Features
SYSTEM CHANGE, NOT IN MY LIFETIME!

By Sanjeewa Jayaweera
For a short time, the word “system change” was on the lips of many, spoken, shouted, and written with a great deal of passion and hope. The resignation of Mahinda Rajapaksa and his cabinet was expected to be the beginning of the much sought-after and looked forward to system change.
System change may have meant different things to many. Still, there was universal agreement that the way politicians ruled this island nation needed to change. Notably, a new set of people not tainted with allegations of criminal activity, corruption, nepotism, and incompetence should take charge of governing the nation.
It was generally acknowledged that for decades our country had been systematically destroyed and plundered by those we had elected without even a whimper from most of us. A few who understood the precipitous level to which the economy had descended raised the red flag when Gotabaya Rajapaksa(GR) was elected President and implemented shocking changes to the country’s tax regime that significantly reduced government revenue. A debilitating pandemic made the journey to bankruptcy faster than predicted. But, as was the case, too many in the know kept their mouths shut which emboldened those reposed with managing the country’s economy to experiment with reckless policies that defied logic.
Recently in the United Kingdom, Liz Truss, the newly appointed PM, had to eat humble pie and quickly reverse several contentious tax cuts. However, our President, his government, and the Gang of Four steadfastly, stubbornly, and stupidly carried on to destroy our country’s economy.
The straw that broke the camel’s back was the long power cuts and queuing up for days to buy a packet of powdered milk, a cylinder of cooking gas and fuel. The acknowledgment that the country was officially bankrupt, the collapse of the rupee and the steep increase in prices of essential goods impacted every segment of the population, even if the severity was not the same. Finally, it dawned on a few that a stand must be made, and our contempt and displeasure should be expressed outside the confines of our homes, offices, and cocktail parties.
Arising from the discontent, a few English-speaking middle-class professionals organized silent protests in Colombo’s suburbs, holding placards and a candle to express their frustration and anger towards the government. The number of protest locations increased, and the placards were more explicit in condemning GR and his government.Not many, including myself, took these protests seriously and expected them to die naturally. All that changed when the demonstration organized in Mirihana near GR’s home became a battle between the protesters and the police. There was no doubt that “muscle power” had been added to the previously largely middle-class group.
After that, it quickly progressed to setting up a protest site in Galle Face that attracted a sizable segment of youth. The slogan “Gota Go Home” became a rallying cry for the people to express their anger toward the President and his government. The word “Aragalaya” became the catchphrase for the protest movement.
The momentum remained with the protesters, despite the President making certain cosmetic changes by replacing a few individuals in the cabinet, the central bank, and the treasury. The violence that erupted on May 9 changed the country’s mood and political landscape, with Ranil Wickeamesinghe (RW) appointed the PM. The destruction of several SLPP MP’s private residences and the murder of a member of parliament (MP) resulted in many going into hiding and fearing for their lives.
The events of July 9, when thousands of young and not-so-young protesters marched on and forcibly entered the Presidential palace, resulted in GR fleeing the country and subsequently RW being voted by a majority of MPs as the new President. So, if the objective of the “Aragalaya” was only the replacement of the President, PM and the Cabinet, then it has been somewhat achieved. I say somewhat because the incumbent PM and many in the cabinet are still from the previously failed government of GR.
As someone who worked in the private sector for more than a quarter century and was involved in industries such as hotels, manufacturing, and retail, I support the need for an IMF program and its recommended reforms. We need reforms to rectify decades of bad governance and corruption, and to enable these, a stable government and peace in the country is a prerequisite. Many entrepreneurs have articulated that the initial goal of “Gota Go Home” has been achieved, and now his successor should be given time to rebuild the economy and reset the country.
An often cited justification is that the aragalaya was a spontaneous civil society movement without any visible and structured leadership that could be considered an alternative to the current crop of incompetent and crooked politicians. The violence that erupted on May 9 and July 9 is also a factor that concerned many, although many would privately agree that it was the muscle power of the youth that delivered.
On the other side of the coin, I am confident that RW will not facilitate the desired system change. He is a product and an entrenched representative of the political system that is so corrupt and needs to be changed. He is no less responsible for what the country today is and the suffering being endured. The people rejected RW and his party decisively at the last General Election. As a result, he lost his seat in the heartland of Colombo which previously was the bastion of support for his party.
That RW felt he should accept the appointment of PM and, after that, as President despite less than 300,00 people voting for him and his party is an affirmation of how rotten the system is. His accession to power through a manipulated system will define his Presidency.
Once again, the choice before us seems to be between the devil and the deep blue sea. No doubt the economy needs a stable government, but the majority also wants to see an end to the culture of political entitlement. We need common decency and values and compliance with the rule of law to replace the culture of impunity, rampant corruption and wheeler-dealing that pervades politics in our island nation.In terms of the system change that I want for my country, the important ones are as follows:
Politicians who are not corrupt
We had lived for several decades with rampant corruption that has become a way of life for politicians and has unfortunately permeated down the ranks. That there are no checks and balances and that corruption could be practiced with impunity has been accepted by society with a shrug and a muttering of “monawa karanada, loku ung paga gahanawane.”
Many believe corruption’s economic and social impact on our country is the most significant cause of our current predicament. I remember my father, a retired public servant and civil activist, being interviewed along with a politician on TV about 20 years ago. My father, known for his outspoken and fearless views, said, “In my opinion, all politicians are crooks.” The politician quickly interjected by saying, “Aiyo, Mr. Jayaweera, that is not a fair comment. Some of us are honest.”
My father smiled; many who knew him closely understood what he thought of the response and left it at that. However, about 15 years later, the same politician who was then a cabinet minister, when questioned at the Presidential Commission of Inquiry as to who paid the rent for his luxury penthouse apartment, said, “I do not know.”
I am sure what my father said on TV that day is believed by many to be the gospel truth. It is necessary that an independent commission of inquiry consisting of experienced forensic auditors and retired justices be appointed to go through the assets of all MP’s, current and retired, who are still alive. Any unexplained wealth should result in a prison sentence, debarment from contesting any future elections and forfeiture of all such assets of the MP concerned.
Elimination of Nepotism and Cronyism
Our country has thrived on this practice, with politicians using their power to appoint family members, relatives, and friends to positions of authority, with many not having the requisite knowledge or experience. A recent post in social media listed the names of various politicians who have used their influence to get relatives appointed to several overseas missions. However, that is just the tip of the iceberg. In the future, even those with qualifications related to politicians should not be appointed so that the public is satisfied that there was no favouritism.
All Races, Religions and Languages should be Equal
Politicians have shamelessly and opportunistically used race and religion as political weapons to divide the people. It is time that we all subscribe to the view that all people are equal, should be treated equally, and that Sinhala, Tamil and English be given parity status. Overhaul our Education System, and University education should not be free
As someone who worked in a senior management position in the private sector, I know our education system does not produce people capable of efficiently discharging their work responsibilities. We need to move away from the belief that passing examinations by memorizing will not produce people who are job ready and capable of thinking outside the box. I also believe that a University education needs to be paid for. Government loan schemes and scholarships should be available for those from the poorest families.
An Efficient, Independent, and Fearless Public Sector
Over the years, the public sector has been politicized and made to be servile to its political masters. This has resulted in the country being burdened with a bloated and inefficient public sector costing taxpayers a significant amount of money. The public sector needs to be pruned down, those employed should be made to contribute to their pension, and those above the single-person income tax threshold should be taxed.
To expect the best in the country to seek employment in the public sector, as was done over 80 years ago, would be futile, and as such, I don’t recommend a salary structure in line with the private sector. However, that should be a medium to long-term goal.In addition, no person employed in the public sector should be allowed to go on strike.
Privatise all State-Owned Enterprises
For many decades, it has been acknowledged and proven that the state should not be involved in managing and operating businesses. That this philosophy has not been adhered to has resulted in the taxpayers funding many inefficient and unprofitable enterprises. All such enterprises must be privatized, with the GOSL holding a minority stake. However, there needs to be an independent regulator to ensure that utilities are priced within specific parameters and that there is competition among the players. There should be no monopolies.
Most should pay Income Tax
It is a fact that very few individuals pay income tax. This should not be the case. Many are not paying income tax despite earning more than the single person tax-free threshold. The recent announcement that all above 18 years should have a tax file is a welcome proposal. As to how GOSL intends to enforce this will be interesting. More than 300,000 grocery shops account for nearly 75% of the resale revenue of the Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) industry. How many are registered for Income Tax will be revealing.
The GOSL would need to assess whether the monthly single-person tax-free allowance of Rs. 150,000 is too generous when the average monthly income is far less than the threshold. Otherwise, the objective of most paying income tax would not be achieved.The tax rates for higher income earners should be increased, and I believe even a maximum marginal rate of 50% for a few years is not undesirable. Additional taxes in the form of Capital Gains Tax and Wealth Tax are necessary. As to why the Withholding Tax of 5% on interest income should be the final tax defies logic.In addition, the Inland Revenue Tax Administration should be made effective. This should not mean that they should be allowed to bully those who are paying but to go after those evading the payment of taxes.However, a credible and compliant tax system is only possible if taxpayers feel confident their money is not wasted.
Adherence to the Law and Expeditious Prosecution of the Guilty
Those entrusted with the responsibility of ensuring the country’s laws are adhered to by the public, like the Police, Attorney General’s Department and the Bribery Commission, should enforce the laws stringently, fearlessly, and expeditiously. Remember, “Justice delayed is Justice denied.”My list doe does not end here, but I believe I have listed the most significant changes that I would like to see implemented.
No System Change in My Lifetime
I doubt that much of what I have articulated here will be implemented, at least within my lifetime. To put that in context, let me say I am 63-years old. Despite the tumultuous events in the last few months that gave hope that some form of change would be undertaken, the actions of RW and the SLPP have confirmed that nothing has changed, and the people’s views count for nothing. This is borne out by the recent appointment of 38 state ministers with proven track records of failure and questionable integrity at a significant cost to the taxpayers.The SLPP deemed it fit to launch a “Political Leadership Academy” for political excellence. I read a social media post that quite appropriately stated that it should be an academy specializing in teaching how to bankrupt a country in two years!
The number of cabinet ministers present at the airport to greet former President GR on his return from exile affirms that those present have neither understood the reasons for the previous government’s failure nor the feeling of great antipathy towards GR and his government.Recently, Anura Kumara Dissanayake rattled off a long list of names and positions held in the media unit of RW. That such a large contingent is not needed is obvious.
Despite the financial constraints, the country is presently undergoing RW felt the need to travel along with his spouse (though she paid her airfare) and some others to London to attend the funeral of the Queen. Why our High Commissioner in the UK could not adequately represent our impoverished nation is a question he needs to answer.
Despite my criticism of RW, I believe he is one of the very few in the parliament who can grasp the economic challenges impacting our country and the economic and political reforms that need to be undertaken. However, I doubt that he has the political will to go ahead with such reforms and be the change agent to deliver the system changes that we, the citizens, desire.
(Views and Opinions expressed in this article are of the author and not of any institution or organization that he may be associated with.)
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Features
Celebrating 25 Years of Excellence: The Silver Jubilee of SLIIT – PART I

SLIIT is a degree-awarding higher education institute authorized and approved by the University Grants Commission (UGC) and Ministry of Higher Education under the University Act of the Government of Sri Lanka. SLIIT is also the first Sri Lankan institute accredited by the Institution of Engineering & Technology, UK. Further, SLIIT is also a member of the Association of Commonwealth Universities (ACU) and the International Association of Universities (IAU).
Founded in 1999, with its main campus in Malabe and multiple centers across the country—including Metro Campus (Colombo), Matara, Kurunegala, Kandy (Pallekele), and Jaffna (Northern Uni)—SLIIT provides state-of-the-art facilities for students, now celebrating 25 years of excellence in 2025.
SLIIT continues to expand its academic, research, and industry connections, ensuring its graduates are well-prepared for global challenges while maintaining high standards of education and innovation.
Since its establishment in 1999, the Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology (SLIIT) has played a transformative role in shaping the nation’s technological and educational landscape. Operating as a company limited by guarantee, SLIIT reinvests all surpluses into academic and institutional development, maintaining independence from government ownership and funding since its inception, except for an initial BOI grant and temporary financial support from the Mahapola Trust Fund, which was fully repaid by 2015.
Officially delisted from any government ministry in 2017, SLIIT stands as a fully self-sustaining, non-state higher education institution. Over the years, it has grown from a pioneering IT-focused institute into a multidisciplinary university, offering programs in engineering, business, architecture, and humanities. With a strong emphasis on research, industry collaboration, and global academic partnerships, SLIIT continues to produce highly skilled graduates, reinforcing its reputation as a center of academic excellence and innovation.
Academic Excellence & Global Recognition
* Ranked Sri Lanka’s No. 1 non-state university and 3rd overall in the Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2025.
* Ranked No. 1 in Sri Lanka in the AD Scientific Index World Young University Ranking 2025.
* Secured 5th place in the 2024 Scimago Institutional Ranking (first quartile).
* Maintains an active research culture through grants, research integration into curricula, and a dedicated research center.
Programs, Faculty & Employability
* 25,000+ students, 96% employment rate, and an alumni base of over 40,000 graduates.
* Offers undergraduate, postgraduate, and PhD programs in IT, Engineering, Business, Law, Psychology, Architecture, Quantity Surveying, Nursing, Hospitality & Tourism, Education, and more. Plans to introduce a Medicine program.
* 400+ eminent academics, many with PhDs and international research backgrounds, with a combined 5,000+ years of experience.
Industry & Global Partnerships
* 50+ industry partners, providing internships and job placements.
* Collaborations with leading global universities such as Curtin, Liverpool John Moores, University of Edinburgh, University of Western Australia, and University of Queensland.
Achieving Global Recognition: SLIIT’s World University Ranking
A defining achievement in SLIIT’s journey has been its recognition on the global stage. Today, SLIIT proudly stands as the 3rd highest-ranked university in Sri Lanka among both state and non-state institutions in world university rankings in the Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2025. Notably, it holds the prestigious position of being the highest-ranked non-state university in the country. This recognition is a testament to SLIIT’s unwavering dedication to academic excellence, research contributions, and strong industry partnerships. By continuously improving its academic framework, research output, and international collaborations, SLIIT has firmly established itself as a leading institution in higher education, both locally and globally.
SLIIT Ranked Sri Lanka’s No. 1 Non-State University, Secures 3rd Place Nationally
SLIIT’s Vice-Chancellor, Prof. Lalith Gamage, expressed pride in the institution’s achievement, emphasizing its commitment to academic quality, research impact, and industry collaboration. Prof. Nimal Rajapakse echoed this sentiment, reaffirming SLIIT’s dedication to institutional excellence and global engagement. Looking forward, SLIIT aims to further strengthen its academic and research capabilities while positioning itself as a top choice for students seeking international-standard education.
Academic Excellence and Research Contributions
SLIIT has consistently maintained high academic standards, fostering an environment that encourages critical thinking, creativity, and technological innovation. Its research contributions in artificial intelligence, data science, cybersecurity, and other emerging fields have significantly impacted the academic and industrial spheres. Collaborations with international universities and institutions have further strengthened its research capabilities, allowing students and faculty to engage in groundbreaking projects that address global challenges.
Industry Partnerships and Global Recognition
One of the hallmarks of SLIIT’s success has been its strong industry partnerships. By working closely with leading corporations, startups, and government agencies, the institution has ensured that its graduates are well-equipped with the skills and knowledge required to excel in the modern workforce. Internship programs, industry-led workshops, and career placement initiatives have solidified SLIIT’s reputation as a premier institution for producing job-ready professionals. The university’s global collaborations have also positioned it as a key player in international education, further enhancing its credibility and influence.
Empowering Future Leaders

SLIIT Vice Chancellor, Professor Lalith Gamage, presents the winners’ trophy
Beyond academics, SLIIT has nurtured a vibrant student community that thrives on extracurricular activities, leadership development, and social responsibility. Student-led clubs, hackathons, entrepreneurship initiatives, and community service projects have created a holistic learning experience, empowering students to become well-rounded individuals and future leaders in their respective fields.
The Future
To be a globally recognized leader in higher education, research, and innovation, driving technological advancements and academic excellence to empower future generations. SLIIT envisions itself as a transformative force in shaping the future of education, fostering a culture of creativity, critical thinking, and industry collaboration to address emerging global challenges.
As SLIIT embarks on its next 25 years, SLIIT is looking forward to:
Expand academic offerings to align with the evolving demands of industry and society, ensuring students are equipped with future-ready skills.
Strengthen research capabilities by fostering innovation, interdisciplinary collaboration, and real-world impact in fields such as artificial intelligence, cybersecurity, engineering, and business.
Cultivate a dynamic learning environment that nurtures intellectual curiosity, critical thinking, and ethical leadership.
Enhance global partnerships with universities, industries, and research institutions to promote knowledge exchange and technological advancements.
Contribute meaningfully to national and global progress by developing a generation of professionals, entrepreneurs, and researchers who drive sustainable development and innovation.
Winning National and International Competitions
SLIIT has demonstrated excellence not only in academics and sports but also in various national and international competitions. Students and faculty have participated and triumphed in globally recognized contests, including programming competitions, hackathons, robotics championships, and business case challenges. These victories highlight SLIIT’s emphasis on innovation, problem-solving, and technical expertise. The university’s commitment to nurturing talent and providing competitive exposure has enabled students to showcase their capabilities on prestigious global platforms, bringing recognition to both themselves and the institution.
Conclusion
The Silver Jubilee of SLIIT is not just a celebration of its past achievements but also a recognition of its continued commitment to shaping the future of education and technology. As we commemorate this significant milestone, we extend our gratitude to the visionary leaders, dedicated faculty, industrious students, and supportive industry partners who have contributed to SLIIT’s remarkable journey. With a strong foundation and an inspiring vision, SLIIT is poised to achieve even greater heights in the years to come.
(The writer, a senior Chartered Accountant and professional banker, is Professor at SLIIT University, Malabe. He is also the author of the “Doing Social Research and Publishing Results”, a Springer publication (Singapore), and “Samaja Gaveshakaya (in Sinhala). The views and opinions expressed in this article are solely those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the institution he works for. He can be contacted at saliya.a@slit.lk and www.researcher.com)
Features
Notes from AKD’s Textbook

Small State Diplomacy:
There is a vast and increasingly interesting body of literature on the ways in which small and militarily and economically not so powerful countries, such as Sri Lanka, could deal with more powerful countries such as India and China, the United States and Canada and much of Western Europe, with whom Sri Lanka has trade and political links. In general, small state diplomacy is understood in the context of and in opposition to great power diplomacy. Until the Cold War came to an end, small states were generally seen as ‘rule-takers’ or those following diktats set by powerful nations, the ‘rule-makers’. Along the same vein, such small nations were also seen as mere consumers of security products and military alliances rather than initiators of these things.
But in contemporary times, there are many studies that have attempted to explain how and under what conditions it would be possible for the foreign policies of small states and their diplomatic efforts to influence and impact international affairs. Ideally, like more powerful countries, the goals of smaller and less powerful nations should also reflect their own core national interests, including safeguarding territorial integrity, advancing prosperity, and protecting the rights of their citizens beyond their borders. But these interests should be advanced in tandem with broader global concerns, focused on influencing the international environment in general.
It is in this context that Sri Lanka has spectacularly failed as a small state, particularly after the collapse of the Non-Aligned Movement and the abysmal failure of the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation. Sri Lanka’s failure has also resulted from very specific local ruptures directly linked to dismantling democratic practices in the country since the late 1970s. These include the steady politicization and the resultant mediocratization of the country’s Foreign Service and the negative impact of the long lineage of elected but unenlightened political leaders from Presidents to Prime Ministers, Foreign Ministers and others who have undisputedly compromised Sri Lankan foreign policy and global standing. The country has not produced diplomats in a long time who have steadfastly looked after Sri Lanka’s interests in the world without pandering to the diktats of autocratic governments at home, with the assurance that they will be protected in return.
Similarly, Sri Lanka has been very unfortunate to not have leaders at the apex of local power who could intelligently and sensibly speak their mind to global and regional powers with a clear understanding of how international politics work and how the country can protect its national interest within this rubric.
So far, there has been an utter compromise of such interests through personal greed, the lack of preparedness and absence of intelligence. This is the reason Sri Lankan diplomacy and foreign policy have often failed or become very ordinary, even when it comes to crucial elements of the field, such as negotiations. I include in this category both political leaders and weak-willed and unenlightened foreign service officers. This has resulted in Sri Lanka ending up agreeing to be part of woefully inadequate and nationally unprofitable agreements, thereby constantly relegated to being on the proverbial backfoot; the longstanding Human Rights Council resolution in Geneva being a case in point, while the Indo-Sri Lanka Free Trade Agreement is another problematic example from the region. As a nation, we have shown our incapability in negotiating not only with more powerful countries, but even with private entities from such countries.
Against this backdrop, President Anura Kumara Dissanayake’s state visit to India, in December 2024, can be seen as a breath of fresh air on how one may engage in a more refined foreign policy that will look after local interests at the global level. Given our usual pusillanimity, the stand taken by President Disanayake when India’s Minister of External Affairs S. Jaishankar called on him, becomes interesting. Of course, Jaishankar is a seasoned career diplomat who has always stood for India’s interests internationally, while Dissanayake is a man without experience in dealing with global leaders. After all, this was his first state visit with a motley crew, equally lacking experience in international relations.
However, by all reports reaching us from the discourse on this visit, Dissanayake did well even though much of this has not been adequately reported in the press, barring the solitary intervention by Minister Sunil Handunnetti in Parliament, in February 2025. President Dissanayake’s success came from his political acumen and extreme confidence emanating from the powerful local mandate he had been given by the Sri Lankan people. He expressed what he had to say without floundering, in clear Sinhala, which was translated into English. At one point, Jaishankar had engaged Dissanayake on the perennial fishermen’s issue involving the two countries. He said it would be good to find a solution that made sense to Sri Lanka, but it also needed to convince the political interests in Tamil Nadu.
In his response, President Dissanayake minced no words, articulating where his responsibility lies, stating that for the first time people from northern Sri Lanka showed confidence in a political party from the south, which he represented, and it was essential to build on this trust and safeguard their rights, livelihood and security. In other words, he resisted the usual official Indian refrain and raised without reservations the issue of Indian poaching in Sri Lankan waters. Sri Lanka’s firm position on this controversial issue was thus elucidated very clearly by President Dissanayake to Dr Jaishankar.
For me, used to seeing nationally counter-productive positions and agreements shoved down Sri Lanka’s throat by powerful nations and organizatipns at international meetings, this was a refreshing textbook example of how a small country should conduct its foreign relations with a powerful neighbour with a reasonable degree of self-respect and core national interest at heart. But this is merely one example of Dissanayake’s numerous successful engagements with Jaishankar. It is understood that other such instances include Dissanayake’s stand on India’s interest in constructing a land bridge between the two countries and its persistent pressure on the 13th Amendment to Sri Lanka’s Constitution.
This brings to my mind a comparatively different example from the Yahapalanaya era. In 2015, while preparing to meet the Dalai Lama in Dharamsala with a small group of academics and friends, I was informed by one of his staff members that he longed to visit the Temple of the Tooth in Kandy, at least once in his life, the only significant Buddhist temple connected directly to the life of the Buddha he had not been able visit. The reason being he would not be given a visa by the Sri Lankan government due to its needless deference to the Chinese government. This had become an unquestioned and established practice of Sri Lankan foreign policy with regard to the Dalai Lama. The irony is that this is a highly respected global personality who continues to be welcomed openly by countries which have robust trade and political relations with China. I took it upon myself to write to President Maithirpala Sirisena and Prime Minister Ranil Wickremesinghe that Sri Lanka should allow the Dalai Lama to visit and expounded on why this would not dent our relations with China. I never heard from them. I was also told by Sri Lankan diplomats at the time both in Delhi and Colombo this would never happen.
This is a telling example of the mediocrity and non-independence of our foreign policy, even at a fundamental level. It is, and not only in this instance, often dictated by what other nations might think, or how they may feel or react, rather than what Sri Lanka wants to do in keeping with its convictions, and that, too, without properly evaluating the merits of each case. Consecutive post-Independence Sri Lankan governments have not issued a visa to the Dalai Lama. Juxtapose this to the instance when in 2014, the Mahinda Rajapaksa government allowed the violent Burmese Buddhist monk, Ashin Wirathu, who once identified himself as ‘the Burmese bin Laden’ to visit Sri Lanka to attend a public meeting in Colombo.
This needs to be considered in terms of realpolitik. That is, would the Chinese want to lose out on the far greater advantages of their considerable investments and structures of influence by withdrawing from Sri Lanka, because the Sri Lankan government allowed the elderly Dalai Lama a deeply personal spiritual visit? At most, they would issue an irate statement conveying their displeasure as they have done consistently on all such occasions involving other countries. But on the Sri Lankan government’s part, depriving a visit to the Dalai Lama to the Temple of the Tooth located in the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Kandy no less, is utterly un-Buddhist for a state that accords the foremost place to Buddhism in its constitution. I do hope President Dissanayake would be able to see the frivolity of the reasoning of his successors and advance the possibilities in his newfound textbook on small state diplomacy.
But, in the long term, this new textbook approach will be successful only if more concrete work is put into the process. A visit by the Dalai Lama would be one aspect that can send a much needed signal to the world that finally our foreign policy is standing on its own feet without compromising the country’s relations with other nations. More can be done when Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi visits Sri Lanka on 5th April 2025. One hopes that Dissanayake will engage with his foreign visitor to make clear what the national interests are.
After all, the land bridge idea consistently pushed by India is vehemently opposed by both the country’ powerful Buddhist clergy and many ordinary Sri Lankans who happen to have brought President Dissanayake and his party to power. The 13th Amendment, forced into the Sri Lankan Constitution with direct Indian intervention, albeit under an Indian National Congress (INC) government, should never be part of any future constitution. After all, President Dissanayake’s own party, the JVP, has consistently opposed the 13th Amendment. This does not mean, however, that regional socio-political interests within the island should not be addressed in a future constitution-making process within a local paradigm; they certainly should be.
On the other hand, while we should be open to Indian investments and any others in keeping with the laws of the land, allowing backdoor and illegal entry of projects of the kind that Adani attempted, should be out of the question. This can be part of the conversation during the upcoming visit of Mr Modi. It would behoove the Sri Lankan government to be mindful that Indian foreign policy in the region has in recent times run into spectacular failures as exemplified by the cases of Bangladesh, Nepal and the Maldives as well as India’s general inability to counter Chinese influence in the region.
One hopes that President Dissanayake will continue to engage with his visitor and others like him in times to come in the manner he has already established during his 2024 state visit to India.
Features
Removing obstacles to development

Six months into the term of office of the new government, the main positive achievements continue to remain economic and political stability and the reduction of waste and corruption. The absence of these in the past contributed to a significant degree to the lack of development of the country. The fact that the government is making a serious bid to ensure them is the best prognosis for a better future for the country. There is still a distance to go. The promised improvements that would directly benefit those who are at the bottom of the economic pyramid, and the quarter of the population who live below the poverty line, have yet to materialise. Prices of essential goods have not come down and some have seen sharp increases such as rice and coconuts. There are no mega projects in the pipeline that would give people the hope that rapid development is around the corner.
There were times in the past when governments succeeded in giving the people big hopes for the future as soon as they came to power. Perhaps the biggest hope came with the government’s move towards the liberalisation of the economy that took place after the election of 1977. President J R Jayewardene and his team succeeded in raising generous international assistance, most of it coming in the form of grants, that helped to accelerate the envisaged 30 year Mahaweli Development project to just six years. In 1992 President Ranasinghe Premadasa thought on a macro scale when his government established 200 garment factories throughout the country to develop the rural economy and to help alleviate poverty. These large scale projects brought immediate hope to the lives of people.
More recently the Hambantota Port project, Mattala Airport and the Colombo Port City project promised mega development that excited the popular imagination at the time they commenced, though neither of them has lived up to their envisaged potential. These projects were driven by political interests and commission agents rather than economic viability leading to debt burden and underutilisation. The NPP government would need to be cautious about bringing in similar mega projects that could offer the people the hope of rapid economic growth. During his visits to India and China, President Anura Kumara Dissanayake signed a large number of agreements with the governments of those countries but the results remain unclear. The USD 1 billion Adani project to generate wind power with Indian collaboration appears to be stalled. The USD 3.7 billion Chinese proposal to build an oil refinery also appears to be stalled.
RENEWED GROWTH
The absence of high profile investments or projects to generate income and thereby take the country to a higher level of development is a lacuna in the development plans of the government. It has opened the door to invidious comparisons to be drawn between the new government’s ability to effect change and develop the economy in relation to those in the opposition political parties who have traditionally been in the seats of power. However, recently published statistics of the economic growth during the past year indicates that the economy is doing better than anticipated under the NPP government. Sri Lanka’s economy grew by 5 percent in the year 2024, reversing two years of contraction with the growth rate for the year of 2023 being estimated at negative 2.3 percent. What was particularly creditable was the growth rate for the fourth quarter of 2024 (after the new government took over) being 5.4 percent. The growth figures for the present quarter are also likely to see a continuation of the present trend.
Sri Lanka’s failure in the past has been to sustain its economic growth rates. Even though the country started with high growth rates under different governments, it soon ran into problems of waste and corruption that eroded those gains. During the initial period of President J R Jayawardene’s government in the late 1970s, the economy registered near 8 percent growth with the support of its mega projects, but this could not be sustained. Violent conflict, waste and corruption came to the centre stage which led to the economy getting undermined. With more and more money being spent on the security forces to battle those who had become insurgents against the state, and with waste and corruption skyrocketing there was not much left over for economic development.
The government’s commitment to cut down on waste and corruption so that resources can be saved and added to enable economic growth can be seen in the strict discipline it has been following where expenditures on its members are concerned. The government has restricted the cabinet to 25 ministers, when in the past the figure was often double. The government has also made provision to reduce the perks of office, including medical insurance to parliamentarians. The value of this latter measure is that the parliamentarians will now have an incentive to upgrade the health system that serves the general public, instead of running it down as previous governments did. With their reduced levels of insurance coverage they will need to utilise the public health facilities rather than go to the private ones.
COMMITTED GOVERNMENT
The most positive feature of the present time is that the government is making a serious effort to root out corruption. This is to be seen in the invigoration of previously dormant institutions of accountability, such as the Bribery and Corruption Commission, and the willingness of the Attorney General’s Department to pursue those who were previously regarded as being beyond the reach of the law due to their connections to those in the seats of power. The fact that the Inspector General of Police, who heads the police force, is behind bars on a judicial order is an indication that the rule of law is beginning to be taken seriously. By cost cutting, eliminating corruption and abiding by the rule of law the government is removing the obstacles to development. In the past, the mega development projects failed to deliver their full benefits because they got lost in corrupt and wasteful practices including violent conflict.
There is a need, however, for new and innovative development projects that require knowledge and expertise that is not necessarily within the government. So far it appears that the government is restricting its selection of key decision makers to those it knows, has worked with and trusts due to long association. Two of the committees that the government has recently appointed, the Clean Lanka task force and the Tourism advisory committee are composed of nearly all men from the majority community. If Sri Lanka is to leverage its full potential, the government must embrace a more inclusive approach that incorporates women and diverse perspectives from across the country’s multiethnic and multireligious population, including representation from the north and east. For development that includes all, and is accepted by all, it needs to tap into the larger resources that lie outside itself.
By ensuring that women and ethnic minorities have representation in decision making bodies of the government, the government can harness a broader range of skills, experiences, and perspectives, ultimately leading to more effective and sustainable development policies. Sustainable development is not merely about economic growth; it is about inclusivity and partnership. A government that prioritises diversity in its leadership will be better equipped to address the challenges that can arise unexpectedly. By widening its advisory base and integrating a broader array of voices, the government can create policies that are not only effective but also equitable. Through inclusive governance, responsible economic management, and innovative development strategies the government will surely lead the country towards a future that benefits all its people.
by Jehan Perera
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