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Development dilemmas of the South and G20 questions

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President Vladimir Putin with North Korean leader Kim Jong-un.

With another G20 summit just around the corner, the poorest of poor countries are justified in posing the question to the world community: what’s in the summit for us by way of real development? The apparent inability of the most powerful political personalities among the G20 leadership to close ranks among themselves and project the image of an undivided, united grouping, adds to the urgency of this poser.

One of the most troubling developments in this connection is the reported inability of Chinese President Xi Jinping and Russian President Vladimir Putin to attend in person the summit to be convened in New Delhi this weekend. Instead, senior state personnel occupying the second tier of leadership of the respective countries are expected to stand in for their leaders. However, such adjustments could hardly rectify the damage caused to G20 unity on account of the absence of the Chinese and Russian Presidents.

The impression cannot be avoided that Realpolitik considerations are at the heart of these tensions within the G20. Issues growing out of the Russian invasion of Ukraine could be said to be further fueling power rivalries between East and West. However, it ought to have been clear to the impartial observer that East and West had got into an increasingly fractious relationship over the past 20 years and more, simply over the question of which power bloc would be exercising decisive power over the international political and economic order.

The latest détente process between East and West came to a close with the advent to power in Russia of Vladmir Putin. To express it concisely, ‘Making Russia great again’ seems to be the overall foreign policy aim of the Putin regime. Russian expansionist aims in the Crimea and the Ukraine, for example, made this quite clear.

The regime’s military overtures in the East European countries mentioned underscored Russia’s aim of reacquiring territory that it perceives to belong to it. In the wake of these developments, the arms race between East and West could be described as only escalating. Thus are compounded the issues between East and West.

The latter bloc has ended some of its major military commitments in the South and South-East Asian theatres, its pull-out from Afghanistan being a case in point, but its current military support for Ukraine, is concrete evidence that the West intends to continue to ‘fight fire with fire’ on the East-West confrontation front. Accordingly, there could be no let-up in the power struggle between East and West.

As is clear, tensions between China and the West are centering mainly on the economic sphere. The unrelenting trade wars between the sides are one proof of this. Of the two Eastern powers, China is the more subtle and sharp one because it realizes that in the final analysis economics drives politics.

Hence, China’s exertions to emerge superior to the US in the bilateral trade and commercial spheres. These realities ought to compel the West to adopt a more nuanced foreign policy approach towards China rather than seeing the latter as succumbing to the cruder pressure tactics adopted by the West towards its international adversaries over the decades.

Amidst these convulsive convolutions in current international politics, the poorest of the poor among Southern states would need to act with marked foresight and foreign policy dexterity. The weakest in the South cannot afford to be seen as aligning excessively with this or that major global power and their connected security formations. As indicated in this column over the past few weeks, they have no choice but to be Non-aligned.

That is, the weakest of the South are obliged to steer clear of these adversarial alliances and follow a policy of being cordial towards all major international actors with a view to acquiring their best economic and security interests. Rather than fall foul of powers that are seen to matter, the weak should view it as mandatory to engage the former in a most trouble-free, diplomatic manner and thereby secure their legitimate interests judiciously. This is Non-alignment in its essence.

At present it is the poorest countries of the world that are suffering the worst economic fallout from ongoing conflicts. The Ukrainian war is foremost among these contributors to the material impoverishment of the South, considering currently soaring food and energy prices. Clearly, given their poverty, the latter states cannot afford to align themselves with feuding big powers of either the East or West because they need the financial and material help of all well-wishers to survive. Thus, Non-alignment best serves Southern interests.

Far from being dead or obsolete, Non-alignment, in the view of this columnist, has come to its own in the present ‘world disorder’. It is relevant to indicate that Non-alignment by any other name, ‘smells as sweet’. Hopefully, there would be no hair-spitting on this score.

India, as the G20 chair, faces the challenge of keeping the formidable formation together. In this exercise it would need to address the self- interest of the states within the G20 fold. While China is handling its relations with the West with a degree of caution and restraint, the same could not be said of Russia which is showing signs of escalating its power struggle with the West in a relatively abrasive fashion.

As this is being written, President Putin has reportedly expressed willingness to meet North Korean leader Kim Jong-un. Besides other things, if true, this amounts to Russia aggravating military tensions on the Korean peninsula. If the principle of nuclear non-proliferation comes to be further undermined in the Far East, the observer should not be surprised.

China should consider it obligatory to call on its allies, North Korea and Russia, to see the wisdom of not allowing tensions in the region from getting out of hand. All relevant powers should see it to be in their interests to desist from following an adventurist course in the Far East. The US is as obliged as China to help out in de-escalating military tensions in the region.

To be specific, it is up to Swing States, such as India, to impress on the membership of G20, the importance of keeping in focus the economic wellbeing of the totality of countries. Currently, the conflict in Ukraine is contributing in a major way to keep world food and energy prices on the upswing. Concerted awareness-raising by the likes of India could perhaps convince the major world powers of the need to see an end to the Ukraine conflict by peaceful means and thereby stem rising international economic discontent.



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Acid test emerges for US-EU ties

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European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen

European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen addressing the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland on Tuesday put forward the EU’s viewpoint on current questions in international politics with a clarity, coherence and eloquence that was noteworthy. Essentially, she aimed to leave no one in doubt that a ‘new form of European independence’ had emerged and that European solidarity was at a peak.

These comments emerge against the backdrop of speculation in some international quarters that the Post-World War Two global political and economic order is unraveling. For example, if there was a general tacit presumption that US- Western European ties in particular were more or less rock-solid, that proposition apparently could no longer be taken for granted.

For instance, while US President Donald Trump is on record that he would bring Greenland under US administrative control even by using force against any opposition, if necessary, the EU Commission President was forthright that the EU stood for Greenland’s continued sovereignty and independence.

In fact at the time of writing, small military contingents from France, Germany, Sweden, Norway and the Netherlands are reportedly already in Greenland’s capital of Nook for what are described as limited reconnaissance operations. Such moves acquire added importance in view of a further comment by von der Leyen to the effect that the EU would be acting ‘in full solidarity with Greenland and Denmark’; the latter being the current governing entity of Greenland.

It is also of note that the EU Commission President went on to say that the ‘EU has an unwavering commitment to UK’s independence.’ The immediate backdrop to this observation was a UK decision to hand over administrative control over the strategically important Indian Ocean island of Diego Garcia to Mauritius in the face of opposition by the Trump administration. That is, European unity in the face of present controversial moves by the US with regard to Greenland and other matters of contention is an unshakable ‘given’.

It is probably the fact that some prominent EU members, who also hold membership of NATO, are firmly behind the EU in its current stand-offs with the US that is prompting the view that the Post-World War Two order is beginning to unravel. This is, however, a matter for the future. It will be in the interests of the contending quarters concerned and probably the world to ensure that the present tensions do not degenerate into an armed confrontation which would have implications for world peace.

However, it is quite some time since the Post-World War Two order began to face challenges. Observers need to take their minds back to the Balkan crisis and the subsequent US invasions of Afghanistan and Iraq in the immediate Post-Cold War years, for example, to trace the basic historic contours of how the challenges emerged. In the above developments the seeds of global ‘disorder’ were sown.

Such ‘disorder’ was further aggravated by the Russian invasion of Ukraine four years ago. Now it may seem that the world is reaping the proverbial whirlwind. It is relevant to also note that the EU Commission President was on record as pledging to extend material and financial support to Ukraine in its travails.

Currently, the international law and order situation is such that sections of the world cannot be faulted for seeing the Post World War Two international order as relentlessly unraveling, as it were. It will be in the interests of all concerned for negotiated solutions to be found to these global tangles. In fact von der Leyen has committed the EU to finding diplomatic solutions to the issues at hand, including the US-inspired tariff-related squabbles.

Given the apparent helplessness of the UN system, a pre-World War Two situation seems to be unfolding, with those states wielding the most armed might trying to mould international power relations in their favour. In the lead-up to the Second World War, the Hitlerian regime in Germany invaded unopposed one Eastern European country after another as the League of Nations stood idly by. World War Two was the result of the Allied Powers finally jerking themselves out of their complacency and taking on Germany and its allies in a full-blown world war.

However, unlike in the late thirties of the last century, the seeming number one aggressor, which is the US this time around, is not going unchallenged. The EU which has within its fold the foremost of Western democracies has done well to indicate to the US that its power games in Europe are not going unmonitored and unchecked. If the US’ designs to take control of Greenland and Denmark, for instance, are not defeated the world could very well be having on its hands, sooner rather than later, a pre-World War Two type situation.

Ironically, it is the ‘World’s Mightiest Democracy’ which is today allowing itself to be seen as the prime aggressor in the present round of global tensions. In the current confrontations, democratic opinion the world over is obliged to back the EU, since it has emerged as the principal opponent of the US, which is allowing itself to be seen as a fascist power.

Hopefully sane counsel would prevail among the chief antagonists in the present standoff growing, once again, out of uncontainable territorial ambitions. The EU is obliged to lead from the front in resolving the current crisis by diplomatic means since a region-wide armed conflict, for instance, could lead to unbearable ill-consequences for the world.

It does not follow that the UN has no role to play currently. Given the existing power realities within the UN Security Council, the UN cannot be faulted for coming to be seen as helpless in the face of the present tensions. However, it will need to continue with and build on its worldwide development activities since the global South in particular needs them very badly.

The UN needs to strive in the latter directions more than ever before since multi-billionaires are now in the seats of power in the principle state of the global North, the US. As the charity Oxfam has pointed out, such financially all-powerful persons and allied institutions are multiplying virtually incalculably. It follows from these realities that the poor of the world would suffer continuous neglect. The UN would need to redouble its efforts to help these needy sections before widespread poverty leads to hemispheric discontent.

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Features

Brighten up your skin …

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Hi! This week I’ve come up with tips to brighten up your skin.

* Turmeric and Yoghurt Face Pack:

You will need 01 teaspoon of turmeric powder and 02 tablespoons of fresh yoghurt.

Mix the turmeric and yoghurt into a smooth paste and apply evenly on clean skin. Leave it for 15–20 minutes and then rinse with lukewarm water

Benefits:

Reduces pigmentation, brightens dull skin and fights acne-causing bacteria.

* Lemon and Honey Glow Pack:

Mix 01teaspoon lemon juice and 01 tablespoon honey and apply it gently to the face. Leave for 10–15 minutes and then wash off with cool water.

Benefits:

Lightens dark spots, improves skin tone and deeply moisturises. By the way, use only 01–02 times a week and avoid sun exposure after use.

* Aloe Vera Gel Treatment:

All you need is fresh aloe vera gel which you can extract from an aloe leaf. Apply a thin layer, before bedtime, leave it overnight, and then wash face in the morning.

Benefits:

Repairs damaged skin, lightens pigmentation and adds natural glow.

* Rice Flour and Milk Scrub:

You will need 01 tablespoon rice flour and 02 tablespoons fresh milk.

Mix the rice flour and milk into a thick paste and then massage gently in circular motions. Leave for 10 minutes and then rinse with water.

Benefits:

Removes dead skin cells, improves complexion, and smoothens skin.

* Tomato Pulp Mask:

Apply the tomato pulp directly, leave for 15 minutes, and then rinse with cool water

Benefits:

Controls excess oil, reduces tan, and brightens skin naturally.

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Shooting for the stars …

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That’s precisely what 25-year-old Hansana Balasuriya has in mind – shooting for the stars – when she was selected to represent Sri Lanka on the international stage at Miss Intercontinental 2025, in Sahl Hasheesh, Egypt.

The grand finale is next Thursday, 29th January, and Hansana is all geared up to make her presence felt in a big way.

Her journey is a testament to her fearless spirit and multifaceted talents … yes, her life is a whirlwind of passion, purpose, and pageantry.

Raised in a family of water babies (Director of The Deep End and Glory Swim Shop), Hansana’s love affair with swimming began in childhood and then she branched out to master the “art of 8 limbs” as a Muay Thai fighter, nailed Karate and Kickboxing (3-time black belt holder), and even threw herself into athletics (literally!), especially throwing events, and netball, as well.

A proud Bishop’s College alumna, Hansana’s leadership skills also shone bright as Senior Choir Leader.

She earned a BA (Hons) in Business Administration from Esoft Metropolitan University, and then the world became her playground.

Before long, modelling and pageantry also came into her scene.

She says she took to part-time modelling, as a hobby, and that led to pageants, grabbing 2nd Runner-up titles at Miss Nature Queen and Miss World Sri Lanka 2025.

When she’s not ruling the stage, or pool, Hansana’s belting tunes with Soul Sounds, Sri Lanka’s largest female ensemble.

What’s more, her artistry extends to drawing, and she loves hitting the open road for long drives, she says.

This water warrior is also on a mission – as Founder of Wave of Safety,

Hansana happens to be the youngest Executive Committee Member of the Sri Lanka Aquatic Sports Union (SLASU) and, as founder of Wave of Safety, she’s spreading water safety awareness and saving lives.

Today is Hansana’s ninth day in Egypt and the itinerary for today, says National Director for Sri Lanka, Brian Kerkoven, is ‘Jeep Safari and Sunset at the Desert.’

And … the all-important day at Miss Intercontinental 2025 is next Thursday, 29th January.

Well, good luck to Hansana.

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