Business
SL has very limited policy tools to provide relief and boost output recovery – IPS Executive Director
By Ifham Nizam
Sri Lanka’s economy, hit by a series of crises, including a foreign currency shortage, fuel and food scarcities and a sharp decline in government revenues, is struggling to emerge from the turmoil. Besides, it has very limited policy tools to provide relief and boost output recovery, Institute of Policy Studies (IPS) Executive Director, Dr. Dushni Weerakoon said.
Speaking at the recent launch of the IPS report, ‘Sri Lanka: State of the Economy 2024’, on the theme, “Economic Scars of Multiple Crises: From Data to Policy,” Weerakoon said the report provides a deep analysis of the country’s recovery efforts and the policy choices that will shape its future.
Some100 representatives of the government, private sector and civil society gathered at the launch to discuss Sri Lanka’s fragile economic recovery, dissect the root causes of its persistent challenges and to debate potential solutions.
While the country is on a path to recovery, it is a delicate one, Weerakoon said.
Weerakoon stressed the need for “marginal changes” in tax and spending policies to address deep-rooted inequalities. These adjustments, she suggested, are the most prudent means to improve living standards in a nation that continues to reel from economic shocks. ‘The State of the Economy 2024’ report underscores the importance of refining policy strategies to ensure that they are both effective and equitable, without derailing the country’s fragile recovery process, she said.
‘The IPS report brought attention to one of the most controversial issues in Sri Lanka’s post-crisis economic recovery: taxation. VAT hikes and the removal of exemptions have disproportionately impacted the country’s poorest, further widening the socio-economic divide, the IPS head explained.
IPS Research Economist, Priyanka Jayawardena said that households in the lowest income decile spend about 10% of their income on VAT, compared to only 6% among higher-income groups.
The findings also show that while direct taxes, such as PAYE and PIT, are progressive—meaning they tax the wealthy more heavily—Sri Lanka is still plagued by high levels of tax evasion. In 2023, less than one-third of the estimated Rs. 131 billion payable in personal income tax was actually collected.
According to Dr. Pulasthi Amerasinghe, Research Economist at IPS, the Aswesuma welfare program adopts more stringent eligibility criteria, making it a more targeted approach to social welfare. Around 54% of former Samurdhi beneficiaries qualify for Aswesuma, reflecting the programme’s improved focus on deprivation indicators across 22 criteria.
However, despite the programme’s refined targeting mechanisms, there remain serious concerns about those left behind. As Dr. Amerasinghe noted, nearly 40% of food-insecure households, a group particularly vulnerable in times of economic crisis, were found to be ineligible under the Aswesuma criteria.
IPS Director of Research, Dr. Nisha Arunatilake, revealed troubling statistics from the Labour Force Survey: 65% of young Sri Lankans aged 20-24 not being engaged in any form of education. This means that a significant portion of the country’s youth is entering the labour market with low or outdated skills, which undermines their ability to compete in an increasingly digital global economy.
Adding to this is the decline in high-skilled employment, which dropped from 23% in 2018 to 20% in 2023. Emigration of skilled workers, drawn by better wages abroad, has resulted in a shortage of professionals in critical sectors, such as, engineering, IT and management.
Suresh Ranasinghe, IPS Research Officer, highlighted this “brain drain” as a significant factor driving down managerial positions in Sri Lanka, which have halved over the past five years. The consequences of this are far-reaching: as skilled talent leaves, the country’s labor market struggles to meet the demands of modern industries, thereby stifling productivity and innovation.
Business
Rs. 1 million fine proposed on substandard plastic producers
The government’s proposal to raise fines on manufacturers of substandard plastic products to as much as Rs. 1 million is expected to trigger a major compliance shift within Sri Lanka’s plastics industry, correcting long-standing market distortions caused by weak enforcement.
Environment Deputy Minister Anton Jayakody said the move targets producers who continue to bypass approved standards, undercutting compliant manufacturers and exacerbating environmental damage.
Environment Ministry Advisor Dr. Ravindra Kariyawasam said the initiative represents a structural market correction rather than a purely environmental intervention.
“Non-compliant producers have enjoyed an artificial cost advantage for years, distorting pricing and discouraging legitimate investment,” Kariyawasam told The Island Financial Review. “Meaningful penalties are essential to restore fairness and industry discipline.”
He said the widespread circulation of low-grade plastic products has eroded consumer confidence and delayed the sector’s transition towards higher-value and sustainable manufacturing.
Industry analysts note that a Rs. 1 million fine would significantly alter risk calculations for marginal operators, forcing upgrades in machinery, testing and compliance or pushing weaker players out of the market.
Kariyawasam stressed that the policy is intended to support responsible businesses rather than suppress industry growth.
“Manufacturers investing in recycling, biodegradable alternatives and quality assurance should not be penalised by competing with environmentally damaging, low-cost products,” he said.
The Deputy Minister indicated that tighter enforcement will be paired with policy support for sustainable packaging and circular-economy initiatives, aligning the sector with emerging global trade and environmental standards.
From a business perspective, the proposed regulation is likely to impact pricing, supply chains and capital investment decisions, while improving the long-term credibility of Sri Lanka’s plastics industry in both domestic and export markets.
By Ifham Nizam
Business
First Capital to unveil Sri Lanka’s Economic Outlook and Investment Strategies for 2026
First Capital Holdings PLC (the Group), a subsidiary of JXG (Janashakthi Group) and a pioneering force in Sri Lanka’s investment landscape, is set to host the 12th edition of its renowned ‘First Capital Investor Symposium’ on 22 January 2026 at Cinnamon Life Colombo, starting from 5.30 pm onwards.
The 12th Edition will focus on Sri Lanka’s Economic Outlook for 2026, offering attendees a comprehensive analysis of market forecasts, investment strategies and emerging opportunities in the capital markets. The symposium serves as a crucial gathering for investors seeking insights to navigate the evolving economic landscape and make sound, strategic decisions.
As a leading investment institution, First Capital remains committed to promoting informed decision-making through comprehensive research and market analysis. By hosting this annual symposium, the organisation reinforces its role as a trusted partner in Sri Lanka’s capital markets, providing a premier platform for investors, professionals, and industry leaders to exchange knowledge, explore opportunities and build meaningful connections.
A key highlight of this year’s agenda will be First Capital’s presentation on the Economic and Investment Outlook, outlining market conditions and investment strategies for the period ahead. The presentation will be delivered by Ranjan Ranatunga, Assistant Vice President – Research of First Capital Holdings PLC.
Business
Rivers, Rights, Resilience Forum 2026 begins in Colombo
Oxfam in Asia commenced the Rivers, Rights, Resilience Forum (RRRF) 2026, a three-day regional forum bringing together water experts, policymakers, civil society, researchers, and community leaders from across South Asia and beyond to strengthen cooperation on shared river systems and climate resilience.
The Forum is part of the Transboundary Rivers of South Asia (TROSA) programme, supported by the Government of Sweden, which works on the Ganges–Brahmaputra–Meghna (GBM) river basins, while also encouraging cross-basin learning at the regional and global levels. This year’s theme is “Building Resilient Communities and Ecosystems.” The Forum is co-organised by Oxfam in Asia and Dev Pro, Sri Lanka.
The forum opened with a welcome address by John Samuel, Regional Director, Oxfam in Asia, who highlighted the deep connection between rivers, politics, climate change, and sustainability. He underlined how rivers shape both environmental and social outcomes across South Asia and called for stronger collaboration between governments and civil society.
“Today building resilience is important in terms of climate and politics, and when civic space is shrinking, we should all work in solidarity,” he said.
Speaking at the Forum, Chamindry Saparamadu, Executive Director of DevPro shared examples of how communities in Sri Lanka have taken actions to ensure equitable access to water resources through catchment protection initiatives, community-based water societies etc. She further highlighted that learning exchanges would be useful to further strengthen inter-provincial water governance in Sri Lanka.
The Chief Guest, Syeda Rizwana Hasan, Advisor, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change and Ministry of Water Resources, Bangladesh, in her video message, emphasised the need for regional cooperation among South Asian countries beyond the upstream–downstream identity.
“Climate change will make water scarce, so South Asian countries have to come together to work on the common interest of their communities. Rivers are not just ecology but economics as well for communities. Forums like this help us to share our experience and learn from each other,” she said.
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