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China advancing on path of socialist development

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20th National Congress of Communist Party of China

BY Dr. G. Weerasinghe
General Secretary
Communist Party of Sri Lanka

The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China was held from 16th to 22nd October 2022. There is no doubt that the congress was a decisive event in the path of building socialism in China. The main developments or phenomena that happened in China in the 10 years before that congress are as follows;

– Centenary of the Communist Party of Chinese (2021),

– Socialism in China entering a new era,

– China becoming a moderately prosperous country.

The Chinese Communist Party looks at and analyses issues scientifically or dialectically. In this analysis, according to the Chinese Communist Party, the main contradiction in Chinese society is shown as follows.

“That is, that the contradiction between the unbalanced and inadequate development among the provinces on one hand and the growing needs of the people for a better living condition on the other is considered to be the main contradiction”. During last 10 years the CPC worked to solve that contradiction and it will continue to work with the same objective for years to come.

Accordingly, the Chinese Communist Party, in the last 10 years;

Provided guidance to build socialism with Chinese characteristics or socialism in China.

Rallied 96 million party members providing leadership on all fronts/sectors.

Worked to lift more than 100 million people out of poverty in the last 10 years (by 2021) in order to eradicate poverty and create a moderately prosperous country in all respects.

Implemented a comprehensive strategy with the following 04 key points;

Building a modern socialist country

Deepening reforms

Strengthening the rule of law

Strengthening the self-governance of the party

Achievements of China under the leadership of CPC – 2012 to 2022

The measures taken in the last 10 years (2012 – 2022) to achieve high-quality development have resulted many achievements and some of them are listed below.

Gross Domestic Product increased from 54 to 114 trillion Yuan

Becoming the second largest economy in the world, accounting for 18.5% of the total world gross domestic product

Raising per capita gross domestic product from 39,800 Yuan to 81,000 Yuan

China has become the number one producer of goods in the world,

Topping the foreign exchange reserve,

Construction of the world’s longest high-speed highway and railway systems,

Bringing up the investment for research and development from 1 to 2.8 trillion Yuan and becoming the country with the largest group of people engaged in that work,

Development of manned spacecraft, moon and ocean exploration, ocean exploration, exploration of Earth’s interior, supercomputers and quantum computers.

Providing high priority to areas such as people-centered development programme, education, health, employment, care of children and the elderly, housing and social protection.

Life expectancy at birth is 78’2

Annual disposable income increased from 16,500 Yuan to 35,100 Yuan

Deepening the reforms and bringing the socialist system with Chinese characteristics to a mature state and modernising the country’s governance systems.

Accelerated opening up of the country and during that period China became the main trading partner of 140 countries and regions.

Strengthening the people’s democracy involved in the overall process,

The guidance of Marxism in the field of ideology is more stable,

Self-governance of the party and continuous reforms of the party by itself is essential for the party’s progress.

The Communist Party of China held its 20th National Congress in the background of the above-mentioned huge achievements, so there can be no doubt that the preparation of plans and roadmaps for the future was reliable and effective.

Theoretical guidance of the Congress

Marxism has worked based on the following main points in adapting to Chinese conditions and setting the way forward;

The basic ideology of the Chinese Communist Party is Marxism.

China’s socialist development was possible because the Chinese Communist Party was able to apply the basic teachings of Marxism to Chinese conditions through theoretical guidance.

Adapting the teachings of dialectical and historical materialism to Chinese conditions

That the Chinese Communist Party is firmly committed to the following four main principles:

Commitment to the Socialist Path

Maintaining the People’s Democratic Dictatorship

Maintaining the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party

Being guided by Marxist-Leninist and Maoist ideologies

Maintaining people-centric approach

Treating Marxism as a science, solving problems and while working for the welfare of the Chinese people, Commitment to the entire human society

The tasks of the new era decided by the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party;

China’s modernisation programme

It was decided to start a massive programme to modernise China. It must be strongly emphasised here that modernisation is not westernisation. The distinctive features of the Chinese modernisation programme are;

The programme is led by the Communist Party of China,

Modernising a large population

Being a modernisation programme for the common prosperity of the entire people

Reforms for peaceful development

To become materially and culturally superior

Modernisation in harmony with the environment

Meanwhile, the other main difference we see between the western modernisation and the Chinese modernisation programme is that the “West” carried out its modernisation programs with the resources gathered through colonial exploitation, while China’s modernisation take place using its own resources.

Building a Modern Socialist State in China

Further, the 20th National Congress of the Party decided that the building of a modern socialist state in China will be done through 02 steps.

I. Completion of socialist modernisation – in 2035

II. Becoming a modern socialist state – by 2049 (second millennium goal)

The socialist China will be;

1. Prosperous

2. Strong

3. Democratic

4. Culturally advanced

5. A beautiful country in harmony with environment

Although 2049 is a relatively distant goal, the Congress has become more specific about the desired goals in 2035.

Expected results in 2035

• Greatly boosted economic strength,

• Enhanced capabilities in science and technology,

• Enhanced overall national strength,

• Becoming the most innovative country in the world,

• Modernised economy

New industrialisation

A new level of information technology

New urbanisation

A modern agricultural development

• Modernised governance and developed “whole process people’s democracy”.

• To become a world leader in education, science, technology, culture, sports and health.

Bringing up disposable per capita annual income

Raising the middle income group as a percentage of the total population

Ensure equal access to basic public services

Ensuring modern living conditions in rural areas

Ensure long-term social stability

Establishing inclusive development and prosperity for all

• Ensuring harmony with the environment and building a beautiful China

• Modernised National Security System

After completing the modernisation programme in 2035, the Chinese Communist Party hopes to build a modern socialist state in China by 2049 and work to lead the world with strength.



Features

Kashmir terror attack underscores need for South Asian stability and amity

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Security forces in India-administered Kashmir following the recent terror attack on tourists.

The most urgent need for the South Asian region right now, in the wake of the cold-blooded killing by gunmen of nearly 30 local tourists in Indian-administered Kashmir two days back, is the initiation of measures that could ensure regional stability and peace. The state actors that matter most in this situation are India and Pakistan and it would be in the best interests of the region for both countries to stringently refrain from succumbing to knee-jerk reactions in the face of any perceived provocations arising from the bloodshed.

The consequences for the countries concerned and the region could be grave if the terror incident leads to stepped-up friction and hostility between India and Pakistan. Some hardline elements in India, for instance, are on record in the international media as calling on the Indian state to initiate tough military action against Pakistan for the Kashmiri terror in question and a positive response to such urgings could even lead to a new India-Pakistan war.

Those wishing South Asia well are likely to advocate maximum restraint by both states and call for negotiations by them to avert any military stand-offs and conflicts that could prove counter-productive for all quarters concerned. This columnist lends his pen to such advocacy.

Right now in Sri Lanka, nationalistic elements in the country’s South in particular are splitting hairs over an MoU relating to security cooperation Sri Lanka has signed with India. Essentially, the main line of speculation among these sections is that Sri Lanka is coming under the suzerainty of India, so to speak, in the security sphere and would be under its dictates in the handling of its security interests. In the process, these nationalistic sections are giving fresh life to the deep-seated anti-India phobia among sections of the Sri Lankan public. The eventual result will be heightened, irrational hostility towards India among vulnerable, unenlightened Sri Lankans.

Nothing new will be said if the point is made that such irrational fears with respect to India are particularly marked among India’s smaller neighbouring states and their publics. Needless to say, collective fears of this kind only lead to perpetually strained relations between India and her neighbours, resulting in regional disunity, which, of course would not be in South Asia’s best interests.

SAARC is seen as ‘dead’ by some sections in South Asia and its present dysfunctional nature seems to give credence to this belief. Continued friction between India and Pakistan is seen as playing a major role in such inner paralysis and this is, no doubt, the main causative factor in SARRC’s current seeming ineffectiveness.

However, the widespread anti-India phobia referred to needs to be factored in as playing a role in SAARC’s lack of dynamism and ‘life’ as well. If democratic governments go some distance in exorcising such anti-Indianism from their people’s psyches, some progress could be made in restoring SAARC to ‘life’ and the latter could then play a constructive role in defusing India-Pakistan tensions.

It does not follow that if SAARC was ‘alive and well’, security related incidents of the kind that were witnessed in India-administered Kashmir recently would not occur. This is far from being the case, but if SAARC was fully operational, the states concerned would be in possession of the means and channels of resolving the issues that flow from such crises with greater amicability and mutual accommodation.

Accordingly, the South Asian Eight would be acting in their interests by seeking to restore SAARC back to ‘life’. An essential task in this process is the elimination of mutual fear and suspicion among the Eight and the states concerned need to do all that they could to eliminate any fixations and phobias that the countries have in relation to each other.

It does not follow from the foregoing that the SAARC Eight should not broad base their relations and pull back from fostering beneficial ties with extra-regional countries and groupings that have a bearing on their best interests. On the contrary, each SAARC country’s ties need to be wide-ranging and based on the principle that each such state would be a friend to all countries and an enemy of none as long as the latter are well-meaning.

The foregoing sharp focus on SAARC and its fortunes is necessitated by the consideration that the developmental issues in particular facing the region are best resolved by the region itself on the basis of its multiple material and intellectual resources. The grouping should not only be revived but a revisit should also be made to its past programs; particularly those which related to intra-regional conflict resolution. Thus, talking to each other under a new visionary commitment to SAARC collective wellbeing is crucially needed.

On the question of ties with India, it should be perceived by the latter’s smaller neighbours that there is no getting away from the need to foster increasingly closer relations with India, today a number one global power.

This should not amount to these smaller neighbours surrendering their rights and sovereignty to India. Far from it. On the contrary these smaller states should seek to craft mutually beneficial ties with India. It is a question of these small states following a truly Non-aligned foreign policy and using their best diplomatic and political skills to structure their ties with India in a way that would be mutually beneficial. It is up to these neighbours to cultivate the skills needed to meet these major challenges.

Going ahead, it will be in South Asia’s best interests to get SAARC back on its feet once again. If this aim is pursued with visionary zeal and if SAARC amity is sealed once and for all intra-regional friction and enmities could be put to rest. What smaller states should avoid scrupulously is the pitting of extra-regional powers against India and Pakistan in their squabbles with either of the latter. This practice has been pivotal in bringing strife and contention into South Asia and in dividing the region against itself.

Accordingly, the principal challenge facing South Asia is to be imbued once again with the SAARC spirit. The latter spirit’s healing powers need to be made real and enduring. Thus will we have a region truly united in brotherhood and peace.

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Features

International schools …in action

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Students of The British School in Colombo in national costume

The British School in Colombo celebrated the 2025 Sinhala and Tamil New Year with the traditional rites and rituals and customs unique to the island nation, during a special Avurudu Assembly held at the school premises.

Students from all over the world, who are part of The British School in Colombo, gathered to celebrate this joyous event.

The special assembly featured traditional song and dance items from talented performers of both the Junior and Senior Schools.

On this particular day, the teachers and students were invited to attend school in Sri Lankan national costume and, among the traditional rituals celebrated, was the boiling of the milk and the tradition of Ganu-Denu.

Boiling of
the milk

In the meanwhile, a group of swimmers from Lyceum International School, Wattala, visited Australia to participate in the Global-ISE International Swimming Training Programme in Melbourne.

Over the course of 10 days, the swimmers followed an advanced training schedule and attended sessions at the Melbourne Sports and Aquatic Centre (MSAC), Victoria’s Nunawading Swimming Club, and Camberwell Grammar School.

In addition to their training, the group also explored Melbourne, with visits to key landmarks, such as the Parliament House and the Melbourne Cricket Ground (MCG), along with city tours and cultural experiences.

Traditional dance item

 

Tug-of-war contest

 

On arrival in Melbourne, Lyceum International School, Wattala, with Sri Lankan officials

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Features

Perfect … and healthy

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Got a few more beauty tips to give you … for a perfect complexion, or, let’s say, a healthy skin.

*  Honey Face Mask:

Take a tablespoon of raw honey and then warm it up by rubbing it with your fingertips. Apply the warm honey all over your face. Let this natural mask stand for about 10 minutes and then wash it off gently with warm water.

*  Coconut Milk Face Mask:

You need to squeeze coconut milk out of a grated raw coconut and apply this milk all over your face, including your lips.

(This will help you gain a glowing skin. It is one of the best natural tips for skin care)

*  Orange, Lemon, and Yoghurt Moisturiser:

To prepare this moisturiser, you need a tablespoon of orange juice, a tablespoon of lemon juice and a cup of plain yoghurt.

Mix them together and apply the paste all over your face, leaving it as a mask for 10 to 15 minutes. Next, take a damp handkerchief and use it to clean your face.

(This moisturiser brightens the complexion of your skin)

*  Cucumber and Lemon:

Apply equal parts of cucumber and lemon juice on your face before taking a bath. Allow it to sit for 10 minutes before rinsing it off. This natural face beauty tip will brighten your skin tone and lighten blemishes if used on a regular basis. The best aspect is that it is appropriate for all skin types!

*  Healthy Diet:

Aside from the effective home remedies, there are certain other factors to consider for skin care – and the first of them is your diet. Without the right nutrients, your skin cannot reverse the damage it suffers every day.

Eat fruits that are high in vitamin C because they contain antioxidants.

Adjust your diet to get the right amount of protein and unsaturated fats, as well as fresh green vegetables. All of this provides the right amount of nutrients so your skin can heal and improve itself naturally.

*  Sun Protection and Care:

Another thing to keep in mind is not to step out of your home without sunscreen, especially with this awful heat we are experiencing at the moment. The hard rays of the sun can do you more damage than you could ever imagine.

By the way, you can prepare your own sunscreen lotion with glycerin, cucumber juice and rose water. You can also keep this lotion in the fridge.

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