News
Lanka massacres that triggered civil war haunt 40 years later
by Amal JAYASINGHE
Forty years ago, mobs in Sri Lanka burned 13 people alive, part of a week-long pogrom that turbocharged simmering ethnic unrest into all-out civil war.Known in Sri Lanka as “Black July”, the brutal violence triggered a 26-year conflict that killed about 100,000 people and set development back by decades, ending only after the Tamil rebels fighting for autonomy were massacred in 2009.
The 1983 anti-Tamil mob attacks escalated on July 29, when Mohan Panneer Selvam was just eight years old.A rampaging gang torched his home in the tea-growing central town of Hawa Eliya, burning 13 people inside, including his parents, relatives and their staff.
“My grandmother started to escape, they shot her and threw her body into the house,” Panneer Selvam said, breaking down while recalling the events narrated to him by his older sister.
He and his younger brother were away at boarding school when the riots broke out, returning as orphans to the ruins of their burned home two months later.His sister — then a child of 10 — was the sole survivor only because their mother “threw her out of the kitchen window,” he said. She was wounded and found “two or three days later” by police and sent to a camp for Tamils made homeless by the violence.
“My sister saw the burnt bodies — they put the bodies in a municipal tractor (trailer),” he told AFP. “They dumped them somewhere.”
Ethnic tensions between the mainly Buddhist Sinhalese majority and the largely Hindu and Christian Tamil minority had long simmered, and worsened after ex-colonial ruler Britain quit in 1948.The conflict erupted in July 1983, when a landmine ambush laid by Tamil rebels killed 13 Sinhalese soldiers, in the Tamil heartland of Jaffna.The government flew the bodies to Colombo for a mass burial, but relatives demanded individual funerals and rioted.
The backlash degenerated into a week of violence targeting Tamils, with the worst of the violence on July 29, dubbed “Black Friday”, when Panneer Selvam’s family was killed.According to the government, about 400 to 600 people died over the course of the massacres — mostly Tamils. But minority groups say the true toll could be in the thousands.
“The events that happened… changed the course of history,” said Tamil legislator M. A. Sumanthiran.
“We don’t regard what happened in 1983 as a riot, because it was planned violence unleashed on the Tamil people in this country. It was a pogrom.”
Some claim the army was actively involved or provided tacit support to the attacks in revenge for the loss of their 13 comrades, and several then-government officials were seen leading mobs. No one has been prosecuted.But some Sinhalese did protect Tamil neighbours.Human Rights lawyer Nimalka Fernando, who is Sinhalese, sheltered Tamil and Muslim neighbours.
“Over 40 years, it has been a journey to grapple with waves of internally displaced people, waves of refugees in my own country,” she said.
Sumanthiran said autonomy was the “political standard of the Tamil people”, noting they had always voted for a federal system — and had even demanded a separate state during elections in 1977.
“To quell that, to subdue that, violence was practised,” he said. “So ‘83 was the height of that kind of strategy by the government”
Sumanthiran says about 1.3 million Tamils fled the country after the riots, many north to neighbouring India — motivating their increasing interest in the conflict.New Delhi pressed Colombo to seek peace by granting autonomy to the Tamils, and the Sinhalese leaders’ policy “boomeranged” back in their faces, he added.
“While everything was on fire, the Indian government intervened,” Sumanthiran said.Of the estimated 100,000 killed in the war, the dead are split roughly equally between the security forces, Tamil fighters and Tamil civilians, with Sinhalese and Muslims also among the dead.
The physical scars of the war fade, and only a few of the battle-scarred buildings remain. But the legacy of events 40 years ago lives on.Today, Sumanthiran said many Tamils still dream of political autonomy.
“Successive governments after the war ended have been successful in sort of delaying it — promising and not doing,” he said. “But I don’t think they can do that for too long”.
News
Engineers draw red line as CEBEU warns of union action over appointed date
Engineers at the Ceylon Electricity Board have drawn a clear red line over the government’s plan to gazette the appointed date for restructuring the utility, warning that trade union action will follow if the move is pushed through without addressing their core demands, the Sunday Island learns.
The powerful Ceylon Electricity Board Engineers’ Union (CEBEU) says preparations are already under way for industrial action, most likely after the appointed date gazette is published, should the Minister proceed without resolving outstanding issues raised repeatedly by engineers.
“If the appointed date is gazetted without addressing our demands, we will have no option but to take trade union action,” a senior electrical engineer told The Island, stressing that the warning should be taken seriously.
CEBEU sources say the engineers’ demands are aimed at preventing a structural and financial crisis in the electricity sector, rather than blocking reform. They insist that unbundling the CEB without first putting in place firm safeguards would expose the sector to instability and consumers to higher costs.
The engineers’ key demands include: legally binding financial safeguards to ensure the proposed Electricity Generation Company is viable from inception; protection against the transfer of legacy liabilities, extraordinary costs, or inefficiencies to new entities or electricity consumers; enforceable accountability for management and policy decisions that inflate system costs; genuine, structured consultation with technical professionals before irreversible decisions are taken; and a halt to gazetting the appointed date until these safeguards are formally incorporated.
Engineers warn that rushing the appointed date would lock existing weaknesses into the new structure, making them harder—and more expensive—to fix later. “Once the appointed date is gazetted, there is no rewind button,” a senior engineer said. “If the foundation is flawed, the entire structure will suffer.”
Meanwhile, according to energy analyst, Dr. Vidhura Ralapanwe, electricity sector reforms must be grounded in technical and financial reality, not driven by administrative timelines.
He has cautioned that implementing structural changes without correcting underlying governance and cost issues risks destabilising the sector and undermining public confidence.
CEBEU officials reject claims that the union is resisting reform. They say engineers are being sidelined in decision-making while being held responsible for system performance. “We are accountable for keeping the system running, but our professional warnings are being ignored,” one engineer said. “That is not reform; it is reckless governance.”
With the Minister yet to gazette the appointed date, tensions within the power sector are rising sharply.
Engineers say the government now faces a stark choice: engage with professionals and fix the problems first—or brace for confrontation in a sector where disruption will have coutrywide consequences.
By Ifham Nizam ✍️
News
Navam Perahera and sacred relics exhibition at Gangaramaya
The annual Colombo Navam Maha Perahera, along with an exhibition of sacred relics brought from India, will be held at Gangaramaya Vihara in Hunupitiya, featuring a series of religious observances, according to Most Venerable Dr. Kirinde Assaji Thera.
Addressing a media briefing on Friday, the Venerable Thera said the Perahera will take place on January 31 and February 1, commencing at 7.30 p.m. and concluding before 10.00 p.m., after parading through the streets of Colombo.
He said specially decorated floats have been prepared to depict key historical events, enabling foreign visitors to better understand Sri Lanka’s cultural and religious heritage. The floats will portray significant moments such as the arrival of Arahat Mahinda, the bringing of the Sri Maha Bodhi, and the arrival of the Sacred Tooth Relic, and will be performed by leading local artistes.
The procession is expected to feature around 8,000 dancers and elephants, representing a wide range of traditional dance forms.
The exhibition of sacred relics from the Devnimodara Shrine in India will be held at Gangaramaya Vihara from February 4 to 11. The Venerable Thera urged devotees to visit the temple dressed in white and to refrain from bringing valuables or large items of luggage. He added that necessary facilities have been arranged to accommodate the large number of devotees expected.
Meanwhile, Minister of Buddhasasana, Religious and Cultural Affairs Dr. Hiniduma Sunil Senevi said a mobile application will be introduced to inform devotees of the approximate date and time allocated for venerating the Sarvagna Dhathu, in a bid to manage crowds more efficiently.
Senior DIG in charge of Colombo G. Nishantha de Zoysa said a special security plan has been implemented with the assistance of the tri-forces, in accordance with instructions from the Ministry of Public Security and the Inspector General of Police. He added that a comprehensive traffic management plan, including alternative routes, has been prepared, and that detailed police announcements will be issued shortly. The Senior DIG also advised the public not to carry large luggage, jewellery, mobile phones, or other valuables when visiting the exhibition.
News
CID sleuths still plodding on with their probe into controversial Grade 6 English module
The CID has so far recorded statements from 15 individuals in connection with the Grade 6 English module, police headquarters sources said yesterday.
The CID stated that several officials of the National Institute of Education (NIE), Maharagama, are among those from whom statements have been obtained.
On Thursday, the CID also recorded a statement from Venerable Ulapane Sumangala Thera.
Several parties, including the Secretary to the Ministry of Education, had previously lodged complaints with the CID regarding the inclusion of the name of an inappropriate website in the Grade 6 English module.
by Norman Palihawadane ✍️
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