alone should act as a deterrent to proceed with this Project in Mannar, which contradicts the principles of sustainable development. While recognizing the need for renewable energy sources, the organization insists that such projects must be planned and executed in a manner that safeguards environmental integrity. This is particularly so when the EIA itself has identified alternative locations that are more suitable to set up a wind power farm and provides no rationale for how Mannar – the most vulnerable site – was chosen.

The Petitioner highlights a conflict of interest between SLSEA’s role as regulator and their purported role as agent for the Adani group. Given that SLSEA also functions as a regulator, this dual role is inappropriate and raises concerns about the integrity of SLSEA’s actions. The Petitioner deems it shocking that a regulatory body is acting as a project proponent, suggesting that SLSEA’s actions are motivated by extraneous considerations and self-interest.

Under Section 16 of the Sri Lanka Sustainable Energy Act No. 35 of 2007, no entity can undertake an on-grid renewable energy project without a permit from SLSEA. Section 17 grants SLSEA’s project approving committee the authority to issue provisional approvals, and Section 18 mandates this committee to approve or reject final project applications. Thus, SLSEA is the primary licensing authority, making its role as an agent for Adani Green Energy in seeking an EIA particularly inappropriate and illegal.

The Petitioner is also concerned with the SEASL’s line Minister tabling power purchase prices in Parliament far in excess of those assessed in the EIA and entirely disproportionate with regional prices by the same supplier. The Petitioner is concerned that the Minister of Power and Energy Energy intends to approve the project despite lacking the statutory authority to act as the Project Approving Authority, which should be SLSEA.

The EIA estimates the cost of power generation at USD 0.046 per kWh, while the Minister stated it would be USD 0.0885 per kWh. The Petitioner finds the discrepancy alarming, as the contract negotiations are based on a price nearly double the EIA estimate. Despite a later revision to USD 0.0826 per kWh, no valid reasons were provided for this increase. The Petitioner asserts that the project cannot be approved with such escalated costs without overhauling the EIA to reflect the actual cost of power generation.

Finally, the Technical Evaluation Committee recommended a tariff of USD 0.075 per kWh, yet the Cabinet approved a higher cost without explanation, violating procurement procedures. The Petitioner requests the court to call for the recommendations or reports made by the Technical Evaluation Committee and the Cabinet Appointed Negotiation Committee under Article 126 of the Constitution.

The Petitioner notes the project has been portrayed to the public as a Government-to-Government initiative with India, yet no details of contributions, grants, or loans from the Indian government have been disclosed.

Additionally, the project lacks a competitive bidding process, and the Swiss Challenge method has not been followed, violating procurement guidelines. Given the project’s proximity to protected areas, it required assessments and approvals from the Department of Wildlife Conservation (DWC) and the Coast Conservation Department (CCD), which were omitted, rendering the EIA void and unlawful.

WNPS’s legal challenge seeks to ensure that the government adheres to the principles of environmental justice and accountability while supporting the Governments push towards renewable energy. The organization calls for a thorough review of the decision-making process, emphasizing the need for transparency, scientific rigour, and public participation.

As the nation awaits the Supreme Court’s response, the outcome of this case will be closely watched by environmentalists, policymakers, and the general public on whom the tariff burden will eventually rest. The decision will not only impact the future of Mannar Island but also shape the broader landscape of environmental governance in Sri Lanka.



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Plans for 2026 on the journey towards a digital economy Under President’s review

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A discussion to review the progress of projects implemented under the Ministry of Digital Economy in 2025 and to examine new projects planned to be implemented under the 2026 budgetary allocations was held on Monday (19) morning  at the Presidential Secretariat under the patronage of the Minister of Digital Economy, President Anura Kumara Dissanayake.

Special attention was paid to the plans and progress of programmes to promote a cashless economy.

Accordingly, an extensive discussion was held on the progress of projects planned by the Government to promote a cashless economy in Sri Lanka, including the digitalisation of government institutions, promotion of QR transactions, establishment of a Cloud infrastructure centre, a national programme to provide high-speed broadband facilities, provision of single-window facilities, the digital identity card project and the project to digitalise payment of traffic spot fines.

Noting that much of the economic activity of rural communities remains in the informal sector, the President emphasised the need to formally document these activities and stressed that this is essential when formulating future economic and development plans.

The performance, progress and future plans of institutions under the Ministry of Digital Economy, including Sri Lanka CERT, the Data Protection Authority and the Telecommunications Regulatory Commission (TRC), were also reviewed.

The current status and new recruitments of the GovTech institution, established to implement the Government’s digitalisation programme, were also discussed.

Deputy Minister of Digital Economy, Eranga Weeraratne, Secretary to the President, Dr. Nandika Sanath Kumanayake, Senior Presidential Adviser on Digital Economy, Dr. Hans Wijayasuriya, Senior Additional Secretary to the President, Roshan Gamage, Secretary to the Ministry of Digital Economy, Varuna Sri Dhanapala, senior officials of the Ministry and heads of institutions under the Ministry also participated in the discussion.

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Power sector reforms: CEB trade unions threaten strike

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A simmering confrontation between the government and the powerful Ceylon Electricity Board (CEB) trade unions intensified yesterday, with the latter signalling continued industrial action, even as authorities moved decisively to prevent any disruption to electricity supply.

The dispute centres on the government’s determination to restructure and unbundle the CEB under amendments to the Electricity Act, a reform drive officials describe as unavoidable to curb losses, strengthen governance and stabilise the national power sector. This has also been a long-standing demand of international donors, particularly the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank.

Some 24 CEB unions, including powerful engineers’ and workers’ organisations, have rejected the move, warning that the proposed restructuring could weaken institutional coordination, undermine job security and eventually place additional pressure on consumers.

Union representatives said work-to-rule campaigns and other limited forms of industrial action would continue, despite electricity services being declared an essential service — a legal measure that effectively curtails full-scale strike action.

“These reforms are being imposed without proper consultation. Decisions taken in haste could have serious consequences for grid stability and public confidence,” a senior union official told The Island.

The government, however, has adopted a firm posture, cancelling all categories of leave for CEB staff and directing management to ensure uninterrupted operations across generation, transmission and distribution.

A senior official at the Power and Energy Ministry said the administration would not allow labour unrest to jeopardise electricity supply, stressing that energy security was central to economic recovery.

“Electricity is a critical public service. Any attempt to disrupt supply will be dealt with firmly,” the official said.

Engineers’ unions have separately cautioned that restructuring without a clearly articulated technical and regulatory framework could compromise long-term planning and system reliability, though they have stopped short of calling for an outright shutdown.

Despite ongoing discussions between union leaders, CEB management and government representatives, there is no indication of an early resolution, raising the prospect of a prolonged standoff at one of the country’s most strategically important state institutions.

The dispute unfolds amid Sri Lanka’s IMF-backed reform programme, under which state-owned enterprises — particularly in the energy sector — are under increasing pressure to reduce losses and ease the burden on public finances.

Analysts warn that sustained unrest at the CEB could complicate reform timelines and dent investor confidence, even as the government seeks to signal policy resolve.

A retired CEB top official said: “For now, while major strike action remains legally constrained, the confrontation has once again placed the power sector at the centre of national debate, with consumers and businesses watching closely for any fallout.”

By Ifham Nizam ✍️

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Dumbara Prison being expanded to accommodate nearly 30,000

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Harshana

Of over 37,000 held in country’s prisons, nearly 27,000 are suspects

Dumbara Prison built to accommodate 699 persons is now being expanded to hold 2,900 persons. At the moment, Dumbara Prison holds 2,246 men and women – a staggering 1,547 individuals more than its maximum capacity. Of the 2,246 persons held there, 107 are females.

This was revealed when Justice and National Integration Minister Harshana Nanayakkara responded to a query posed by Samagi Jana Balawegaya (SJB) lawmaker Chamindrani Kiriella, in Parliament yesterday (20).

The Kandy district SJB MP raised a spate of questions regarding the current status of prisons with the focus on how the NPP government intended to address the growing congestion within prisons.

The Minister explained that a major building project was now underway to expand Dumbara Prison, situated at Pallekelle, to accommodate 2,500 men and 400 women.

According to Attorney-at-Law Nanayakkara, the proposed Dumbara Prison complex would include 102 housing units for prison personnel.

The Parliament was told that the entire project would cost the taxpayer a staggering Rs 4.3 bn and that Engineering Consultants (Pvt.) Limited (ECL) was responsible for planning and supervision.

The project was progressing and by January 4, 2026, a substantial part of the complex had been built and 2146 inmates already accommodated.

The Minister said that the facility was to accommodate those who were previously held at Nuwara and Bogambara Prisons.

Of some 37,761 held at various prisons, about 27,000 were suspects, the Parliament was told.

MP Kiriella urged Minister Nanayakkara to consider an arrangement, similar to that of South Africa where those languishing in prisons, due to the inability to pay fines, received the required financial assistance from a special fund created for that purpose.

While appreciating the SJB’ers proposal, Minister Nanayakkara said that during 2025, 17,000 persons hadn’t been remanded as part of the government response to overcome overcrowding in prisons. They were being held under supervision, the Minister said.

Minister Nanayakkara said that the primary reason for the congestion was the significant number of those remanded on narcotics-related charges. Of the over 37,000 held in prisons about 30,000 were those who had been arrested on narcotics-related offences, the Minister said. According to the Minister, delay on the part of the Government Analyst’s Department in furnishing relevant reports had created a crisis and action was being taken to recruit 82 persons to that Department. The idea was to establish a system to secure GA reports within three months, the Minister said.

By Shamindra Ferdinando ✍️

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